대장내시경검사의 전처치로서 항콜린제 사용에 관한 연구 : 전향적, 이중맹검법으로

박경남,한동수,이민호,최호순,박준용,손주현,이오영,함준수,전용철,송승찬,기춘석,윤병철,이종희 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.3

Background: Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy is controversial but someone believes antispasmodic may improve visualization of colonic mucosa and ease colonoscope insertion. So, we designed a study to assess the effect of premedication with the antispasmodic, hyoscine-N-butyl bromide(Buscopan') on the performance of colonoscopy. Methods: This study was prospective, double blinded, randomized, controlled study, One hundred three consecutive patients were randomized to receive intravenous buscopan lml(n=52) or placebo(n=51) combined with our standard initial medication(me- peridine 50 mg and midazolam 2 mg). Insertion of colonoscopy was timed, and 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS) were used for asscssing difficulty of procedure, colonic motility, frequency of positional change, frequency of external compression, difficulty of assistance and degree of discomfort experienced by the patients. Results: There were no significant differences of intubation time between buscopan group(mean time, 7.23 min., range 2~15) and placebo group(7.07 min., range 3-25), (p=0.83) and withdrawal time between buscopan group (6.46 min., range 2-22) and placebo group(6.76 min., range 2 25), (p=0.69). Also, there was no significant differences in intubation time between males and females(buscopan; males 7.00 min., females 7.60 min., p=0.34, placebo; males 7.0~5 min., females 7.08 min., p 0.44). The VAS scores checked by endoscopist(p=0.29), assistant(p=0.32) and patient (p=0.15) were not significantly different in both groups. There were no significant differences in intubation time, VAS scores nf endoscopist, assistant, and patients. Conclusion: Premedication with intravenous bu.opan has no advantage on colonoscopy procedure. Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy was not considered as recommendable agent.

Pulse Oximetry and Skin Temperature Gradient as Diagnostic Tools of Successful Caudal Block

Duk Kyung Kim,Kyoung Min Lee,Won Kyoung Kwon,Chung Sik Oh,Sung Whan Jang 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.6

Background: Though caudal block is a relative simple technique, it has not been widely used in adults because of a high failure rate. We assumed that any tests to quantify the changes of sympathetic tone in the affected areas would be excellent indicators of successful block. We tested the usefulness of two candidates (pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform amplitude measured at 5th toe and calf minus 5th toe skin temperature gradient) as indicators of successful caudal block. Methods: In 45 adult patients undergoing anal surgery with caudal block, these two variables were simultaneously measured at 2-min intervals for 20 min. A two-fold increase in the plethysmographic waveform amplitude from baseline and skin temperature gradient of 0°C were predefined as test criteria of successful block. Results: While the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the skin temperature gradient test were 45.9%, 100%, 100%, and 9.1%, those of the plethysmographic waveform test were 86.5%, 100%, 100%, and 28.6%. The plethysmographic waveform test showed a significantly higher discriminative capacity than the skin temperature gradient test (94.9% vs. 48.7%, P < 0.05) Conclusions: Unlike the skin temperature gradient test, the plethysmographic waveform test showed a considerably high validity in detecting successful block. Considering its simple and real time monitoring potentials together with a high failure rate of caudal block in adults, we cautiously recommend it as a supplemental diagnostic tool to predict successful block, especially when verbal communication with patient is difficult. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 53: S 19∼25)

Studies on Lytic, Tailed Bacillus cereus-specific Phage for Use in a Ferromagnetoelastic Biosensor as a Novel Recognition Element

( In Young Choi ),( Joo Hyeon Park ),( Kyoung Min Gwak ),( Kwang-pyo Kim ),( Jun-hyun Oh ),( Mi-kyung Park ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.1

This study investigated the feasibility of the lytic, tailed Bacillus cereus-specific phage for use in a ferromagnetoelastic (FME) biosensor as a novel recognition element. The phage was immobilized at various concentrations through either direct adsorption or a combination of 11-mercapto-1-undecanoic acid (11-MUA) and [N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS)]. The effects of time and temperature on its lytic properties were investigated through the exposure of B. cereus (4 and 8 logCFU/ml) to the phage (8 logPFU/ml) for various incubation periods at 22°C and at various temperatures for 30 and 60 min. As the phage concentration increased, both immobilization methods also significantly increased the phage density (p < 0.05). SEM images confirmed that the phage density on the FME platform corresponded to the increased phage concentration. As the combination of 11-MUA and EDC/NHS enhanced the phage density and orientation by up to 4.3-fold, it was selected for use. When various incubation was conducted, no significant differences were observed in the survival rate of B. cereus within 30 min, which was in contrast to the significant decreases observed at 45 and 60 min (p < 0.05). In addition, temperature exerted no significant effects on the survival rate across the entire temperature range. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the lytic, tailed B. cereus-specific phage as a novel recognition element for use in an FME biosensor. Thus, the phage could be placed on the surface of foods for at least 30 min without any significant loss of B. cereus, as a result of the inherent lytic activity of the B. cereus-specific phage as a novel recognition element.

The Korean Association of lnternal Medicine : Poster Session ; PS 1357 : Nephrology ; Age is the Strongest Effector for the Relationship between Estimated Glomerular filtration Rate and Coronary Artery Calcifi cation in Apparently Healthy Korean Adults

( Hyun Beom Chae ),( Eun Jung Rhee ),( Hae Jung Park ),( Min Kyung Lee ),( Won Seon Jeon ),( Se Eun Park ),( Cheol Young Park ),( Won Young Lee ),( Ki Won Oh ),( Sung Woo Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major clinical problem and the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Coronary artery calcifi cation (CAC) is a potential mechanism that explains the association between renal function and cardiovascular mortality. We aimed to evaluate the association between renal function and CAC in apparently healthy Korean subjects. Methods: In 23,617 participants in the health screening program in Kangbuk Samsung Hospital health screening program from January 2010 to December 2011, estimated glomerular fi ltration rate (eGFR) was assessed by Cockcroft-Gault equation. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was measured by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). Subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the CKD Staging system with eGFR grade; stage 1: eGFR = 90 mL/min/1.73 m2, stage 2: eGFR 60-89 mL/ min/1.73 m2, stage 3: eGFR 30-59 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results: Mean age of the participants was 41.4 years, and mean eGFR was 103.6±21.7 mL/min/1.73 m2. Hypertension and diabetes were noted in 43.7% and 5.5% of the participants, respectively. eGFR showed weakly negative but signifi cant association with CACS in bivariate correlation analysis (r=-0.076, p<0.01). Mean CACS signifi cantly increased from CKD stage 1 to 3. The proportion of subjects who had CAC signifi cantly increased from CKD stage 1 to 3. Although odds ratio for CAC signifi cantly increased from stage 1 to 3 after adjustment for confounding factors, this signifi cance was inversed when age was included in the model. Age was the strongest factor that affects CAC. Conclusions: This study performed in young Korean subjects with relatively normal renal function, age was the mostly strongest effector on the association between eGFR and the degree of CAC.

개의 췌도분리에서 췌장의 팽창과 콜라겐 분해요소

이상훈,김성주,박정환,김종성,오승훈,한진수,정인경,양태영,김동준,김광원,이문규,민용기,이명식,정재훈,함종렬 대한당뇨병학회 2000 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.2

Backgrounds: One of the main problems conditioning the outcome of islet transplantation is the ability to separate a sufficient number of viable islets with preserved function. Islet purification is critically affected by all of the isolation stages. Thus, it is necessary to set up the standard isolation method that islets are separate well from acinar without compromising islet yield and viability. Methods: Twenty three adult mongrel dogs were used for the experiment of total pancreatectomy with islet isolation. The islets were properly isolated by a modified Recordi method. The obtained islets were further purified by centrifugation on discontinuous gradients using cell separation system (Model 2991, Cobe, Lakewood Colo). We evaluated islet number (islet equivalent number, 150 um equivalents/kg of recipient body weight, IEq/kg), purity, cell volume, viabilty, recovery rate, and comparison of outcome according to the isolation conditions. Results: 1) The mean of islet numbers before purification were 13543±9431Eq/kg, digestion times were 13.8±2.6 min., digestion temperature was 37.4±0.2℃, purity was 59.7?.0%, viability was 90.0±2.1%, cell volume was 4.7±1.1 mL, islet number after purification were 4064±361 IEq/kg, and recovery rate was 29±2.9%. 2) Isolated islet numbers were different according to the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase, digestion temperature, and digestion time. 3) The best conditions for islet isolation were above 37.5℃ in temperature at recirculation of collagenase, within 12 min in digestion time and well distended pancreas with collagenase. 4) According to multiple regression adjusted by variable factors, the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase and digestion time were independently associated factors for successful islet isolation. Conclusions: In this study, we concluded that the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase and digestion time were independent factors for successful islet isolation and the best conditions for islet isolation were above 37.5℃ in temperature at recirculation of collagenase, within 12 min in digestion time and well distended pancreas with collagenase.

PPV 공중합체의 합성 및 발광특성

민혜경,이경민,한동제,박성진,오응주 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학논문집 Vol.16 No.-

Blue light emitting PPV [poly (p-phenylene vinylene)] copolymers soluble in common organic solvents are synthesized and their structural and light emitting properties are studied. Copolymers show π-π* transition in UV-Vis. spectra and their λmax shift to shorter wavelength compare to that of monomers. The PL and absorption spectrum shows the symmetric vibration modes with muror images which means that copolymers are highly, aligned. The band gap energy of these copolymers are ~3.0 eV. By introducing aliphatic hydrocarbon group into polymer main chain, the stability of copolymers is increased and no significant effects of substituents are observed.

비장경색이 동반된 쯔쯔가무시병 1예

오종찬,이범주,장재현,원경준,박경희,김동민,박치영,정춘해 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.1

Tsutsugamushi disease is an acute febrile illness caused by Orientie. tsutsugsmushi. It is characterized by fever, myalgia, lymphadenopathy, and rash. And it can be easily diagnosed by characteristic eschar and serologic testing. Nearly all of the patients with tsutsugamushi disease improve with antibiotics such as doxycycline. However, the fatality rate of untreated cases is seven to ten percent. Splenic infarction is not common disease which is caused by occlusion of the main splenic artery or any of its branches. It is mainly caused by emboli that arise from cardiovascular disease, but sometimes by regional thrombosis associated with leukemia, myeloproliferative disorder, sickle cell anemia, pancreatitis, splenic torsion and septicemia. We experienced one case of tsutsugamushi disease with splenic infarction, which was improved after doxycycline treatment finished.

소아의 손잡이와 문제행동

민성길,신의진,오경자,하은혜 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.3

This study was aimed to understand human behavior through the concept of brain asymmetry, which is the most basic part of neuropsychiatric methodology. The association between handedness and behavior problems of children was investigated in 2831 children in the first, second, and third grade of four elementary schools in Seoul. Furthermore, the instruments were Childhood Behavior Check List(CBCL) and a Hand preference Questionnaire. The results were following. 1) The number of right handers was 2358(82.7%), and the of non-right handers was 494(17.3%) respectively. There were no students using only their left hand in all five items. 2) The rate of non-right handers were significantly greater in males than in females. The rate of non-right handers decreased with aging. 3) There was no difference in social background between right haders and non-right handers. 4) There was no difference in social competence and social achievement between right handers and non-right handers, except on sibling relationship which was poorer in non-right handers. 5) Non-right handers were scored significantly higher than right handers in total CBCL behavior score as well as in the subscales of CBCL behavior problems, such as, withdrawal, anxiousdepressed, attention problem, aggressive and delinquent behavior. In addition, non-right handers were scored higher in both the internalizing and the externalizing behavior problem. 6) There was no sexual difference in high incidence of behavior problems in non-right handers. These above results suggests that non-right handers had significantly more behavior problems than right handers, therefore presenting itself as a risk factor. Therefore special care is necessary for non-right handed children at home and school.

폴리아닐린을 이용한 전기변색소자의 제작 및 특성

오응주,이경민,민혜경,노성변,서정선 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학논문집 Vol.12 No.-

ITO/폴리아닐린/고분자고체전해질/ITO구조의 전기변색소자가 제작되었다.IM p-toluenesulfonic acid 용액내에서 0.7V의 전압하에 potentiostaic method로 아닐린을 전기화학적으로 중합하여 salt form의 폴리아닐린을 ITO glass 위에 deposite시켰다.또한 화학적으로 합성한 base form의 폴리아닐린을 10? torr의 압력하에 진공승화법에 의해 ITO glass 위에 증착시켰다. PEI(polyethyleneimine)과 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid 를 이용하여 고분자 고체전해질을 제조하였다. 제작된 ITO/polyaniline salt/고분자고체전해질/ITO 구조의 전기변색소자는 인가전압 -2.0V~+2.OV의 영역에서 무색에서 푸른색을 나타내었다.Potential pulse를 통하여 측정된 이들 변색소자의 cyvlic number 는 10? 이상으로 나타났고, 응답시간은 50ms로 생기는 전자전이를 통하여 색의 변화를 알 수 있었다. 또한 각각 변색물질로 폴리아닐린 salt 와 base를 사용하여 제작된 변색소자의 경우 I-V곡선은 counter 이온인 SO?-의 발생확률에 따라 다른 곡선을 나타내었다. Electrochromic devices(ECD) with ITO/polyaniline/polymer solid electrolyte /ITO structure were fabricated . In these devices both of poyaniline salt and base forms were deposited onto ITO conducting glass substrate by electrochemical and vacuum sublimation method, respectively, Polymer solid electrolye were prepared by the reaction of polyethyleneimine with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid . ECDs based on polyaniline salt showed color change from colirless to blue in the range of applied voltage of -2.OV ~+2.0V.Cyclic number and response time of these devices appear to be 10? and 50ms respectively. The color change which is relatd to teh electronic transition by the variation of electron density was observed from the UV/Vis. spectra measurement. I-V curves for ECDs based on polyaniline salt and base repectively shoe different behaviors due to the different degree of contribution of SO?- ion as a counterion for each case.

병원 불안- 우울 척도에 관한 표준화 연구 : 정상, 불안, 우울 집단간의 비교 A Comparison of Normal, Depressed and Anxious Groups

민경준,오세만,박두병 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 저자들은 Zigmond등 (1983)이 개발한 병원 불안-우울 척도(Hospital Anxiety and Depression : HAD)를 한국어로 표준화하기 위한 목적으로 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상은 불안장애 환자가 66명, 우울장애 환자가 74명, 정상대조군 189명이었다. HAD의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였고, 한홍무 등(1986)이 표준화한 Beck의 BDI와 왕성근(1978)이 표준화한 Zung의 자기평정 불안척도와 그 상관관계를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 문항 - 총점간의 상관관계 중앙치는 불안 하부척도가 0.55, 우울 하부 척도가 0.47로 나타났고, Crohnbach의 α계수는 각각 0.89와 0.86으로 나타나서 중등도 이사의 신뢰도가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 타당도에서는 t검증 결과 불안 및 우울 집단이 정상 대조군과 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타나 타당도가 높은 것으로 증명되었다. 구성 타당도는 우울 하부척도가 BDI와는 r=0.80, 불안 하부척도가 SAS와는 r=0.79로 나타나 중등도 이상인 것으로 판정되었다. HAD로 불안 및 우울을 측정하는 경우 우울 하부 척도가 절단점 8점인 경우 민감도 89.2%, 특이도 82.5%, 불안 하부척도가 절단점 8점인 경우 민감도 78.8%, 특이도 82.5%로 가장 적절하게 나타났다. HAD의 요인분석 결과 두 가지의 요인이 추출되었다. 요인 1이 설명하는 변량은 49.6%로, 요인 2가 설명하는 변량은 10.0%로 두 요인이 설명하는 변량은 59.6%였다. 두 가지 요인은 원래 척도인 불안(AI-7)과 우울(D1-7)의 하부척도와 잘 일치하였다. 그리고 불안과 우울 장애의 감별에서도 두 집단사이의 t검증 결과 우울 하부척도는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으나 불안 하부척도는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 이러한 결과로 HAD가 불안과 우울 장애를 타당성 있게 측정할 수 있는 척도로 증명되었다. 본 척도를 사용하여 일차진료의 및 비 정신과 분야에서의 불안과 우울의 이환 상태를 이용하고 짧은 시간에 숙달된 기술이 없이도 검사할 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : The Purpose of this study was to standardize the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for Koreans : HAD-K). Methods : HAD-K, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) were administered to 66 anxious and 74 depressed patients and 189 normal controls. Results : The median correlation between items of the HAD-A and corrected item total score was 0.55 and HAD-D was 0.47. The values of Cronbach's α coefficient were 0.89 and 0.86. The results of testing the validity of the HAD examined by t-test proved that anxious and depressed groups were significantly different from normal controls. The construct validity of HAD-D with BDI was r=0.80, and HAD-A with SAS was r=0.79. The result of examining the sensitivity and specificity of HAD-D revealed that cut-off point of 8 yielded 89.2% sensitivity rate and 82.5% specificity rate. And those of Had-A revealed that cut-off point of 8 yielded 78.8% sensitivity rate and 82.5% specificity rate. The result of the factor analysis found 3 factors in HAD, which were anxiety(factor 1) and depression(factor 2). The total percent of two factors were 59.6%. Conclusion : The HAD-K was proven to measure the anxiety and depression validly. Primary physicians and non-psychiatrists also can easily measure anxiety and depression of patients within a short time with HAD-K.