한국의 발톱진균증 환자의 삶의 질에 관한 연구

조백기,박종갑,김형옥,김성욱,백승철,김진우,김시용,안규중,전재복,오지원,김낙인,이규석,오칠환,김수남,김상태,손숙자,신용우,김동석,이원우,권경술,서대헌,황규왕,이종석,고재경,강원형,정기양,최응호,김기홍,박석돈,강승주,함정희,명기범,김방순,구상완,김병수,원영호,김한욱,송은섭,정병수,노병인,홍창권,박장규,한지윤,김광중,구대원,김종민,김재홍,유희준,양경미 대한의진균학회 1998 대한의진균학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Background: Onychomycosis, especially toenail onychomycosis has become one of the common fungal infection and has historically been regarded as a cosmetic rather than medical problem by many patients, even by physicians. Recently, however, there are several reports that is a refractory disease which may cause a deleterious effect on patiets quality of life (QOL). Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of toenail onychomycosis on QOL in Korea and to assess the chandes of QOL after treatment. Methods: Total 1004 patients with toenail onychomycosis which was confirmed by clinical findings and KOH preparation were were enrolled at 47 dermatologic centers in Korea, and interviewed with standardized QOL questionnaire before and after sytemic antifungal treatment. Responses to the questionnaire were scored by 5-point scale (1∼4) and averaged, and were analyzed for 5 dimensions of emotional impact, social impact, symptorn and functional impact, patients views concerning treatment, and relationship with doctor. Results: 1. Before and after treatment, the most serious impact was emotional dimension showing 1.90 and 1.30 in average score (AS), and social (AS: 1.14 and 0.83) and symptom and functional impact (AS: 1.05 and 0.92) was also affected. 2. In female rather than male, statistically more significant impact on patients QOL was observed in all dimensions. 3. After treatment, 3 of 5 dimensions were improved significantly - emotional dimension (AS : from 1.90 to 1.30), social dimension (AS: from 1.14 to 0.83), patients view concerning treatment (AS: from 1.34 to 1.02). 4. The drgree of patients satisfaction at the therapeutic effect was very high- 62.4% (immediately after treatment) and 65.8% (9 months affer initiation of treatment) of patients answered excellent or good. Conclusion: This study confirms that toenail onychomycosis has significant impact on the overall QOL of patients. Also the effect of antifungal therapy on patients QOL were watisfactory. Therefore, both doctor and patient should pay more attention to the treatment of onychomycosis. [Kor J Med Mycol 3(1): 115∼124]

가토의 중추 α₂-Adrenoceptor와 두개내압 상승에 따른 혈압 상승과의 관계

안태형,박승규,신호,정우섭 대한신경외과학회 1984 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.13 No.1

Urethane마취가토의 경뇌막외강내에 가압 및 두개내압기록용 balloon을 삽입하여 두개내압 상승 및 이에 따른 혈압변동에 미치는 α₂-adrenoceptor agonist(clonidine) 및 antagonist(rauwolscine)의 측뇌실내 투여효과를 조사하였다. 1) 가압 balloon내 식염수 주입(0.058 ㎖/min)으로 점진적인 두개내압 상승이 출현하였고, 가압초기 즉, 두개내압상승이 완만할 때 혈압은 경미한 하강을 보였으나, 두개내압 상승이 급격해지면 현저한 혈압상승이 나타났다. 2) Rauwolscine 5 ㎍의 측뇌실내 투여는 혈압자체에 거의 영향을 주지않았고, 가압실험에 의한 두개내압 상승 및 혈압상승 양상은 대조군의 그것과 비슷하게 나타났다. 3) Rauwolscine 50 ㎍ 투여로 자체 혈압은 거의 변동이 없었고, 가압실험에 의한 두개뇌압 상승은 약간 촉진되었다. 두개내압 상승에 따른 가압 초기의 혈압하강은 소실되었고, 그 후의 혈압상승은 대조군의 상승보다 현저히 강화되었다. 동일 수들의 두개내압 상승을 일으키는데 소요되는 가압 balloon내의 식염수 주입량은 대조군에서의 보다 현저히 적었고, 최고혈압 상승 정도는 대조군의 상승보다 컸었다. 4) Rauwolscine 500 ㎍은 자체 혈압을 상승시켰고 이때 가압실험에 의한 두개내압 상승 및 이에 따른 혈당상승은 대조군의 그것보다 강화되는 경향을 보였다. 5) Clonidine 30 ㎍은 자체혈압을 현저히 하강시켰고 이때의 두개내압 상승에 따른 가압 초기의 혈압하강은 대조군의 하강보다 컸으나, 혈압상승은 거의 나타나지 않았다. 6) Rauwolscine 500 ㎍ 투여후 clonidine 30 ㎍을 투여하면 clonidine 자체의 혈압 하강작용이 현저히 감약 되었으며 이때 두개내압 상승 및 이에 따른 혈압상승은 대조군의 상승과 거의 비슷하였다. 이상의 성적을 종합하여 가토에서 두개내압 상승에 따른 혈압상승은 ① 중추 α₂-adrenoceptor의 흥분시에는 억제되고, ② 이 receptor의 차단시에는 촉진되며, ③ 두개내압 상승이 어느 수준을 넘으면 이 receptor의 기능이 장해를 받아 혈압상승이 초래된다고 추론하였다. 1) The effects of intraventricular α₂-adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist, clonidine and rauwolscine, on changes of blood pressure induced by the rise of intracranial pressure were investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 2) The rise of ICP, induced by the infusion of saline into a balloon placed in the epidural space, was comparatively slow in the beginning of the infusion but became sharp as the infusion proceeded. Corresponding with the gradual increase of ICP, there was a slight decrease in BP. An abrupt rise of BP was observed when ICP showed a sharp increase. 3) Intraventricular rauwolscine (5 ㎍) by itself did not affect BP. In these rauwolscine-treated rabbits the increase of both ICP and BP by the infusion was similar to that of the control animals. 4) The pretreatment with rauwolscine (50 ㎍) did hardly affect BP, but this made the increase of ICP and BP by the infusion different from that of the control animals. The slight hypotensive response in the beginning of the infusion did not appear and the pressor response to the raised ICP was markedly facilitated. The volume of saline infused into the infusing balloon to cause the same increase of ICP as in the control animals was much smaller than in the control ones, and the magnitude of the maximal increase of BP was much greater. 5) The pretreatment with 500 ㎍ of intraventricular rauwolscine produced an increase of BP. In these animals the increase of both ICP and BP by the infusion seemed to be slightly facilitated than in the control animals. 6) Intraventricular clonidine (30 ㎍) markedly decreased BP. In these clonidine-treated animals the slight hypotensive response in the beginning was more distinct than in the' control animals, and the pressor response was hardly seen. 7) The hypotensive response to intraventricular clonidine (30 ㎍) was weakened in the animals pretreated with intraventricular rauwolscine (500 ㎍). In these animals the increase of both ICP and BP by the infusion appeared as in the control animals. 8) The above results suggest that the pressor response to the raised ICP in rabbits was inhibited under the condition of stimulation of central α₂-adrenoceptors and facilitated under the condition of blockade of the receptors. It seems that the rise of blood pressure takes place when the activity of α₂-adrenoceptors is impared by the increased pressure of the balloon placed in the epidural space.

두개강내 지주막 낭종의 치료 및 결과

안정용,최중언,윤수한,정상섭,이규창 대한신경외과학회 1994 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.23 No.2

Sixty-four patients with intracranial arachnoid cyst were treated at the Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine between 1985 and 1992. Among them, f e rty-eight patients received operation. The purpose of this study was to review our surgical results and find out the most effective surgical procedure for arachnoid cysts in each location. The thirty-one patients with the supratentorial arachnoid cyst showed the mass effect or subdural hematoma on preoperative CT scan. They were treated with marsupialization, cystoperitoneal shunt fenestration with cystoperitoneal shunt, and cystoperitoneal shunt with endoscopy. The fenestration with cystoperitoneal shunt showed the best result in supratentorial arachnoid cysts. The ten patients with the midline arachnoid cyst showed the hydrocephalus on CT scan. They were treated with open fenestration with ventriculoperitoneal shunt, endoscopic fenestration, open fenestration, endoscopic fenestration with ventriculoperitoneal shunt and cystoperitoneal shunt. The endoscopic fenestration showed the best result in midline arachnoid cysts. The seven patients infratentorial arachnoid cysts also presented with hydrocephalus on initial CT scan. The open fenestration with ventriculoperitoneal shunt, open fenestration, endoscopic fenestration, and cystoperitoneal shunt were surgical procedure for these. The cystoperitoneal shunt showed the best result in infratentorial arachnoid cysts. The complications of treatment related with shunt operation, were relieved with shunt revision. Forty-five cases among fortyeight operated cases had good clinical outcome. The most appropriate surgical method for arachnoid cyst were discussed.

한국의 Amatoxins 중독증

안영민,이동수,이강문,강상범,양진모,박영민,이영석,정규원,선희식,박두호,노현주,강영모,이종명,허정욱,최성곤,김정호,이상인,최승옥,최홍엽,권오선,구창덕,석순자,김양섭 대한간학회 2000 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.6 No.3

한국의 amatoxins 중독증은 강원 영서 지역이 호발지역으로 알려져 왔으며 최초로 보고된 원인버섯은 알광대버섯이었으나 현재까지 재 확인된 바가 없다. 원인버섯이 확인된 예로는 강원 영서지역이나 대전지역의 독우산광대버섯과 함께 1998년 경북 일원에서 발생한 집단 중독사고의 개나리광대버섯과 대전에서 발생한 1예에서 흰알광대버섯을 들 수 있다. 최근까지 amatoxins 중독증에 관해 보고된 국내의 문헌을 살펴보면 한국에서 발생하는 amatoxins중독증은 사망률에서 외국의 20-40% 와 큰 차이가 있는 것 처럼 보이나 사실상 전체적인 발생빈도나 사망률 등을 산출한 예가 없었을 뿐아니라, 높은 사망률의 원인이 무엇인지를 비교하는 것도 불가능하였다. 저자들은 국내에서 발생하는 amatoxins 중독증의 예방과 보다 효율적인 진단 및 치료를 위해 발생빈도나 사망률 및 원인버섯 등의 기초적인 조사와 함께 문헌을 통해 amatoxins 중독증에 대한 지견을 고찰하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1999년 1년간 원인버섯 식별을 위해 의뢰되었던 증례들과 연례적 호발지역의 의료기관에서 병력 및 임상소견으로 amatoxins 중독증으로 진단 또는 추정된 증례들을 조사하였다. 원인버섯의 식별은 발생지역을 방문하여 원인버섯의 확보가 가능했던 소수의 증례에서는 외관과 현미경적 소견으로 원인버섯을 식별하였으며 원인버섯의 확보가 불가능한 증례에서는 특징적인 외관으로 추정되었다. 결과: 54명의 대상환자들 중 43명에서amatoxins 중독증으로 진단되었으며 그중 35명은 중등도 이상의 중독증으로 간주하였다. 중등도 이상의 중독증에서는 7명이 사망하여 20%의 사망률을 나타내었으며 원인버섯은 독우산광대버섯과 개나리광대버섯이 확인되었다. 흰알광대버섯은 확인되지 않았으나 사실상 독우산광대버섯과의 감별은 이루어지지 않았다. 4예에서는 원인버섯이 확인되지 않아 더 연구 되어야 한다. 사망례에서는 비사망군에 비해 혈소판이 유의하게 감소한 소견을 보였다. 전예에서 간이식등의 치료는 시행되지 않았으며 대부분 수액요법을 근간으로한 보존요법을 실시하였다. 결론: 한국의 amatoxins 중독증은 주로 강원 영서지역과 경북 일원에서 호발하고, 원인버섯은 외국과는 달리 독우산광대버섯과 개나리광대버섯이 주된 원인버섯이며, 1997년 까지의 증례보고를 대상으로한 70%의 사망률과는 달리 중등도 이상의 중독증례를 대상으로 하여도 사망률은 20%로 외국에 비해 높지 않다. 그러나 외국과 달리 간이식과 같은 보다 적극적인 치료를 시도한 예가 없는데, 대부분 갑자기 나빠지기 때문에 준비를 못하는 것이 원인이다. 따라서, 사망률을 더 낮추기 위해서는 혈액이나 소변과 같은 체액에서 단시간 내에 amatoxins을 측정할 수 있는 임상 검사법이 개발되어 조기 진단이 가능해져야 하며, 중독 초기에 나쁜 예후가 예측되는 심각한 증례를 선별하여 전문적인 치료를 받을 수 있는 기회를 제공해야 한다. 아울러 amatoxins 중독증에 대한 보다 정확한 통계를 산출하여야 할 것이다. 저자들은 본 연구에 1999년도에 발생한 대부분의 amatoxins 중독증의 증례가 포함되었으나 포함되지 않은 증례들이 다수 있다고 생각한다. 이러한 기초 조사를 철저히 하기 위해서는 전국 각지에서 발생하는 버섯중독 사고를 의뢰 또는 신고 할 수 있는 일원화 된 창구가 필요하리라고 사료된다. $quot;Background/Aims: From the review of Korean literature most fatal mushroom poisonings have been due to amatoxins with high mortality. So far there have never been investigations on the amatoxins poisonings such as annual incidence, mortality, common causal species, and endemic areas. This study was carried out to develop some basic statistics as part of studies for an effective management of amatoxins intoxications. Method: For the year 1999 authors collected cases of mushroom poisonings which had been mainly gathered from hospitals nation-wide. All of the cases with suggestive amatoxins poisonings were screened by symptomatology and laboratory findings. The causal species of mushrooms were identified grossly and microscopically. Results: A total of 54 victims with mushroom poisonings were evaluated. The causal mushroom toxins were diagnosed or strongly suggested as amatoxins in 43 of 54 victims. Eleven of 54 victims did not conform to the category of amatoxins intoxication due to absent or minimal elevation of aminotransferase. Mean age of the victims was 44.3 23.3 (range: 7-78) with male predominance (1.2 : 1). The causal species were confirmed, or strongly suggested, as Amanita virosa in 25 victims, Amanita subjunquillea in 14, and unknown species in 4. Thirty-five out of a total of 43 were regarded as moderate to severe intoxication (AST or ALT $gt; 1,000 IU/L) with 20% mortality. Most fatal victims showed marked thrombocytopenia (40,000 19,000/mm3) compared to non-fatal victims (109,066 42,245/mm3). A total of 88.4% of victims was developed in the Kangwon and Kyungpuk provinces. Both are west of the Taebaek Mountains (38/43). Conclusions: Although the common causal species for amatoxins poisonings in Korea are different from European countries and North America, the mortality is similar to that of those areas. In order to further reduce the mortality, bedside diagnostic methods using biological fluids and more effective herapy for liver failure should be established$quot;.

Characteristics of Sawdust and Cocopeat Beddings, and Their Usefulness According to the Fan and Pen Location for Rearing Hanwoo Cattle

Ahn, Gyu Chul,Jang, Sun Sik,Lee, Kang Yeon,Kwak, Wan Sup,Oh, Young Kyun,Park, Keun Kyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.3

This study was designed to examine the characteristics of sawdust and cocopeat bedding materials, including physicochemical properties (Exp. I) and on-farm trial (Exp. II). In Exp. I, the proportion of particle size was in the order of sawdust>cocopeat India>cocopeat Vietnam (p<0.05), and cocopeat contained higher proportion of small particles ($250{\mu}m$+below $250{\mu}m$) than sawdust, causing a dust production problem. Bulk density was cocopeat India>cocopeat Vietnam>sawdust (p<0.05), thus cocopeat treatments showed 4.4 times higher bedding cost than sawdust. The water absorption rates were 702.0% in cocopeat India, 678.3% in cocopeat Vietnam, and 444.0% in sawdust, showing cocopeat had approximately 1.5 times higher water absorption rate than sawdust. Moisture evaporation rates after 12 h of air blowing (2.00 m/s) were higher (p<0.05) in cocopeat Vietnam (80.4%) than sawdust (71.2%) and cocopeat India (72.8%). In vitro ammonia emissions were higher (p<0.05) in sawdust ($2.71mg/m^2/h$) than cocopeat India ($1.59mg/m^2/h$) and Vietnam ($1.22mg/m^2/h$), and total ammonia emissions were higher (p<0.05) in sawdust ($37.02mg/m^2$) than cocopeat India ($22.51mg/m^2$) and Vietnam ($13.60mg/m^2$). In Exp. II, an on-farm trial was conducted with 48 Hanwoo cattle in 16 pens using the same bedding materials as in Exp. I, with fan (blowing 2.00 m/s) and no fan treatments, and feed bunk side (FB) and water supply side (WS) within a pen (4.5 m, $width{\times}9.0m$, length). Beddings were replaced with fresh bedding materials when moisture concentrations were over 65%. No interactions among treatments were detected for moisture concentration and increment rates, and ammonia concentrations, but a significant effect was observed (p<0.01) for each of the treatments. Both concentrations and increment rate of moisture were higher (p<0.01) in the beddings without fan than with fan. Moisture concentrations and increment rate within a pen were also higher (p<0.01) in FB than WS. Thus, the whole no-fan-FB and sawdust-fan-FB were replaced with fresh bedding material between 4 to 5 experimental weeks. The ammonia concentrations and pH of beddings were not significantly different among treatments. Therefore, using cocopeat bedding with a blowing fan can extend twice the bedding utilization period, and WS within a pen showed twice the bedding-life compared to FB. Despite the outstanding characteristics of cocopeat compared with sawdust, using cocopeat as an alternative for sawdust bedding is not recommended for cattle management, considering it has 4.4 times higher bedding cost and a dust production problem.

Study on Evaluation Method of Crack Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures

Kyu-dong Jeong,Soo-Ahn Kwon,Moon-Sup Lee,Jun-Tan Son 한국도로학회 2018 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.05

The relationship between asphalt mixture and crack resistance is difficult to predict because it is influenced by aggregate particle size, aggregate and asphalt interface characteristics, rheological properties of asphalt type, asphalt coating thickness, temperature sensitivity and porosity. For this reason, various evaluation methods of crack resistance have been developed. In Korea, indirect tensile strength and toughness are used as criteria for crack resistance test of asphalt mixture. DC (T), SCB, Fenix test, and OT (overlay test) have been developed and used internationally as crack resistance test methods. In this study, we compared the conventional crack resistance evaluation methods, and developed a direct tensile fatigue test method which was modified with OT method and Fenix method. Crack resistances were evaluated using reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) and virgin asphalt mixtures. As a result, direct tensile fatigue test method was evaluated as suitable for evaluation of crack resistance.

방음벽 기초 설계 기준 개정 연구

안상섭(Ahn, Sang Sup),구본성(Ku, Bon Sung),김영진(Kim, Young Jin),진규남(Jin, Kyu Nam) 한국콘크리트학회 2011 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

터널 설계를 위한 지보 기준 연구

안태훈 ( Ahn Tae Hun ),정대석 ( Jung Dae Suk ),변봉섭 ( Byun Bong Sup ),이규환 ( Lee Kyu Hwan ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2004 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

A tunnel must be designed economically safely. We must calculate a load of a tunnel in order to confirm safety and an economy of a tunnel. However, this is impossible practically. Therefore, it is hard to confirm safety and an economy of a tunnel in the current techonology. This paper tried to grope for the way that can analyze safety and an economy of a modem tunnel. According to the study results, a support pattern of a modem tunnel is more appropriate for a Terzaghi's loosening load. RMR shows a too large safety rate. When design a modem tunnel, we can use a Terzaghi’s loosening load. In this case, the study about a way to adopt an appropriate safety rate is necessary.

[제2분과/내진성능/교량/지반] 터널 설계를 위한 지보 기준 연구

안태훈(Ahn Tae Hun),정대석(Jung Dae Suk),변봉섭(Byun Bong Sup),이규환(Lee Kyu Hwan) 한국구조물진단유지관리학회 2004 한국구조물진단학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.- No.-

A tunnel must be designed economically safely. We must calculate a load of a tunnel in order to confirm safety and an economy of a tunnel. However, this is impossible practically. Therefore, it is hard to confirm safety and an economy of a tunnel in the current technology. This paper tried to grope for the way that can analyze safety and an economy of a modern tunnel. According to the study results, a support pattern of a modern tunnel is more appropriate for a Terzaghi's loosening load. RMR shows a too large safety rate. When design a modern tunnel, we can use a Terzaghi's loosening load. In this case, the study about a way to adopt an appropriate safety rate is necessary

Genotypic and Geographical Variations of β-amylase Isozyme in Soybean Land Races by Isoelectric Focusing (IEF)

Mun Sup Yoon,Jong Woong Ahn,Jung Hoon Kang,Hyung Jin Baek,Nam Kyu Park,Young Deok Rho 韓國作物學會 2000 Korean journal of crop science Vol.45 No.2

The experiment was carried out to study the variations and geographical distribution of β -amylase isozyme by isoelectric focusing (IEF) within Korean, Chinese and Japanese soybean land races. In pH 3-10 gel of IEF, the amylase of soybean accessions was separated into low pI group isozymes (TEX>Sp1 b) and high pI group isozymes(Sp1 a). In pH4-6.5 gel, isoelectric points were at 5.07, 5.15, 5.25, 5.40, and 5.94, and h, j, and k bands also were found. The distribution of Sp1 a allele (high pI type) was 29.3% in soybean accessions from Korea, 10.1 % in those from China, and 6.9% in Japanese accessions. The percentage of Sp1 a) allele was the highest in soybean accessions from Kyungsang province (35 %) in Korea, then central China (32 %) in China, and Honshu (10%) in Japan