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명기범 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1989 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.12 No.4
Cosmetics that are moderately to strongly comedogenic in the rabbit ear model test have been found to be capable of inducing comedones in human model. In humans the test cosmetics were applied under occlusion for 4 weeks to the scapular region of young adults. The degree of follicular hyperkeratosis was assessed by a noninvasive skin surface biopsy technique, employing a fast-setting cyanoacrylate adhesive to remove the follicular content. The rabbit model was more sensitive than the human. The test materials were applied once every day for 2 weeks onto the ventral surface of ear just external to ear canal. Excised tissue was thus immeresd in water at 60℃ for 2 minutes, yielding a sheet of epidermis with microcomedones attached. The magnitude of follicular hyperkeratosis was assessed under the stereomicroscope. High correlation between assay results of comedogenicity in humans and rabbits was found. So, it was concluded that rabbit ear assay is a simple and rapid method to assess the comedogenicity of cosmetics and other contactants.
명기범 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1989 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.12 No.3
A study was made on 1,210 cases of skin tumors which were diagnosed by histopathologic examination during the periods of 14 years and 6 months from January, 1975 to June, 1989 at Department of Dermatology, Ewha Womans University Hospital in Seoul. The results were summerized as follow ; 1) The 1,210 cases of skin tumors consisted of 1,020 cases(84.3%) of benign and 190 cases(15.7%) of malignant tumors, and male to female ratio was 1: 1.4. 2) Male to female ratio for benign tumors was 1:1.6 and for malignant tumors 1.3:1. 3) Among 1,020 cases of benign tumors, 257 cases(25.2%) originated from epidermis, 213 cases(20.9%) from melanocyte, 134 cases(13.1%) from epidermal appendages, 107 cases(10.5%) from fibrous tissue, 86 cases(8.4%) from vessel, 59 cases(5.8%) from nerve, 30 cases(2.9%) from fat tissue, 10 cases(1.0%) from smooth muscle and 126 cases(12.4%) from others. 4) Among 1,020 cases of benign tumors, the most frequent tumor was syringoma(69 cases) which was followed by epidermal cyst(67 cases), epidermal nevus(58 cases). seborrheic keratosis(58 cases), urticaria pigmentosa(52 cases), neurofibromatosis(50 cases). intradermal nevus(42 cases), pyogenic granuloma(39 cases), acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules(37 cases) and others(530 cases) 5) The predilection sites were face(82.6%) in syringoma, head(40.3%) in epidermal cyst, extremities(41.4%) in epidermal nevus, face(60.3%) in seborrheic keratosis, trunk(78.8%) and extremities (73.1%) in urticaria pigmentosa, trunk and extremities(100%) in neurofibromatosis, face(40.5%) in intradermal nevus, extremities(43.6%) in pyogenic granuloma. 6) Among 190 cases of malignant tumors, 57 cases(30.0%) of basal cell carcinoma, 47 cases(24.7%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 17 cases(8.9%) of malignant melanoma, 15 cases(7.9%) of Bowen's disease, 15 cases(8.9%) of Paget's disease, 11 cases(5.8%) of mycosis fungoides, 10 cases(5.3%) of metastatic cancers and 16 cases(8.4%) of others were observed. 7) The average ages of patients with malignancies were 55.6 years in basal cell carcinoma, 56.2 years in squamous cell carcinoma, 54.4 years in malignant melanoma, 58.1 years in Bowen's disease, 58.2 years in Paget's disease, 57.8 years in mycosis fungoides, 53.3 years in metastatic cancers. 8) The predilection sites were face(93.0%) in basal cell carcinoma, head(51.5%) in squamous cell carcinoma, soles(52.9%) in malignant melanoma, tnunk(33.3%) in Bowen's disease, penis(60.0%) in extramammary Paget's disease, trunk and extremities(81.8%) in mycosis fungoides, trunk(60.0%) in metastatic cancers. 9) Among 10 cases of cutaneous metastatic cancers, primary sites were stomach in 4 cases, lung in 1 cases and unknown in 5 cases.