정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

PVDF 및 P(VDF-TrFE)를 이용한 고주파수 수침용 초음파 탐촉자 개발 및 평가

김기복,김병극,이승석 한국비파괴검사학회 2002 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.22 No.1

PVDF 및 P(VDF-TrFE) 고분자 압전박막을 이용하여 고주파수 수침용 초음파 탐촉자를 제작한 다음 그 특성을 비교 ㆍ 평가하였다. 탐촉자와 탐상기 사이의 신호전송용 동축케이블의 길이가 고주파수 초음파 검출장에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 초음파 빔의 초점이 형성되는 반사체가 편평할수록 고주파수 초음파 검출장은 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며 3mm 직경의 PVDF 탐촉자의 경우 0.5mm 강구에서 약 100MHz의 광대역 고주파수 초음파 검출장을 형성하였다. PVDF와 P(VDF-TrFE) 탐촉자를 비교한 결과 반사신호의 피크 값과 빔 폭은 P(VDF-TrFE)가 PVDF 보다 크게 나타났으나 고주파수 초음파 검출장은 PVDF가 P(VDF-TrFE)보다 광대역 특정을 나타내었다. 개발된 3mm 직경의 PVDF 탐촉자를 이용하여 표면의 깊이균열 크기가 30∼100μm인 수소유기균열(HIC) 강재 시편을 C-scan한 결과 고감도의 분해능으로 미세 균열의 검출이 가능하였다. The high frequency ultrasonic transducers using polyvinyliden fluoride(PVDF) and polyvinylidene fluoride trifluorethyylene (P(VDF-TrFE) were developed. The characteristics of fabricated high frequency ultrasonic transducer such as beam diameter, high frequency ultrasonic detection field and amplitude of the first pulse echo signal from the test target in the water were analyzed. The high frequency ultrasonic detection field was affected by the length of coaxial cable between high frequency transducer and ultrasonic pulser/receiver. As the size of the test target increased, the high frequency detection field decreased and the amplitude of a reflection signal increased. The peak amplitude of the first pulse echo signal of P(VDF-TrFE) transducer was higher than that of PVDF transducer. The high frequency ultrasonic detection field of PVDF transducer was wider than that of P(VDF-TrFE) transducer. With C-scan testing, the developed high frequency ultrasonic transducer could detect the 30 to 100㎛ of hydrogen induced crack of steel specimen by C-scan testing.

RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

김병수,박상래,김기세,송인춘 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.12 No.2

As the use of hot water in multifamily housing in Korea increases, it is desirable to apply solar hot water(SHW) system into apartments to save energy used for hot water. The study aims to evaluate the energy saving sffect of the solar hot water collectors in multifamily housing. First, the energy costs for hot water in selected 31 pyung apartment were surveyed. Actual SHW system were installed and then the their performance in terms of water temperature and flow rate was monitored. Form the survey and the experiment it found that the use of the solar hot water system applied in the apartments contributes to the enegy saving ofabout over 10%

지체장애 아동의 놀이 환경 기본 계획에 관한 연구

김영은,강병근,성기창,이건하 한국의료복지시설학회 2003 의료·복지 건축 Vol.9 No.2

The elements of a medium for gathering the able bodied and the disable bodied children are examined within the scope of this study. Starting from the importance of play for the children, the characteristics and the properties of middle childhood are closen as domain. This study showed that though most of the playground sites were accessible to Physically disabled Children, and were safety. For Physically disabled Children. the opportunities to play in a play area depend largely on the accessibility of the facilities. this study also explored the play experience of children with disability. The play spaces and the playgrounds including the equipment are examined. The results of study suggest there be creatived planning items in terms of accessibility and domain, which in detail. are summarized in following six points: Accessibility. Barrier-free. convenience, movement, safety. domain. A guideline on the design of an accessible & safety playground for Physically disabled Children should be made.

품질기능 및 비용 전개를 위한 소프트웨어 Tool 개발

김정식,장현수,이병기 명지대학교 대학원 1997 대학원논문집 Vol.1 No.-

QFD is a method for supporting product planning and development processes. This method enables to specify clearly the customer's needs and then evaluate the product capability in terms of its impact on meeting those needs, The QFD process involves constructing the HoQ matrix which consists of the customer requirements, the engineering characteristics to meet those requirements, and the evaluation factors in the planning matrix. The QFD often produces different results according to each evaluation factor in the matrix. Therefore, am integrating technique is required to solve the problem. This paper provides the technique which integrates the QFD analysis results due to different evaluation factors. The technique also considers the production cost as an evaluation factor to help produce an economical solution. Finally, a software tool for supporting the comprehensive QFD process is developed and implemented using the Visual Basic of Microsoft Excel.

γ-선 조사에 의한 연신된 선형저밀도 Polyethylene의 열자극 전류

김영전,이기선,이종규,고병준 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1986 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.2

We observed three TSC peaks at the temperature of 33℃, 42℃ and 58℃ from linear low density polyethylene which had been excited by γ-ray or electric field . Especially further experiment on elongated sample showed that the peak at 42 ℃ increased until the draw ratio reached 200%, but decreased above 200%. These peaks are closely related to the traps of the crystalline, amorphous and crystal interfacial regions. As a result of elongation non-uniformity of molecular chains caused physical cavities at the crystal interfacial region. Therefore the depth of the trap changed and the rate of the release of the carriers were increased. Because of the elongation the splitted phenomena of the lamellae structure of the sample has been suggested by the infrared absorption spectra of the elongated linear low density polyethylene film at the room temperature.

지하철 역사 승강장의 스크린도어 도입에 관한 연구

김상운,성기창,강병근 한국의료복지시설학회 2004 의료·복지 건축 Vol.10 No.2

In this paper, the problem of subway platform is analyzed and the alternative as a screen door is suggested. This paper aims to improve the facility law in subway platform. Because facility law related to platform is absent, the study scope is limited to detail design that is matched to rules. Field survey is performed to 300 persons that are 150 men and 150 women in Shingil station in which the screen door is established. Also the persons are used the screen door at least 3 times. It makes the field survey credible. The study is proceeded as follows ; First, the law related to platform, the problem of platform, and the plan and status of screen door are analyzed. Second, the definition, and composition of screen door are examined. Then, kinds of screen door is analyzed and the advantage and disadvantage of each kind of screen door are compared. Third, the necessity of establishing the, screen door is examined through field survey and error range of stop position is investigated. Through this flow, final results is abstracted. Direction of facility related to subway platform, applied objective and range are suggested based on this study. This study focuses the stability of platform, pleasantness, and energy saving and suggests facility improvement direction through introducing the screen door and further study.

비혈연간 골수이식 후 무균실에서 발생한 마이코플라즈마 폐렴 1예

김병주,김효정,배기수,김문규 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2002 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.7 No.1

마이코플라즈마 폐렴은 학동기에 호발하는 유행성 폐렴으로 골수 이식과 관련되어 보고된 문헌이 거의 없으며 골수 이식과 관련한 호흡기증상 발현 시 대부분의 경우에는 기회감염성 폐렴만을 고려하게 된다. 저자들은 본원에서 연소성 골수단구성 백혈병을 진단 받고 비혈연간 골수이식술을 시행 받은 이후 폐렴증상을 보인 7세된 남자 환아 1예를 경험하였으며, 흉부 X-ray 및 급성기의 혈청 내 마이코플라즈마 특이항체를 검사함으로써 마이코플라즈마 폐렴을 확진할 수 있었고 roxithromycin 투여 후에 증상의 호전을 관찰하였다. 따라서 본 증례를 통하여 골수이식 후 면역억제 중 발생하는 호흡기 감염 시 잘 알려져 있는 CMV peumonitis 및 pneumocystis carinii pneumonia 외에 아직 골수이식과 관련된 정확한 병인은 알려져 있지 않으나 마이코플라즈마 폐렴에 대한 고려도 필요할 것으로 생각한다. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most common etiological agent causing community acquired interstitial pneumonia. The pathophysiologic mechanism of the disease is based on a unique gliding motility, adhesion to respiratory epithelial cells and the induction of a pathological hyperstimulation of cellular response mechanism of the host in addition to the direct invasion. We reported a 7-year-old child with mycoplasma pneumonia after undergoing unrelated bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). He developed severe productive cough and dyspnea about three weeks after UBMT. After serologic study of acute and convalescent phase, mycoplasma pneumonia was confirmed and respiratory symptoms was improved after roxithromycin therapy. Because he was reversibly isolated and had no contact with community, there was a possibility of endogeneous reactivation. This case suggests that when the bone marrow transplant recipient manifests respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea, mycoplasma pneumonia should be included as one of the possible causative disease in addition to CMV pneumonitis or pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

신경회로망을 이용한 Kinematic 제어에 관한 연구

김정태,이창기,전병실 전북대학교 전자산업개발연구소 1990 전자산업연구 Vol.1 No.-

In this paper we employ feed-forward multi-layered perceptron model with back-propagation for the robot manipulator position control. We obtain accurate dat from manipulator Kinematics solution give and effector trajectory and train neural network for generation of fairly accurate desired output values. We show that relation between the actual angle and desired angle are linear through the simula-tion.

여가활동 유형이 여가만족에 미치는 영향

김의영,김의영,김영숙,윤대중,이병기 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2002 武道硏究所誌 Vol.13 No.1

This research is designed to make a comparative analysis of the types of leisure activities and the degree of leisure satisfaction by demographic background variable and to present basic materials necessary for the development of programs for local policies on leisure in accordance with the local autonomous system with a view to determining the relationship between leisure and life satisfaction by type of leisure activity. The following are the findings. First, the survey on testing the difference of leisure satisfaction by gender failed to test the difference in psychological and physiological satisfaction, but there were a statistically significant difference in educational, social and relaxation satisfaction at a level of 1 percent. And the survey failed to test the difference in psychological satisfaction by age, but there was a statistically significant difference in leisure satisfaction by society, education, job, monthly income, and health. Second, the survey on the influences of the types of leisure activities on leisure satisfaction revealed that there was a statistically significant influences in all the subordinate variables of leisure satisfaction.