원불교의 성소수자 사회적 수용

김영전,강지숙,전상현 원광대학교 원불교사상연구원 2023 원불교사상과 종교문화 Vol.97 No.-

본 연구는 원불교 구성원의 인식조사를 통해 성소수자에 대한 포용 수준을 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 포용 수준에 대한 설문은 일상에서의 성소수자 포용, 원불교 구성원으로서의 성소수자 수용, 동성애자의 원불교 지도인(교당대표, 담임교무)수용의 3단계로 구성하였다. 2021년 11월부터2022년 1월까지 온 · 오프라인 설문조사를 통해 얻은 총 635개의 응답 결과를 분석하였다. 일반적 성소수자 인식은 2021년 한국사회 조사결과와 비교하였다. 원불교 맥락에서의 성소수자수용은 동의여부 혹은 응답지의 유사의견을 고르도록 하여 답변의 빈도와 비율을 표기하였다. 설문결과 첫째, 일반적인 인식은 2021년도 한국인 대상의 설문과 비교할 때, 원불교인의 성소수자 수용도가 20% 가량 더 높았다. 동성애커플의 결혼과 입양에 대한 의견도 한국사회와 다르게 찬성이 반대보다 많았다. 지인의 커밍아웃에 대한 의견은 반대보다 수용이 두 배가 높다. 둘째, 원불교 구성원으로서의 성소수자 수용은 ‘교법가치훼손’, ‘전무출신 자격미달’, ‘교단대표 지도인 불가’, ‘동료 교도로 법회 거부’, ‘교당 교무부임의 불가’의 부정 항목에 60%~70%의 응답자가 ‘그렇지 않다’고 답하였다. 동시에 응답자들의 60~70%는 교단이 성소수자에 대한 준비가 부족하다고 답하였다. 셋째, 동성애자임을 밝힌 출가 서원자와 교도에 대한 의사결정이 본인이 책임자라면 그들을 차별없이 출가하게 하고 (63%), 차별없이 교화하겠다고(71%) 고 답하였다. 원불교 구성원의 성소수자에 대한 사회적 수용은 일반 사회에비해 매우 높은 수준이다. 그러나 아직 교단은 이를 수용할 준비가 부족한 상황으로 인식과 현실의 차이가 확인된다. 향후 성소수자 출가를 준비하고, 성소수자 교화를 확대하기 위한 원불교 교단의 관심과 적극적인 노력이 필요하다. The purpose of this study is to examine the level of social inclusion for sexual minorities among members of Wo n -Buddhism through a perception survey. To assess the level of social inclusion, the survey was divided into three stages: acceptance of sexual minorities in general, acceptance of sexual minorities as members of the Wo n -Buddhism community, and acceptance of openly homosexuality individuals as leaders within Wo n -Buddhism. A total of 635 responses collected from both online and offline surveys conducted from November 2021 to January 2022 were analyzed. First, the general perception of sexual minorities among members of Wo n -Buddhism was around 20% higher compared to the 2021 survey of the general Korean population. Opinions regarding same-sex couples' marriage and adoption also differed from the broader Korean societal survey, with more respondents expressing support than opposition. Acceptance of a acquaintance‘ coming out is twice as high as opposition. Secondly, the acceptance of sexual minorities as members of Wo n Buddhism was assessed with regard to negative factors such as 'violating Buddhist principles,' 'lacking qualifications,' 'unsuitability for leadership,' 'refusal of fellow believer,’ with 60% to 70% of respondents answering 'not true.' Third, when it came to ordained monastics and practitioners who openly identified as homosexual, respondents overwhelmingly chose options such as 'equal ordination decision' (63%) and 'equal practice activities' (71%). The social acceptance of sexual minorities among members of Wo n Buddhism is significantly higher than in mainstream society. However, the organization itself is not yet fully prepared to actively embrace this acceptance. Efforts within the Wo n Buddhist community are needed to eliminate discrimination and promote conversion and ordination without bias against sexual minorities. Regarding the seven criteria for restricting sexual minorities within Wo n -Buddhism, opinions that sexual minorities' activities do not conflict with the teachings ranged from 60% to 70% for each criterion. Around 60% of respondents felt that the Wo n -Buddhist community was not adequately prepared for dealing with the issues of sexual minorities and integration with the monastic order. While general acceptance of sexual minorities among the members of the Wo n - Buddhist community was very high, actual acceptance within the context of the religious order appeared to be lower when compared to the general acceptance rates. There was a more limited acceptance of sexual minorities when it came to roles and qualifications for monastic ordination and temple leadership. The issues of integrating sexual minorities into the monastic order and temple leadership are pressing concerns. There is a need for analysis to understand the discrepancy between perceived acceptance and actual application, and discussions and agreements within the religious order are required at this juncture.

자본자유화의 효과와 추진방향

김영전 서울대학교 경영대학 1988 經營評論 Vol.6 No.-

의학교육에서의 역량기반교육의 가능성과 한계 탐색

김영전,임철일,Kim, Young Jon,Lim, Cheol Il 연세대학교 의과대학 2011 의학교육논단 Vol.13 No.1

Competency and competency-based education are topics of great interest to educators and administrators at most stages of undergraduate and postgraduate medical training. A competency-based approach in medical setting has been valued as a more effective way to strengthen learners' performance compared to the traditional education program. This article aims to explore theoretical and practical possibilities and limitations of competency-based medical education. We approached the topic in 3 gradual steps: the comprehension of background of competency-based education, the conceptual understanding of competency in professional education, and the exploration of possibilities and limitations of competency-based medical education. The last step of analysis was performed in three dimensions: educational objectives, references to judge performance, and performance evaluation criteria. In conclusion, we suggest 4 factors which need to be considered to implement a competency-based medical education.

벤처기업의 성공요인에 관한 연구

김영전 경영행정대학원 1997 최고경영자과정 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

γ-선 조사에 의한 연신된 선형저밀도 Polyethylene의 열자극 전류

김영전,이기선,이종규,고병준 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1986 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.2

We observed three TSC peaks at the temperature of 33℃, 42℃ and 58℃ from linear low density polyethylene which had been excited by γ-ray or electric field . Especially further experiment on elongated sample showed that the peak at 42 ℃ increased until the draw ratio reached 200%, but decreased above 200%. These peaks are closely related to the traps of the crystalline, amorphous and crystal interfacial regions. As a result of elongation non-uniformity of molecular chains caused physical cavities at the crystal interfacial region. Therefore the depth of the trap changed and the rate of the release of the carriers were increased. Because of the elongation the splitted phenomena of the lamellae structure of the sample has been suggested by the infrared absorption spectra of the elongated linear low density polyethylene film at the room temperature.

Co -60감마선 조사에 의한 Polyethylene의 적외선 스펙트럼 분석

김영전 陸軍士官學校 1970 한국군사학논집 Vol.8 No.-

저밀도 Polyeehylene의 순수한 film에 강도 600Ci의 Co-60 r선을 조사한 후 적외선 파장 2μ(5000cm^-1)~15μ(667cm^-1) 영역에서 적외선 Spectrum을 얻어 Brockes 및 Kaiser 등이 전자선 조사로 실험한 결과와 비교하고 또 육안으로 나타나는 현상을 관찰하였다. r선 조사 결과로서 2.9u의 OH흡수대와 5.8μ의 C=0흡수대가 현저하게 나타났으며 이는 시료가 얇고 장시간에 걸쳐서 공기중에서 조사한데 원인이 있다고 볼 수 있으며 산소 영향의 증대에 의한다. 11.00μ의 Vinyl기의 흡수대는 대단히 약해져서 거의 인정하기 곤란하나 10.3μ에 C=C에 의한 Band가 나타났으며 7~12μ영역의 Background 흡수가 현저하였다. 적외선 Spectrum에 현저한 Band변화와 착색변화를 일으키는 데는 선량률의 108rad 이상이라야 볼 수 있었다. 상기한 C=0흡수대와 OH흡수대는 Brockes와 Kaiser가 보고한 전자선 조사의 경우와 일치하며 이 산화효과는 Vacuum Cell중에서 조사한 시료의 Spectrum과 비교함으로써 입증되었다. 본 연구는 원자로 방사선을 조사한 Polyethylene의 적외선 Spectrum과 비교해보고 또한 Polyethylene의 물리적 성질중 Semiconductor로서의 전기 전도율 및 광학적 성질을 연구하는 일련의 계획 중 일단계 실험으로서 원자 결합을 기반으로 한 해석을 주로 Brockes 및 Kaiser의 연구결과와 비교하면서 수행하였다.

일차 진료의사의 학습 현상

김영전 한국의학교육학회 2015 Korean journal of medical education Vol.27 No.3

Purpose: This study analyzed the learning characteristics of primary care physicians that are necessary to develop proper educational support systems in continuing medical education. Methods: The research participants were 15 physicians with an average of 8 years of experience in primary care clinics. The data were collected through in-person interviews with each participant and analyzed by keyword coding, expert review, and content elaboration. Results: The learning styles of primary care physicians were classified as “reactive,” “organized,” and “exploratory,” according to their problem-solving approaches in clinics. The types of learning interaction were “unilateral acquisition,” “mutual exchange,” and “organization participation.” The primary motives of learning in clinics were the primary care physicians' recognition of accountability and the intrinsic enjoyment of learning itself. Conclusion: For continuous professional development—i.e., the self-directed learning of primary care physicians with problemsolving approaches—learning interactions in professional communities should be considered in continuing educational support systems.

소아의급성사구체신염

김영전 釜山醫師會 1979 釜山醫師會誌 Vol.15 No.1

Polyethylene film의 열자극 전류와 열 Iuminescence에 의한 전도기구

김영전,장충근,이종규 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1989 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.1

In order to investigate the nature and the origins of carrier trap in linear low density polyethylene. thermally stimulated Current(TSC) and thermoluminescence(TL) were investigated simultaneously by X-ray irradiation and electric field excitation in the temperature range 115∼350K. From the analysis of experimental curves and relaxation processes, the most of TSC and TL peaks well correspond to the onset of molecular motion. The peak due to the release of electron(holes) from traps formed by the polyethylene chain themselves were suggested. The main kinetic parameters related to a TL curve and the trapping parameters from TSC were evaluated by using the numerical curve fitting method. Considering the modified energy band model of amorphous, the trap energy level diagram of linear low density polyethylene was obtained.

γ―선 조사에 의한 연신된 선형저밀도 Polyethylene의 열자극 전류

김영전,이기선,이종규,고병준 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 연구논문집 Vol.7 No.-

실온 이상의 온도에서 γ-선이나 전기장으로 여기된 선형저밀도 Polyethylene에서 3개의 TSC Peak가 33℃, 42℃ 및 58℃에서 생겼다. 연신된 시료의 실험에서 특히 Peak 42℃는 연신비 200%까지는 증가하였다. 그러나 200%를 넘어서는 오히려 감소하였다. 이들 Peak는 결정영역과 비결정영역 및 결정계면영역의 trap에 관계된다고 본다. 즉 연산에 의해 분자사슬이 고르지 않음에 따라 "Physical cavity"가 결정계면에 생겨서 trap의 깊이가 변하고 Carrier의 해방이 촉진된다. 또 연신으로 인한 시료의 lamellae구조의 부분이 쪼개지는 현상이 생기며 이것은 실온에서 연신된 선형저밀도 Polyethylene의 적외선 흡수 apectra에 의해서 암시된다. We observed three TSC peaks at the temperature of 33℃, 42℃ and 58℃ from linear low density polyethylene which had been excited by γ-ray or electric field. Especially further experiment on elongated sample showed that the peak at 42℃ increased until the draw ratio reached 200%, but decreased above 200%. These peaks are closely related to the traps of the crystalline, amorphous and crystal interfacial regions. As a result of elongation non-uniformity of molecular chains caused physical cavities at the crystal interfacial region. Therefore the depth of the trap changed and the rate of the release of the carriers were increased. Because of the elongation the splitted phenomena of the lamellae structure of the sample has been suggested by the infrared absorption spectra of the elongated linear low density polyethylene film at the room temperature.