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김병극,조윤래 한국응용생명화학회 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.5
A microorganism for biological control of sludge bulking was isolated from soil. The isolated microorganism was able to degrade the sheath of the Sphaerotilus natans causing a bulking of activated sludge. The isolated strain, FK3, was identified as a Terrabacter species by analysis of its 16S rRNA genetic sequence. Glucose (0.1%, w/v) and 0.1% yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, were used in the medium for Terrabacter sp. FK3 growth and enzyme production. Sheath-degrading crude enzyme was purified from a Terrabacter sp. FK3 culture broth via ultrafiltration, followed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Although the enzyme activity was optimal at pH 8 and 30oC, the enzyme maintained stable activity below 50oC and in the pH range from 5-10. Sheath-degrading enzyme activity was accelerated by addition of Mg2+, Ca2+,and Fe2+, but inhibited by addition of Ag2+ or Hg2+. Catalysis was additionally promoted by addition of hydroxyurea, sodium azide, and iodoacetic acid, but inhibited by EDTA.
김병극,오성진,전동운,김경회,양주영 대한심장학회 2007 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.37 No.3
Background and Objectives:Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) can be useful for assessing the causes of in-stentrestenosis (ISR) after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation. We used IVUS to evaluate the causes of ISRafter SES implantation. Subjects and Methods:SES implantation was performed in 502 patients with 670coronary lesions. Of these patients, 27 patients had angiographic ISR in 28 lesions. We evaluated the patterns ofISR and we wanted to elucidate the possible mechanism of ISR after SES implantation with using IVUS analysis.Results:The ISR pattern was focal in 26 lesions, and diffuse in 2 lesions, including 1 total occlusion. Whenanalyzing the 21 IVUS-applicable lesions, stent underexpansion [the minimal stent cross-sectional area (CSA) was<5 mm2 and it was <4.5 mm2 in the cases of small coronary arteries (reference vessel diameter <2.8 mm)] wasobserved in 10 lesions (48%). Stent fracture (defined as non-visualization of the struts on IVUS at the restenoticsegments) and edge restenosis was identified in the 3 (14%) and 3 lesions (14%), respectively. Except for edgestenosis, stent underexpansion was observed in 55% of the intra-stent restenotic lesions and it was more prominentin the small coronary arteries (7/8 small coronary artery lesions). Stent underexpansion, stent fracture oredge restenosis were not related to the 7 ISR lesions (33%) in which profound intimal hyperplasia within thestent occurred. Conclusion:Our observation of ISR after SES implantation with using IVUS showed that mostISR lesions have mechanical problems, especially stent underexpansion. However, one third of the ISR lesionswere associated with profound intimal hyperplasia within the stent. (Korean Circulation J 2007;37:58-63)
김병극,홍명기,김중선,박준범,고영국,최동훈,장양수 연세대학교의과대학 2012 Yonsei medical journal Vol.53 No.3
Purpose: There is a lack of sufficient data in comparison of optical coherence tomographic (OCT) findings between first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES). Compared to first-generation (i.e., sirolimus- or paclitaxel-eluting stents), second-generation DESs (i.e., everolimus- or biolinx-based zotarolimus-eluting stents) might have more favorable neointimal coverage. Materials and Methods: Follow-up OCT findings of 103 patients (119 lesions) treated with second-generation DESs were compared with those of 139 patients (149 lesions) treated with first-generation DESs. The percentage of uncovered or malapposed struts, calculated as the ratio of uncovered or malapposed struts to total struts in all OCT cross-sections, respectively, was compared between the two groups. Results: Both DES groups showed similar suppression of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) on OCT (mean NIH cross-sectional area; second- vs. first-generation=1.1±0.5 versus 1.2±1.0 mm2, respectively, p=0.547). However, the percentage of uncovered struts of second-generation DESs was significantly smaller than that of first-generation DESs (3.8±4.8% vs.7.5±11.1%, respectively, p<0.001). The percentage of malapposed struts was also significantly smaller in second-generation DESs than in first-generation DESs (0.4±1.6% vs.1.4±3.7%, respectively, p=0.005). In addition, intra-stent thrombi were less frequently detected in second-generations DESs than in first-generation DESs (8% vs. 20%, respectively, p=0.004). Conclusion: This follow-up OCT study showed that second-generation DESs characteristically had greater neointimal coverage than first-generation DESs.
김병극,고영국,오승진,김중선,강웅철,전동운,양주영,최동훈,홍명기,안태훈,장양수 연세대학교의과대학 2010 Yonsei medical journal Vol.51 No.6
Purpose: Previous studies suggested that asymmetric stent expansion did not affect suppression of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) after sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) implantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of stent eccentricity (SE) on NIH between SES versus paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES)using an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis from the randomized trial. Materials and Methods: Serial IVUS data were obtained from Post-stent Optimal Expansion (POET) trial, allocated randomly to SES or PES. Three different SE (minimum stent diameter divided by maximum stent diameter) were evaluated;SE at the lesion site with maximal %NIH area (SE-NIH), SE at the minimal stent CSA [SE-minimal stent area (SE-MSA)], and averaged SE through the entire stent (SE-mean). We classified each drug-eluting stents (DES) into the concentric (≥ mean SE) and eccentric groups (< mean SE) based on the mean value of SE. Results: Among 301 enrolled patients, 233 patients [SES (n = 108), PES (n =125)] underwent a follow-up IVUS. There was no significant correlation between %NIH area and SE-NIH (r = - 0.083, p = 0.391) or SE-MSA (r = - 0.109, p =0.259) of SES. However, SE-NIH of PES showed a weak but significant correlation with %NIH area (r = 0.269, p < 0.01). As to the associations between SEmean and NIH volume index, SES revealed no significant correlation (r = - 0.001,p = 0.990), but PES showed a weak but significant correlation (r = 0.320, p <0.01). However, there was no difference in the restenosis rate between the eccentric versus concentric groups of both DES. Conclusion: This study suggests that lower SE of both SES and PES, which means asymmetric stent expansion, may not be associated with increased NIH.