정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk

Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6

Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.

Wire Saw 슬러리로부터 Si, SiC 분리 및 제올라이트 합성에 대한 연구

한승열,이종대,박노국,이태진,류시옥 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1

This study was focused on the separation of Si and from Wire Saw Slurry in Wire Saw Slicing process and synthesis of zeolite by mixing with water glass obtained from its process and Alumina. In order to separate Si and SiC from Wire Saw Slurry, Alkai disslution was used and then Na₂O showed superior dissoluble property of Si. At this time, SiC was separated as powder from Alkali apueous solution. Si was dissolved as a liquid in Alkali aqueous solution. After removing SiC powder, the powder formed was obtained from drying. Alkali aqueous solution and then it was the water glass (Na₂SiO₃)confirmed by XRD analysis. Water glass (Na₂SiO₃) and Alumina mixed with pure water made as a synthesis of zeolite through the crystallization by aging and hydrothermal reaction. The manufactured zeolite was Sodium Aluminum Silicate Hydrate confirmed by XRD analysis.

單症性 健康念慮症의 臨床經驗

韓辰熙,柳太烈,趙伯紀,李鍾六 서울醫大 1990 精神醫學 Vol.15 No.2

색누설 오차보정을 사용한 LCD와 CRT의 동일색 재현

한찬호,윤태진,장주석 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.5 No.1(B)

Recently, PC monitor users have been replacing cathode ray tubes (CRT) with liquid crystal displays (LCD). But the chromaticity of the primaries are dependent on RGB input signals. And the colorimetry of LCD changes with gray scale and has a poor performance in color reproduction. In this paper we propose the enhanced algorithm of color reproduction considering color leakage error and black subpixel error in LCD. In order to test performance of this algorithm we use the colors of Macbeth colorcheck. As a result of experiments, it was confirmed that the color difference of the LCD using the proposed algorithm was considerably reduced.

관찰학습 과정에서 모델시범 능력변인 수용에 대한 이론적 접근

한태준,조진규 경성대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of present study was to investigate the effects of model's demonstration abilities through analysis of the related theories and earlier studies on observational learning. Therefore, the kernel interest of present study was to present the approach methods about acceptance of model's demonstration abilities on the observational learning variables. The present study achieved the following conclusion by analysis of the related theories and the earlier studies on observational learning 1. In the cognitive acceptance situation of the observers about model's demonstration abilities, unskilled modeling is effective as well as excellent modeling. 2. Such observational learning conditions as observation methods are critical variable which can overcome the demonstration abilities of unskilled models. In other words, there are the interaction effects between model's demonstration abilities and observational learning methods conditions. In conclusion, observational learning conditions have to approach as interactive relationship between the cognitive development level of children and the methods of observational learning and model's demonstration abilities.

ATSC 비디오 테스트를 위한 최적화질 구현

한찬호,윤태진,장주석 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.5 No.1(B)

ATSC test pattern for evaluating the image quality of ATSC display system has high quality and high compression rate. In this paper, we implemented ATSC test pattern that has high quality and high compression rate by minimizing the number of DCT coefficients block data. To minimize this DCT coefficients, the proposed test pattern is optimized for partition of DCT block. To test variable image quality of ATSC display system, quantization error and display test pattern is included the ATSC test pattern.

Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O₂ 촉매를 이용한 Dimethyl Carbonate 합성에서 탈수제 첨가의 영향

한기보,전진혁,박노국,이종대,류시옥,이태진,이병권,안병성 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1

The effect of dehydrating agent in DMC(dimethyl carbonate) synthesis from methanol and carbon dioxide over Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O₂ catalyst was studied in this work. Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O₂ catalyst having the best activity among Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ catalysts was selected. We could supposed that the addition of dehydrating agents improved the DMC yield by H₂O elimination. When the dehydrating agents such as Na_(2)SO₄ or K₂SO₄ was added into the synthesis of DMC, the formation amount of DMC increased to about 0.8∼0.9 mmol through the elimination of formed H₂O as by-product.

고관절 운동 방법에 따른 20대 성인의 허리 유연성 비교

한진태,유재응 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2007 再活科學硏究 Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study is to know what is the efficient exercise and to determine the most efficient exercise in lumbar flexibility. Therefore, in this experiment, three hip joint flexion exercises were carried out in order to see which improves the most in lumbar flexibility. The test was carried out with E university students divided in three groups, Group A: hip flexion and knee extension with supine, Group B: hip flexion and knee flexion with supine and Group C: hip flexion and knee extension with sitting- each group consisted of 13 people and everyone participated in doing the warming-up exercise, main exercise and cool-down exercise which lasted about 20 minutes and this program was done 5 times a week during the period of 6 weeks. To find out the results, we did the sit and reach test using T.K.K.4308B of Japan. We measured the results once a week and in total 8 times including initial and last measurement. The result of this study showed that each exercise method applied in each group contributed in improving lumbar flexibility. The following results show the improvement in lumbar flexibility. According to this study, Group C(T=-14.305, P=.000) had the highest degree of flexibility improvement followed by Group A(T=-10.343, P=.000) and then Group B(T=-12.012,P=.000). This study showed that the hip joint flexion exercise of these three groups have a positive effect on lumbar flexibility improvement. Furthermore, it has been proved from the study that the best among the three methods in increasing the lumbar flexibility is the exercise done by Group C.The purpose of this study is to verify the difference of effect between group and period in order to find out effect on lumbar flexibility of treatment modality(stretching, heat - stretching) and period. The subject was chosen from the mild physically normal person who range from 20 to 40 years old without any neurological problem. 본 연구는 대학생들을 대상으로 유연성 향상을 위한 여러 가지 방법 중 임상에서 주로 사용되어지는 고관절 굴곡 운동 방법을 3가지로 나누어 6주간 실시한 후 앉아 윗몸 앞으로 굽히기(Sit-and-Reach Test)로 측정 비교하여 어느 운동이 허리 유연성에 더 많은 영향을 주는지를 알아보고, 그 효과의 차이를 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 총 39명의 대학생을 대상으로 13명씩 세 그룹으로 나누어 6주간 실험을 실시하였으며 측정방법으로는 좌 전굴 측정계를 사용하여 운동전과 운동 후의 허리 유연성 변화를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 각 그룹에 적용된 각각의 운동 방법 모두 피 실험자들의 유연성 향상에 기여를 한다. 2. 세 그룹의 유연성 향상의 정도가 차이가 있고 유연성 향상 정도는 C그룹, A그룹, B그룹 순으로 향상 되었다. 이상의 결론을 종합해 보면 세 그룹의 고관절 굴곡운동은 허리유연성 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며 그 중 그룹 C의 Hip flexion and knee extension with sitting방법이 허리 유연성을 증가시키는데 가장 큰 효과를 보였다.

Simulated Moving Bed를 이용한 Bupivacaine의 키랄 분리(2)모사에 의한 최적 조건 결정

한순구,여미순,이중기,박태진,구윤모,노경호 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.6

본 연구에서는 경부외 마취제로 사용되고 있는 S-bupivacaine을 SMB를 이용하여 R-bupivacaine으로부터 분리하였다. 단일칼럼을 이용한 실험을 통해서 비선형 흡착평형식과 실험식으로부터 물질전달계수를 얻었다. PIM을 이용하여 얻은 경쟁 Langmuir 흡착평형식에서의 매개변수 a는 R-bupibacaine은 6.20, S-bupivacaine은 8.79 매개변수 b는 각기 0.364, 0.922 ml/mg이었다. 이 매개변수들은 상용 모사기에 적용되어 두 키랄물질을 분리하기 위한 최적조업조건을 얻었고, 실험적으로 확인하기 위해서 Kromasil® CHI-TBB로 충진된 1×10cm 칼럼이 2-2-2-2 구성으로 된 SMB를 이용하여 결과적으로 racemic bupivacaine을 98% 이상 고순도로 분리하였다. In this work, S-bupivacaine with the pharmacological activity of epidural anaesthesia was separated from R-bupi-vacaine by SMB (simulated moving bed). Nonlinear isotherm was suggested from the single column experiment and the mass transfer coefficient was obtained from an empirical equation. The parameters of a in competitive Langmuir adsorption equation empirically determined by PIM (pulsed input method) for R and S-bupibacaine were 6.20, 8.79 respectively, while those of b were 0.364,0.922 ㎖/㎈, respectively. These equilibrium and kinetic parameters were used by a commercially available simulator to find the optimum operating condition for resolving the two racemic mixtures. It was experimentally confirmed that based on these experimental conditions, the separation of bupivacaine enantiornery was successfully performed with the purity of more than 98% by SMB composed of eight column (2-2-2-2, 1×10㎝) packed with Kromasil CHI-TBB.