대동맥 협착증과 동반된 출혈성 위장관 동정맥 기형에서 Estrogen-Progesterone 치료 1예

김도연,김화정,김효정,남준식,박수영,박영미,신정은,주미순,황민규,정혜경,손혜영,이선영,이한주 大韓消化器內視鏡學會 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.부록2

억제대 적용지침 개발을 통한 불필요한 억제대 적용율 감소활동

곽경선,김성은,배은경,이은숙,이은혜,최윤정,이윤경 한국의료QA학회 2009 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.15 No.2

문제: 억제대 적용에 대한구체적 적용지침 없이 의례적으로 억제대를사용함으로 인해 환자들의 신체적 또는 정신적 안전을 위협할 수 있다. 목적: 완전 진정상태 이거나 근력이 약하여 발관능력이 없는 환자에 대한 예방적 적용, 바빠서 환자를볼수 없 는경우, 간호사본인의 판단이 없이 타인의 요구에 따르는등의 불필요한 억제대 적용이 증가하는 원인을 파악하여 중환자실의 특수성에 맞는 억제대 적용및 제거 지침을 마련하고자 한다. 의료기관: 인천광역시에 소재한 의과대학 소속병원의 집중치료실 개선효과: 억제대 적용에 대한중환자실 간호사에게 미치는 영향을 보면 태도 정도 p=0.09(p<0.1), 올바른 수행 능력은 p= 0.005 (p <0.0히로통계적으로유의한것으로 나타났다. 지식 정도 p=0.172(p<0.05) 통계적으로 유의 하지는 않지만 모든항목이 개선 활동전 에 비해 2,3차 개선 활동후에 향상한 것으로 나타났다. 개선활동전에 8.1%였던 간호 기록, 0.7%였던 간호중재, 0%였던 의사처방율이 3차 개선 활동 후 3가지 모두 100% 달성되었다. 이는 억제대 적용율 갑소 및 부적절한 억제대 적용율은 유의하게 감소하였다. 교훈: 중환자실 간호사의 억제대 적용에 대한태도, 지식, 올바른 간호 수행 능력은 지속적으로 재평가 되어지고, 교육내용은좀더 나은 간호제공을 위하여 개발 되어져야 할 것이다. 억제대 적용 기준과 제거 기준을 Check List 하여 객관성의 유지를 위한 개선 활동은계속적으로 Feedback 되어야 할 것이다.

일개 대학병원에서 2년동안 분리된 Escherichia coli의 항생제 내성 양상에 대한 조사

정혜원, 차은종, 김학순 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2013 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.23 No.2

연구목적: 여러 가지 지역사회 획득 감염증 및 병원 획득 감염증의 주요 원인균인 대장균 (Escherichia coli)의 항생제 내성 양상을 파악하는 것은, 감염성 질환의 치료제 권장 지침을 제시하 거나, 경험적 항생제 치료를 결정하는 데 중요한 자료가 된다. 대상 및 방법: 이 연구는 2011 ~ 2012년도에 충북대학교병원에서 분리된 대장균의 항생제 내성을 임상 검체, 환자의 임상적 특성에 따라 분석한 것이다. 미생물검사 전산 결과 및 환자 의무기록 검토를 통하여 자료를 조사하였다. 결과: 연구 기간동안 총 3233 균주의 대장균이 분리되었다. 균이 빈번하게 분리된 검체를 순서대로 살펴보면 소변, 혈액, 담즙, 농, 객담 및 기관 흡인액, 질 분비물, 복수, 관절액, 뇌척수액, 기타 검체 순이었다. 분리검체별, 나이 및 성별에 따른 대장균의 항생제 감수성 양상 (trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, quinolones, amikacin) 및 광범위 베타락탐 분해 효소 (ESBL) 생성 유무를 조사한 결과, 주로 소변과 혈액에서 배양된 균주가 객담이나 복수, 농, 에서 배양된 균주보다 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, quinolones 에 대하여 항생제 감수성 비율이 높았고, ESBL 생 성 균주 비율도 더 낮았다. 성별로는 여성 환자에서 분리된 균이 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amikacin 감수성 비율이 더 높았고 ESBL 생성 균주 비율은 낮았다. 65세 이상인 환자에서 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 감수성 비율이 65세 미만 환자보다 높았지만, quinolone계 항생 제에 대하는 오히려 내성률이 65세 미만 보다 유의하게 높았다. 결론: 이러한 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 심한 담도계 감염, 병원 획득 폐렴, 복막염 등의 경우 대장균의 quinolone 감수성이 50% 미만으로 나타나 초기 항생제 선택에 주의를 기울여야 할 것으로 보이며 요 로 감염의 경우 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole에 감수성이 확인된 경우라면 이 약제를 치료 약재 로 고려할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

방사선 치료를 받는 암 환자들의 사회적 지지와 삶의 질과의 관계

정주희,류소연,윤혜은,남택근,오윤경,안현옥,박계남,이영선 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Objective : This study was performed to investigate the relationship between social support and quality of life among cancer patients receiving radiation therapy. Matehals and Methods : The data were collected from 98 patients, who were receiving radiation therapy at two university hospitals located in GwangUJu, used by structured questionnaire. For statistical analyses of the association between quality of life and various characteristics, data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson 's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: 1. There were 56(57.1%) males and 42(42.9%) females. Age ranged from 21 to 82 years. The primary sites of cancer were gastrointestinal tract (24.5%), lung (23.5%), breast (21.4%), and head and neck (11.2%) in order. 2. The mean scores of social, family, and medical support were 4.30 0.58, 4.49 0.78, 4.11 0.65, respectively. The score of quality of life was 5.83 1.63 (range: 1.95 ~ 9.05). 3. An analysis of the association between several factors of patients and quality of life showed that the statistically significant factors were age, the presence of distant metastasis, family support, medical support and social support. 4. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, only social support was significant (β=0.932, P=0.02) with quality of life, but age and presence of distant metastasis were not significant. Conclusion : This suggests that quality of life in cancer patients could be improved by strengthening the social support which consists of family and medical support. Further study would be necessary to evaluate separately several aspects of quality of life among cancer patients.

Faraday's Law에 의한 전기응집공정의 분석

김혜숙,윤영임,조은정,최윤희,오미영,김영관 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.A

This research was carried out to find out the possibility of using Faraday's law in analyzing the electrocoagulation system. Bench-scale reactor equipped with aluminum electrode plates was operated using synthetic wastewater which received sodium chloride for conductivity adjustment. Phosphate was added to the wastewater to induce the precipitation with Al. The amount of aluminum dissolved from the electrodes could be predicted by Faraday's law with a difference less than 5%. This difference was greater at a higher electric current, probably due to the increased solution temperature. However, effect of pH on the dissolution of the aluminum was negligible. The result of this study suggested that the operating condition of electrocoagulation system could be developed using the Faraday's law when the pollutant concentration is given.

객체 지향 方法을 이용한 멀티미디어 文書 편집기의 設計 및 具現

전은철,정혜윤,박성한 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1992 공학기술논문집 Vol.1 No.1

This paper proposed a design technique of multimedia document editing system by using object-oriented methodology and its implementation using object-oriented language. The multimedia document editing system can generate a mixed document which consists of text, image, graphic and video, verifying the results by formatting document and process the information of position per page. The hierachical structured design of the class library is proposed where document processing methodolgy and object-oriented one are employed. The system is implemented with Turbo C++ package which provides object-oriented compiling function on a PC.

초등학생의 성격유형과 수학적 성향의 관계

김정혜,노은환 晋州敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究院 2006 科學敎育硏究 Vol.29 No.-

MMTIC (Murphy-Meisgeir Type Indicator for Children), which is a tool to measure the inborn psychological functions of children and adolescents, was developed based on Jung's theory of psychological patterns for the use by children and adolescents in their everyday life. We can use the tool to understand differences in personality type among people and to achieve educational goals in the field of education. The purposes of the present study were to survey the distribution of personality type of elementary students in the Sancheong -gun area, which is exposed to natural environment relatively much, to examine the relation between their personality type and their mathematical disposition, and to understand differences in personality type of people and use them for teaching- learning, adjustment to school life, counseling, etc. in the field of education. For these purposes, we formulated research questions as follows. 1. How is the distribution of personality type of elementary students in the Sancheong-gun area? 2. In the personality type of elementary students in the Sancheong-gun area related to their mathematical disposition? 2-1. How are the four preference indexes of personality type related to mathematical disposition? 2-2. How are the four psychological functions of personality type related to mathematical disposition? 2-3. How are the four temperaments of personality type related to mathematical disposition? In order to answer these questions, we surveyed 207 sixth-grade students in six elementary schools in Sancheong-gun, Personality type was tested MMTIC. and mathematical disposition was measured with a test composed of 22 questions, which was developed by the author and the reliability of which was confirmed through a preliminary test. Each question in the mathematical disposition test was on a scale of 4 points. A high score meant high mathematical disposition. MMTIC was analyzed by a special institution, and data for examining the relation between personality type and mathematical disposition were processed using SPSS 10.0. In order to examine the distribution of children's personality type by preference index, by psychological function and by temperament, we calculated frequencies and percentages. In addition, t-test was made to determine the significance of the relation between the preference indexes of personality type and mathematical disposition, and F-test was made to determine the significance of the relations between the psychological functions of personality type and mathematical disposition, and F-test was made to determine the significance of the relations between the psychological functions of personality type and mathematical disposition and between the temperaments of personality type and mathematical disposition. From the results of this study were drawn conclusions as follows. First, when children were compared based on preference indexes, a significantly larger number of students were external(E) in the external-internal(EI) index, intuition(N) in the sensing- intuition(SN) index. feeling(F) in thinking-feeling(TF) index, and perceptive in judging-perceiving(JP) index. In the distribution of psychological functions, intuition- feeling(NF) children were most frequent and, next, sensing-feeling (SF), intuition-thinking(NT) and sensing-thinking(ST) children. In the distribution of temperament, the percentage of children with intuition-feeling(NF) temperament was highest and it was particularly as high as 15.9% among male students and, next, the percentages of children with sensing-perception(SP), sensing-judging(SJ) and intuition-thinking(NT) temperaments in their order. Second, in order to examine the relation of mathematical disposition with the preference indexes(EI, SN, TF, JP) and the psychological functions(ST, SF, NT, NF) of personalty type, we conducted t-test and F-test. According to the results, no statistically significant difference was observed at significance level of 0.05 although there were slight differences of the means in all of the four types. Third, in order to examine the relation between mathematical disposition and the four temperaments (SP, SJ, NT, NF) of personal type, we conducted F-test. According to the results, statistically significant differences were observed at significance level of 0.05 and mathematical disposition was high in order of NT>NF>SJ>SP. Data collected through this research can be a guideline for establishing education plans for elementary students in Sancheong-gun. That is , because there are relatively many students with external disposition in the EI index, education may be focused more on activities. Because there are more students with emotional disposition in the TF index, small- group learning may be emphasized more than individual learning. With regard to the JP index, because most students have perceptive disposition, the tendency may be considered in teaching for higher educational effects. People who prefer the perceptive type generally want to adjust themselves to situations and to live with our restriction, tend to make efforts to understand life rather than control life, adjust themselves at a moment, and like to be openhearted. In addition, as they are fond of various opportunities, they can adapt themselves well to unorganized and uncertain situations. Moreover, they often fail to complete works and to be late in task performance. What is more, whenever such things happen, they usually cope with the situations appropriately by themselves. Understanding students' personality type does not necessarily mean better education. However, it is also absurd to establish education plans and give classes without knowing their characteristics. On the whole, research must begin with the identification of students' unique characteristics so that students' potential for future development can be acknowledged and their development can be promoted properly. Because students' mathematical disposition has a significant effect on their achievement in mathematics, this research began with the identification of students' personality type and explored the relation between students' personality type and their mathematical disposition. Researches should be continued on personality type and various factors affecting students' academic achievements. Such researches will enable customized education.

정맥내 주사로 인한 정맥염 발생의 다기관 공동 역학 조사 : 서울, 경기도 6개 종합병원을 대상으로:Focused on 6 hospitals in Seoul or Gyonggi-do, Korea

최정실,박은숙,진혜영,정선영,박미라,김정은,김금순 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.2

유사노출군별 건강진단 방법에 대한 전문가 의견조사

김정연,하은희,박혜숙 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: This study aims to survey of the health examination for occupational disease using similar exposure group(SEG). Methods : We surveyed industrial hygienists and occupational physicians about the health screening using SEG. We randomly sampled 100 industrial hygienists and 100 occupational physicians from the membership lists. We collected the heneral characteristics and professional opinion of health examination for occupational disease screening using SEG. The self-reported questionnaires were collected by mail from July 1st to July 20th in 1999. Results : Seventy three percent of respondents answered they knew the concepts of SEG. Occupational hygienists were more likely to know the SEG than occupational physician, but it was not statistically significant. Both of occupational hygienists and physicians pointed out that "Improvement of hazardous exposure monitoring" should be on the first assumption for develop-ment of health examination using SEG. The second assumption would be "Advance of toxicologic knowledge". And next was "Improvement of appraisal for health effect" from occupational physician, but "Administrative will to reform" from occupational hygienist. Conclusions : It is desirable to health examination based on SEG rather than on individual hazardous exposure. For this approach, we have to improve the monitoring of hazardous exposure first. 목적: 유사노출군별 건강진단방법과 복합유해인자 노출, 보건문제별 건강진단 방법을 고려한 '복합유해인자 노출에 따른 건강진단 방법 개발'에 대하여 산업보건 전문가의 의견을 수렴하고자 국내의 산업의학전문가와 산업위생전문가를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 방법: 대한산업의학회와 대한산업위생학회에서 회원 명부를 구하여 이중 각각 100명을 무작위로 추출한 총 200명을 대상으로 "복합유해인자 노출에 따른 건강진단 방법 개발"의 타당성을 검증 받기 위한 조사내용 항목 선정작업을 하였으며 자기기입식 설문방식으로 우편설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 200명의 설문대상자 중 주소지 불명으로 되돌아온 10명을 제외한 190명중 응답한 사람은 81명으로 응답률은 42.6%이었다. 조사기간은 1999년 7월 1일부터 7월 20일까지 이었다. 자료처리 및 통계분석은 SPSS 8.0 package를 이용하여 기술통계량을 구하고 각 군간의 비교를 위하여는 chi-square test를 하였다. 결과: 유사노출군(Similar Exposure Group) 개념에 대해서는 대다수(73.1%)가 알고 있다고 응답하였으며 산업위생 전문가들이 약간 더 많이 알고 있었으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 복합유해인자 노출에 따른 건강진단 방법이 개발될 경우 가장 먼저 전제가 되어야 할 것으로는 산업의학과 산업위생 전문가 모두 "복합유해물질 노출평가에 대한 전문성의 향상"을 가장 중요한 것으로 지적하였고 그 다음으로 "유해물질 상호작용에 대한 독성학 연구 진전", 산업의학전문가들은 "산업의학 전문의의 건강영향 평가 능력의 향사", 산업위생전문가들은 "노동부의 제도 개선의지" 라고 각각 지적하였다. 결론: 근로자 건강진단에서 발견하고자 하는 것은 근로자가 어떤 유해인자에 노출되고 있는가를 밝혀내는 것이 아니라 유해인자 노출에 다라 어떤 건강장해를 가지고 있는 가하는 것에 있으므로 앞으로의 건강진단은 유해인자별 건강진단 보다는 근로자의 보건문제를 중심으로 건강진단을 실시하는 것이 바랍직할 것이며 유사노출군으로 노출을 파악하고, 유사노출군별 가능한 건강장해를 파악함으로써 건강진단 항목을 구성하는 방향으로 나아가야 할 것이다.

유용성 도료와 수용성 도료의 유해성 비교에 관한 연구 : 자동차 보수용 도료를 중심으로

권은혜,김광식,오정룡,최정근,정윤석,이유진,김은아,송세욱,정호근 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study is to substitute water-based painting materials for the current solvent-based ones used in motor-repairing process to minimize the exposure of organic solvents to the painters. This study assessed the exposure of organic solvents to the painters using water-based and solvent-based painting materials and compared compositions, painting processes and the health hazards of the application of these alternative painting materials. The results of this study are as follows. 1. solvent-based painting materials used in motor-repairing process consist of various organic solvents, which consist primarily of toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene, ethyl methyl bezene, trimethyl bezene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-ethoxy ethanol, 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate and toluene-2.4-diisocianate and the others. These organic solvents are know as health-hazardous substances. But water-based painting materials are high-solid, low-solvent ones and consist of such two organic solvents as 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-heptanone and the others. 2. The painters using solvent-based painting materials in motor-repairing process are exposed to various organic acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, trimethyl benzene, 2-ethoxy ethanol, and 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate. But the painters using solvent-based ones are only exposed to 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-heptanone. 3. By using water-based painting materials in stead of solvent-based painting materials containing health-hazardous organic solvents, the exposure of such organic solvents in the painter's breathing zone can be largely prevented. 4. This study recommends water-based painting materials as substitutes for the current solvent-based ones used in motor-repairing process to minimize the exposure of organic solvents to the painters.