정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

한국 현대시로 전이(轉移)된 김정희 그림 <세한도(歲寒圖)>의 세계 : 문화적 기억'으로서의 시와 그림의 상관성 연구 A Study on the Relationship between Poetry and Painting as a Cultural Memory in Korea

윤호병 한국비교문학회 2004 比較文學 Vol.32 No.-

As one of the persuasive fields of comparative literary studies, Henry H. H. Remark has emphasized us to compare literature with other art. Understanding the importance of such a cornpanson, I have focused on the contemporary Korean poets who have transferred Cheong-Hui Kim's painting into their poems. Cheong-Hui Kim(1786-1856) is one of the most important Korean painters in the history of Korean paintings. Not only as a well-known politician but also a leading painter of his day, Kim was interested in the genre including painting itself, Chinese writings known as Chusache, studies in the field of monumental inscriptions. In my study, I have compared Kim's painting entitled "Sehando" (Painting in the Period of Cold Weather)with contemporary Korean poems from such poets as the 1950s to the 1990s. Having compared Kim's painting with the various twenty-five contemporary Korean poets and their thirty-one poems, I have found out that cultural memory has been the main stream of their spiritual factor in their world of art and poetry: confirmation of identity as a Korean ancient and modem, emphasis on the indomitable life-style in the period of oppression, understanding the vision of everlasting honest attitude, and recognition of the important Korean cultural heritage. Through their poetic attitudes toward Kim's painting, the world of contemporary Korean poets can be divided into four categories: they are the poems mainly related to the postscript of Kim s painting, the poems of recognizing the reality of the painting itself, poems of reflecting individual emotions, and the poems of visiting the place where Kim was exiled to the Cheju Island. To follow up the needs of international flows of comparative literary studies, the importance of comparing poetry with painting should be understood in our comparative literary society.

문화적 환경 : 번역의 진지성과 창조성 몇 가지 경우를 중심으로 Sincerity and Creativity in Translation -A Study on Several Cases

윤호병 한국비교문학회 2003 比較文學 Vol.31 No.-

The possibility of translating literary work lies in the large scope of its pertinence, its basic concern with cultural environment and its disparate levels, from the original meaning within the context of a full consideration for the original work to be translated to the meaning within another context of the work translated into foreign language. In the matter of translation theory, cultural environment is one of the most important elements in the age of globalism in which national identity is apt to be lost rather than to be kept. In this study is considered the importance of cultural environment, the translation of foreign poem s into Korean, and the translation of Korean poem s into English. For the first case, to understand its special significance in its socio-historical background, it is necessary to consider both the personal usage with its incidental, half-conscious commitment and the national identity with its systematized, unified contribution. With these aspects, the special word N‘im ,’ which is usually translated into English as L‘ove/love’ or ‘You/you,' has been discussed in connection with Yongun Han’ poem entitled “Silence of Love”by Jaihiun J. Kim ’s translation and “Your Silence”by Sammy E. Solberg’s translation. The second material is included in this paper chiefly because of the light which it has thrown in the retrospect on the views of earlier influences on the formation of modern Korean poems: the powerful influence of Paul Verlaine’s “Chancon d'automne” by Ok Kim's translation with the help of Japanese translation by U¨eda Bin on the formation of modern Korean poetry, the similarities and differences between Kim’s translation and Bin’s translation of Verlaine’s poem, Kim's recreation of the poem for his ow n titled “Great Musician,” and his commitment of poetic musicality which is affected Sowol Kim's poetic world. The most and stimulating and suggestive translation, indeed, has com e from the comparison of the different English translations of Chiyong Chung’s “Window I” by Peter H. Lee, Jaihiun J. K im, and Daniel A. Kister. though each of them seems to have done his best in his translation of Chung’s poem, Kister’s English translation is close to its original poem in its poetic form as w ell as its meaning. While the m ore cautious translator has ever been doubtful of the quality of his language abilities, fearful of the introduction of Korean words, idiom s, and cultural heritage, to the men who have cared most about the destinies of the vernacular, Peter H. Lee’s English translation of Hun Sim’s “W hen That Day Comes”has appeared not an enemy to the m other tongue, but a means of enlarging and clarifying it and to make the Sim ’s poem known to the world literary circles. Lee’s contribution through his translation of Sim’s poem has been highly evaluated by Sir Cecil Maurice B ow ra in his Poetry and Politics, 1900-1960, how ever, I have urged upon the translator’s literary understandings both due regard for the original and due regard for E ng lish literary standards. Thus regarded it becomes a vital part of literary translation that a translator should consider the cultural environment of his vernacular literary works, because it is not only a necessary source which suggests the hidden meaning s of a work but also a decisive element which form s the national identity in the so called global age.

나프타분해플랜트의 부탄추출공정에서 부탄증기의 연속누출에 의한 화재사고의 영향평가

윤대건,이헌창,함병호,조지훈,김태옥 韓國火災 ·消防學會 1998 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.10 No.4

나프타분해플랜트의 부탄추출공정에서 부탄증기의 연속 누출에 의한 제트화재와 플래쉬화재의 사고결과에 대한 영향을 평가하고 사고결과에 미치는 공정변수들의 영향을 해석하였다. 877 kPa과 346.75K의 공정조건에서 부탄증기가 87.8 kg/s의 속도로 8m의 높이에서 연속누출되는 경우에 표준조건으로 설정한 대기 및 환경조건에서 사고결과를 해석한 결과, 제트화재에서는 화염의 형태와 크기를 예측할 수 있었으며 누출지점으로부터 200m에서 API모델로 산출한 목사열은 약 5kW/m^2이었고 플래쉬화재가 일어날 수 있는 연소범위는 11.2~120.2m이었다. 그리고 사고결과에 미치는 조업압력의 영향은 조업온도보다 크며 압력이 증가할수록 사고결과 값이 증가하였다. 이때 플래쉬화재에서 X_UFL에 미치는 공정압력의 영향은 X_LFL에서보다 약 1/10이하를 나타내었다. The consequence analysis for jet and flash fire accidents by the continuous release of butane vapor was performed and effects of process variables on consequences were analyzed in standard conditions. For the continuous release(87.8 kg/s) of butane vapor at 8 m elevated height in the debutanizing process of the naphtha cracking plant operating at 877 kPa, 346.75 K, we found that for the jet fire accident, shape and size of the flame could be predicted and thermal radiation estimated by API model at 200 m distance from release point was 1.5 kW/m^2, and that for the flash fire accident, effect range was 11.2~120.2m. Also, simulation results showed that effects of operating pressures on consequences were large than those of operating temperatures and results of accidents were increased with increasing operating pressures. At this time, effects of operating pressures on X_UFL. were smaller

참깨에서 추출한 Sesamin 섭취가 혈청 지질 농도에 미치는 영향

윤명호,신준한,김한수,탁승제,최병일 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

Objectives : High serum cholesterol is one of the major risk factors of coronary artery disease. We investigated the lipid-towering property and the side effects of sesamin, an unsaturated fatty add extracted from sesame oil, for the primary prevention of coronary artery disease. Methods : The 37 patients (20 mates and 17 females) with hyperlipidemia, ages ranging from 22 years to 70 years old (48±12), who did not have atherosderotic diseases except essential hypertension were given three capsules of sesamin once daily for 6 weeks. The lipid profile of the patients were examined before and after sesamin treatment, and the patients were grouped according to the presence or abscence of hypertension, smoking habit and obesity. Result : Compared with pretreatment, the total cholesterol level of sesamin treated group decreased significantly (254.2±29.6 versus 241.6 34.0 ㎎/dl, p< 0.05). The level of LDL-cholesterol (162.6±24.3 versus 156.6±32.8 ㎎/dl)HDL- cholesterol (47.5±10.0 versus 47.0±8.7 ㎎/dl) and triglyceride (196.5±95.4 versus 179.3±96.7 ㎎/dl) and the ratio of LDL/HDL- cholesterol (3.6±0.9 versus 3.4±0.9) were not significantly different. The effect of cholesterol lowering property of sesamin was predominant in hypertensive, non- smoking and obese group (P< 0.05 vs pretreatment). The laboratory tests including complete blood cell counts, serum transaminases, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and blood glucose did not change significantly. Conclusion : The lipid lowering effect of sesamin was statistically significant on the total cholesterol particularly with obese, non-smoking and hypertensive patients. There was no significant side effect during sesamin administration. Therefore, three capsules of sesamin as a single daily dose were effective in lowering total cholesterol and safe to administer in patients with hyperlipidemia.

가막만에 출현하는 동물플랑크톤의 종조성과 계절별 출현 양상

서호영,이인태,윤양호,최상덕,이삼노,한명일,김병섭,강윤호,이우범 한국환경생물학회 2002 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.20 No.2

가막만에 출현하는 동물플랑크톤을 계절별(2001년 4월, 7월, 9월, 12월)로 Norpac네트를 이용하여 수직 채집하였다. 우점적으로 출현한 분류군은 4월과 12월에 요각류, 7월에 요각류와 지각류,9월에 야광충이었다. 출현 개체수는 22~17,197indiv. m^-3으로 시·공간적으로 변동폭이 매우 컸다. 요각류의 우점종은 4월에 Euryte-mora pacifica, Acartio omorii, Cenfropages abdominalis, Colanus sinicus, 7월에 Lobidocera rofunda와 A. erythraea, 9월에 A. eryfhraea와 Paracalanus parvus s. l., 12월에 A. omorii와 E. pacifca로 주로 내만종으로 변하였다. 그러나, 9월에 외양종인 Eucalanus sp.와 Neo-calnus sp. 또한 다수 출현하였다. 이와 같은 출현 경향은 가막만이 폐쇄성 내만임에도 불구하고 동물플랑크톤의 분포 특성은 내만수 이외에 계절적으로 외만수의 영향을 강하게 받고 있음을 암시하고 있다. Zooplankton was sampled vertically with a Norpac net from Gamag Bay in April, July, September and December, 2001. Copepods were predominant in April and December, and cladocerans in July and Noctiluca scintillans in September, respectively. There are high spatio-temporal fluctuations in the abundance of zooplankton with a range of 22∼17,197 indiv./㎥. In the copepod community, neritic species, Eurytemora pacifica, Acartia omorii, Centropages abdominalis and Calanus sinicus were predominant in April; Labidocera rotunda and A. erythraea in July; A. erythraea and Paracalanus parvus s. l. in September; A. omorii and E. pacifica in December. However, oceanic species Eucalanus sp. and Neocalanus sp. were abundant in September. It indicates that although Gamag Bay is semi-closed, the distribution pattern of zooplankton is seasonally strongly affected by oceanic waters in addition to neritic ones.

요양소에 수용중인 정신장애자의 입소전 치료방법에 관한 연구

신병호,윤진상,이충경,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.5

In Korea, a large number of the mentally ill are still institutionalized in asylums where they can not receive modern psychiatric treatments. This survey was designed to investigate previous treatment methods of these psychiatric patients and to offer basic data in order to develop modern psychiatric delivery system for patients institutionalized in asylums. The 694 subjects who could give cooperative informations wee selrected form 6 asylums which are located in the Kwang-ju and Chonnam area. The data on this survey was collected by investigator's interview from Mar. 30, 1987 to Apr. 10, 1987. The previous treatment methods were divided into 8 groups(modern psychiatric treatment, asylym, Korean shamanic rite, religious healing, herb medicine, drug store, others and no treatment) and multiple responses were allowed. The methods were studied relating to the following psychiatric and sociodemographic factors : psychiatric diagnosis, age at the time of institutionalization, morbid duration before institutionalization, sex, occupation, residence, religion, economic status, marital status, educational level, and guardian. 49% of the patients had no experienced any previous treatment for their mental illness. 35% of the patients had been given modern psychiatric treatment and 23% had been previously institutionalized in asylums. The other treatment methods were reported in less than 10% of the patients. There were significant relationships between the choice of treatment methods and the psychiatric and sociodemographic factors.

세포질내 정자주입법(ICSI)에 있어서 정자흡입 및 난자내 주입방법에 관한 연구

이택후,김항진,송건호,김대근,전상식,박윤규,서태광,전병균,류은경,이은숙,문진수,김광철 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Study on Method of Sperm Aspiration and Injection into an Oocyte in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection(ICSI) Immobilization of spermatozoa prior to intracytoplasmic sperm iniection(ICSI) sometimes results in crooked tail and this makes it difficult to aspirate sperm into an injection pipette tail first. Head-first sperm aspiration into an injection pipette avoid this problem due to the bigger size of the sperm head. The effect of head or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte on fertilization cleavage, percentage of grade I embryos and development to blastocyst stage in ICSI program has been studied. A single living immobilized spermatozoa from oligoasthenozoospermic patient was injected into an oocyte head-first or tail-first according to the treatment. Eighteen hours after microinjection, oocytes ware inspected for survival and fertilization Fertilized oocytes with two pronuclei were cultured in 30μl drop of mHTF supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated follicular fluid(FF) at 37℃. On day 2. embryo transfer was performed with cleaved embryos. The remaining 2-8 cell stage embryos were co-cultured with BRL cells in mHTF + 10% FF for 72 hours and the developmental stage was observed. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance. A total of 164 oocytes from 36 cycles were assigned to earth treatment and ICSI was performed(88 head-first, tail-first). The rates of normal fertilization were 81.8% and 76.3% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the fertilized oocytes, the percentage of cleaved embryos and the percentage of grade 1 embryo among cleaved embryos were 88.9% and 68.8%, 93.1% and 74.1% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the 2-8 cell embryos cultured, 44.4%(16/36) and 50.0%(10/20) for head first and tail first, respectively developed to blastocyst stage. There were no differences in fertilization, cleavage, rates of grade 1 embryos, and development to blastocyst stage. In conclusion, head-first or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte in ICSI program does not affect fertilization and subsequent embryo development to blastocyst stage in vitro.

Modern Korean Poets’ Concepts of Poetic Language in an Age of National Crisis 1910-1945 (Ⅱ)

YOON, HO-BYEONG The Academy of Korean Studies 1990 Korea Journal Vol.30 No.1

Perspectives of Korean Modernity from the 18th Century to the Present: Intellectual Struggles for Koreanity in the Age of Globalization

Yoon, Ho-Byeong 국제언어인문학회 2002 인문언어 Vol.4 No.-

For the effective study of Korean modernization from the 18th century to the present, three areas have been investigated in my paper: the age of dawn in recognizing the necessity of modernism, the era of experimentation from recognition to practice, and the development of modernism in literature: from the 1930s to the present. Through whole process of discussing those matters, Koreanity- identifying itself to be Korean - has been emphasized. While the so-called traditional values confronted with the whole turmoil of socio-political demolitions in the name of modernization, westernization, and culturalization, Korean intellectuals tried to emphasize how important it was to keep Korean identities, namely the Koreanity. Such examples can be seen in the activities of Northern School and Moderate School. Though Koreans had to have a short hair cut in contradiction with their traditional morality to be modernized/westernized/cultivated, it was a turning point for them to take a step toward the international world. During the period of Korean modernization through the impact of Western world, Korean language-hangul- has been cultivated to the highest level in comparison with two foreign languages: Japanese and English. Those Korean linguists who were familiar with these two languages made Korean grammar systematic and they understood the importance of preserving Koreanity in the course of pursuing modem western society. In this sense, Korean modernism is related to the cultural glocalism(globalism+ localism), not to the cultural globalism. Through the help of socio-political modernization, Korean literature in modernism has been full bloomed in the early years of 1930s. One of the leading poets was Sang Lee whose poetic heritage is inherited by those groups of 1950s and I 960s. Among many others, Chunsu Kim and Sunghun Lee were the main figures in realizing the fact the poetry is written in Korean which they considered the body, the soul, and the mother la