한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Rifampicin에 의한 것으로 추정되는 위막성 대장염1예

김수현,이은우,정종혁,문승현,김동한,양혁승,오영상,김호동,김도현,박혁,박정환,박경옥,이영직 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.2

Pseudomembranous colitis, caused by altering the normal colonic flora and allowing the multiplication of Clostridium difficile, is an deleterious adverse effect of antibiotics. But it is rarely reported by rifampicin. Rifampicin is one of the first line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis and many patients are exposed to its potential adverse effects. We experienced a patient that had abdominal discomfort and hematochezia due to pseudomembranous colitis after receiving antituberculous medication, and which was probably caused by rifampicin. A 82 years old man was admitted with abdominal discomfort and hematochezia for one week. On the past history he had been diagnosed as endobronchial tuberculosis about 4 months ago. Colonoscopy revealed multiple discrete whitish mucosal lesion on rectosigmoid colon, and histologic findings were consistent with pseudomembranous colitis. The antituberculous agents were discontinued and vancomycin was administered. The patient's symptoms were resolved within several days. There was no recurrence after reinstitution of the antituberculous agents excluding rifampicin. We report here on a case of pseudomembranous colitis probably due to rifampicin.

7β-(5-Phenyl-2H-Tetrazolyl-2-Acetamido) Cephalosporanic Acid의 合成 및 抗菌作用에 관한 硏究

高玉鉉,姜馨龍,金京洙,金泳秀,洪石淳,金燦範 조선대학교 약학연구소 1992 藥學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.1

7β-(5-Phenyl-2H-tetrazolyl-2-acetamido) cephalosporanic acid was synthesized by condensation of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid(7-ACA) with(5-phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl) acetyl chloride. This compound was tested for antimicrobial activity in vitro against Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Escherichia coli ESS, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 13130, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Staphylococcus aureuss FDA-209p and Salmonella typhimurium SL 1102. This compound revealed excellent antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphlococcus aureus FDA 209p. This compound have no antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 13130 and Salmonella typhimurium SL 1102.

패류중 중금속함량에 관한 연구

신현수,허옥순,이진하,김세은,주인선,신동우,강석종,박만종,김지연,김근희,강숙경,정래석,허숙진,소유섭,최장덕,문병우,김진수 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 패류중 중금속함량 측정을 위한 분석효율이 높고 간편한 분해법을 찾아내어 그 방법에 의끓 유종중인 패류중 중금속함량을 파악하고자 수행하였다. 시료를 분해시키는 Microwave와 습식, 건식회법을 비교한 결과 변형습식회화르가 가장 적합하였다. 변형습식회차딘는 려린0,3+C104+H2SOf의 혼찰산을 쪼 · j 1 (v/v)의 비율로 혼합하여 사용하였 을 때 회수을 Pb린틴. Cd 97.8, Cu 94.2, Zn 92.8%를 나타내었근 분해시간은 2~2.5시간 소요되었다. 유통중인 패류중 중금속함량 」최소~최대(평균), mgAgl 은 Pb 0.028~o.528(0.153), Cd 0.OO7~1,832(0.587), Cu 0.360~37.375(4.6691, Zn 6.317~233.2iO(38.881), Hg 0.001 ~O.151(0.012)mg/ltg으로 나타났다. 또한 유통중인 5종의 패류중 중금속평균항량이 생산지 하재지역에서 구입한 패류에 비해 모든 중금속언써 약간 높은 함량을 보였으나 오염된 수준이 아닌 자연함유량수준이었다. This study was conducted to improve the digestion method for the determination of heavy metals in shellfishes and to estimate the contents of heavy metal in commercial shellfishes by their digestion method. This digestion method was compared microwave with wet and dry ash digestion for shellfish samples, obtained results showed that the modified wet ash Ⅱ digestion was convenient and easy to use. For the modified wet ash Ⅱ digestion, The mixed acid of HNO₃+HClO₄+H₂SO₄(25:5:1, v/v) was used. Under this condition, Recoveries were Pb 94.3, Cd 97.8, Cu 94.2 and Zn 92.8% and digestion time was ∼2.5 hours. The contents of heavy metal [minimum∼maximum (mean), mg/kg in commercial shellfishes were as follows ; Pb:0.028∼0.528(0.153), Cd:0.007∼1.832(0.587), Cu:0.360∼37.375(4.669), Zn:6.317∼233.250(38.881), Hg:0.001∼0.151(0.013). The contents of heavy metal in commercial shellfishes of five species were slightly greater than those of shellfishes purchased at Hajae. There was no great difference between the contents of heavy metal of Hajae and those of shellfishes purchased at Whole market.

Progastrin-releasing peptide as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker of small cell lung cancer

오형주,( Ha Young Park ),( Tae Ok Kim1 ),( Chul Kyu Park ),( Hong Jun Shin ),( Hee Jung Ban ),( In Jae Oh ),( Yong Soo Kwon ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Sung Chul Lim ),( Young Chul Kim ),( Soo Hyun Kim ),( Myung G 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.120 No.-

Background: Progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) is a recently identified biomarker of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We aimed this study for evaluating the usefulness of automated proGRP measurement for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in patients with SCLC. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2013, plasma samples were prospectively collected from 452 [213 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 104 SCLC, 135 other diseases] patients visited for tissue diagnosis and tested by two-step automated immunoassay using the ARCHITECT proGRP assay kit (Abbott Diagnostics, USA). The cutoff level of proGRP was set at 63 pg/mL. Results: The mean proGRP was higher in SCLC (1823.0 ± 2684.0 pg/mL) than in NSCLC (61.0 ± 341.7 pg/mL) and other diseases (51.5 ± 222.6 pg/mL, p<0.001). The sensitivity of proGRP was 85.7% (90/105) in SCLC and 11.8% (25/212) in NSCLC. The specificity was 90.2%, positive predictive value was 72.5%, and negative predictive value was 95.4% in SCLC. The mean proGRP was higher in extensive disease (2158.1 ± 2980.6 pg/mL) than in limited disease (901.4 ± 1216.0 pg/mL, p=0.033). Among the 39 patients with SCLC could be followed, the mean proGRP levels of 23 responders were significantly decreased after chemotherapy (from 1651.5 ± 1386.4 pg/mL to 290.0 ± 524.8 pg/mL, p<0.001), whereas those of the 16 non-responders were not. (from 572.5 ± 790.3 pg/mL to 494.4 ± 610.9 pg/mL, p=0.583). Conclusion: Plasma proGRP could be a useful biomarker of SCLC for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. And the initial level may represent the tumor extent of SCLC.

도시와 농촌 어촌의 수유실태에 관한 조사

김선영,박기옥,박수향,양명선 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1987 家政大論集 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 도시와 농어촌간의 수유실태를 비교 분석하는데 있다. 1986년 7월부터 11월까지 도시(대구), 농촌(암곡), 어촌(구룡포)의 영유아 모성 80명을 대상으로 설문조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 대상아는 0∼30개월의 영유아로 남아가 51.3%, 여아가 48.8%였다. (2) 모성의 연령분포는 26∼30세가 도시 농어촌 평균 62.0%로 많았고, 초산연령은 21∼26세 사이가 많은 분포였다. (3) 교육수준 및 월수입은 도시가 월등히 높았으며 교육수준과 월수입이 높음에 따라 인공영양수유와 상관이 있었다. (4) 정상분만은 농어촌이 높은 비율이었고, 분만장소는 도시에서 병원분만이 농어촌에 비해 높았다. (5) 수유형태는 농어촌이 도시에 비해 모유수유의 비율이 높았다. (6) 수유형태의 권장도는 도시와 농어촌 모두 모유의 권장도가 높았으나 도시 모성의 모유권장도 76.0%에 비해 실천은 36.0%로서 도시모성의 모유수유의 실천이 뒤떨어졌다. The purpose of this research is to compare and analyze the actual conditions between urban areasand farming, fishing villages. We asked eighty mothers who were growing their babies and Infantliving in a city(Daegue), farming area(Am-gok) and fishing villages(Goo-ryong-po) and got the resu-lts as follows; 1. An object was babies and infants who were within 30 months old(O~3O months) and 51.3% of them was males and 48.8% of them was females. 2. There was much distribution of mothers who belonged between 26 and 30 years old and it occu-pied 62.O% in averaging city, farming and fishing villages. Their first childbirth was mainly from 21years old to 26 years old. 3. In the point of the level of education and monthly income, the rural area was much higher thanthose of farming and fishing areas and therefore the fact was related with the artificial nutrition fee-ding(cow-milk feeding). 4, The normal childbirth in faming and fishing arears was highter than that of urban area andthe mothers living in urban areas used much more hospitals as their childbirth places than thoseliving in farming and fishing areas. 5. In the milk feeding from, the proportion of mother's milk was higher in farming and fishingareas comparing with that of urban areas. 6. The recommendation form of milk feeding was higher than any others both in rural area andfarming, fishing areas but mothers living in cities practiced only 36.0% while .recommending 76.0%in mothers milk and therefore the actual performance of mother's milk feeding, living in urban areaswas lower than in farming and fishing areas.

放射線照射에 의한 濟州産 鹽乾옥돔의 貯藏性向上에 관한 硏究

金洙賢,鄭昌朝,趙韓玉,金在河 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 1985 연구보고 Vol.1 No.-

濟州産 鹽乾옥돔(yellow sea bream ; Branchiostegus japonicus japonicus)을 Vinyl 眞空包裝 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 및 2.0Mrad 水準으로 放射線 照射후 室溫과 冷藏으로 60日間 貯藏하여 鹽乾옥돔의 理化學的變化 및 官能檢査를 수행하였다. 貯藏期間中 總菌數는 放射線 照射水準이 높아짐에 따라 抑制되고 있었으며, 放射線照射와 冷藏處理가 더욱 效果的이었다. TMA의 增加率은 高線量水準에서 적었으며 2.0Mrad水準은 도리어 貯藏初期에 비하여 末期에 이르러 TMA의 含量을 減少시켰다. TMAO의 減少率은 貯藏條件에 관계없이 照射後 20日傾부터는 急激한 減少現象을 나타내었다. Total nitrogen의 減少는 無照射區에서 가장 컸으며, 照射水準이 높아짐에 따라 變化의 폭은 적었다. VBN含量은 各 處理區 모두 D30에서 顯著한 增加를 보이고 있었으며, 放射線處理에 따라 多少 抑制되었다. 放射線照査와 室溫貯藏區에서는 20日까지, 放射線照査 및 冷藏處理區에서는 40日까지 鹽乾옥돔의 鮮度를 유지시킬 수가 있었다. 組織變化, 總菌數, 腐敗 등 要因을 考慮할 때 鹽乾옥돔의 貯藏性向上을 위해서는 1.0Mrad가 適正水準으로 推定되었다. Salted dry yellow sea bream were vaccum packed in a plastic bags and irradiated at differents levels (0.0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 20 Mrad) using ?? source. The irradiated samples were stored at room temperature and 5℃. Physical and chemical properties were examined during storage. The total bacterial count was depressed according to level of irradiation applied. It was noted that cold storage after irrdiation was more effective than room temperature. TMA contents slowly increased with higher dosage rates up to 1.5 Mrad but there was a gradual decrease of TMA at the 2.0 Mrad level.It was observed that there was a rapid decrease of TMAO 20 days after irradiation irrespective of storage temperature. The reduction of total nitrogen content was highest in the control but to a lesser degree when irradiation was applied. VBN content increased in all treatments 30 days after irradiation but it was also noted that there was a tendency toward depression of VBN by irradiation. The shelf life of salted dry sea bream was extended by 20 days with irradiation plus room temperature, and by 40 days with irradiation plus cold storage. To extend shelf life of salted dry sea bream, the most effective dosage rate was 1.0 Mrad based on tenderness, bacterial count and rancidity.

직장암 수술 후 국소재발과 예후

김태윤,백무준,김성용,신응진,박내경,이문수,김창호,송옥평 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Locally recurrent rectal cancer is a difficult clinical problem. Local recurrence following treatment for rectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The reported range of local recurrence rates following surgical treatment for rectal cancer has varied from 4% to 50%. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 142 rectal cancer patients from January 1991 to December 1999. Analysis of patients factors included age, gender, type of surgery, and adjuvant therapy. Tumors were assessed for level, stage, and grade. Local recurrence and distant metastases were also documented. Variables influencing local recurrence in this group were identified and disease-free survival is determined. Of the 142 patients(74 males, 68 females; mean age 62.6 years), 137 consecutive patients operated on for rectal cancer and followed up to December 2000 (range 23-118months) were analyzed. Local recurrence rate was 18.3%. Age and sex of patients, type of surgery, location of tumor in the rectum, size, morphology and grading of the tumor were all unrelated to the event under investigation. At Cox regression, the Dukes stage and the postoperative radiotherapy were the only independent prognostic factors for local recurrence, and Dukes stage (Hazard ratio=2.89, p<0.001) and local recurrence (Hazard ratio=3.31, p<0.01) were the only independent factors associated with improved survival.

Aspirin 諸合性에 關한 再考

김정란,박숙자,유영자,박옥운,김정은,노수자,오경희,조연자 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1962 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.3

미혼 흡연여성들의 불안, 우울 및 자아존중감이 흡연양 및 니코틴 의존도에 미치는 영향

김옥수,김애정,김선화,백성희 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of anxiety depression and self-esteem on the amount of smoking and nicotine dependency among woman smokers. Method: The convenience sample consisted of 121 unmarried woman smokers. The STAI, the CES-D Scale, the Self-Esteem scale and the FTQ were utilized to measure the level of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and nicotine dependency. The amount of smoking was calculated based on the number of cigarette used. Results: Results indicated that woman smokers were depressed. Nicotine dependency was relatively low. Subjects had smoked a mean of 9.58 cigarettes per day. The level of depression influenced on smoking and nicotine dependency. Self-esteem influenced on the amount of smoking and anxiety influenced on nicotine dependency. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the amount of smoking of unmarried woman smokers was very high. Both the amount of smoking and nicotine dependency were affected by levels of depression. Education programs and campaigns are needed to prevent smoking of young adult women.