한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

남성화를 보이는 여성에서 발견된 난소의 Steroid Cell Tumor 1예

조인호,정대훈,박영미,서영진,손영실,정철회,강영미,정수전,김영남,이경복,성문수,김기태 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Steroid cell tumor is a rare ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor which accounts for 0.1% of all ovarian tumors. Until now, only 4 cases have been reported in domestic literatures. Steroid cell tumor often secrets testosterone and presents virilization in adult women or precocious puberty in children. Treatment is often performed by surgical removal, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation, but completely accepted treatment was not existed. We experienced a case of steroid cell tumor, which was manifested by typical virilization in a 43-year old patient, who was previously performed hysterectomy and unilateral oophorectomy. So, we present with a brief review of the literatures.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

오행화침법(五行和鍼法)의 이론적 고찰 및 운용

심성흠 ( Sung Heum Sim ),감철우 ( Cheol Woo Kam ),김진영 ( Jin Young Kim ),백상인 ( Sang In Baek ),이병권 ( Byung Gwon Lee ),손호영 ( Ho Young Son ) 대한경락경혈학회 2009 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.26 No.4

Objectives: The object of this study is to report on the theory of Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture Therapy. Methods: The theory of Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture Therapy(OHAT; 五行和針法) is a part of the Five Elements Theory unique to Korea. This research Classic of Difficulty Issues-Nan Jing review Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture Therapy. Results: OHAT, created and developed by Jae-hoon Song, integrates the victor-vanquished as well as the son-mother relationship of the Five Elements of breakdown and restoration of balance between yin and yang. And also, it provides resources and data on The seventy fifth Nan(75難), The sixty ninth Nan(69難) of Classic of Difficulty Issues-Nan Jin 75, 69. OHAT establishes objectiveness and accuracy of diagnosis based upon the traditional method and procedure of pulse taking. In OHAT, a person`s state of illness is diagnosed by applying the comparative examination of the palpitation of the pulse. It is the fact that the pulse varies according to the state, and that OHAT treatment has proven the positive results by using the victor-vanquished relationship on The Nan Jin 75. On the basis of this, it is necessary to add the sixty ninth Nan(69難), to research the theory of the generation of the Five Element. Conclusions: Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture is very effective in treating the wide range of illness, and thus it has gained an increasing attention of many scholars and practitioners in the field of traditional Korean oriental medicine. However, it is the first theoretical attempt to the clinical research and scientific methodology of Ohaeng(Five) Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture, and more active Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture R&D is being conducted nationwide.

Silorane-based 복합레진의 색안정성에 관한 연구

손유진,현홍근,김영재,김정욱,이상훈,김종철,한세현,장기택 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 silorane-based 복합레진의 색안정성을 기존의 methacrylate-based 복합레진과 비교하여 평가하는 것이다. Silorane-based 복합레진인 P90(3M ESPE, USA), methacrylate-based 복합레진인 Tetric Ceram(Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), Z250, Z350(3M ESPE, USA)을 이용하여 시편을 제작하고, 증류수, 커피, 레드 와인, 카레 용액에 담가 1일, 3일, 7일, 14일, 21일, 28일 후 색 변화를 분광광도계로 측정하고 실험 전후의 색상차이(ΔE*_(ab))값을 산출하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 카레 용액 > 레드 와인 > 커피 > 증류수의 순으로 레진 시편의 변색이 크게 나타났다. 2. 네 가지 종류의 레진을 비교하였을 때, Z350 > Z250 > Tetric Ceram > P90의 순으로 변색이 크게 나타났다. 3. 카레 용액의 경우 네 종류의 레진 모두에서 침지 1일 이후 수용도 역치 이상(ΔE*_(a)b>3.3)의 변색이 나타났다. 4. 레드 와인의 경우 Z350, Z250, Tetric Ceram에서 침지 1일 이후, P90에서는 침지 28일 이후에 수용도 역치 이상의 변색이 나타났다. 5. 커피의 경우 Z350에서 침지 1일 이후, Z250에서 침지 3일 이후, Tetric Ceram에서 침지 7일 이후에 수용도 역치 이상의 변색이 나타났으나 P90에서는 침지 28일 이후에도 수용도 역치 이상의 변색이 나타나지 않았다. The objective of this study was to evaluate the color stability of new silorane-based composite resin compared with methacrylate-based composite resins after immersion in 3 staining solutions. One silorane-based composite(Filtek P90) and 3 methacrylate -based composites(Filtek Z250, Filtek Z350, Tetric Ceram) were evaluated. Twenty disk-shaped specimens(10×2mm) of each of 4 composite resins were prepared. The specimens were then divided into 4 groups of 5 specimens each and immersed in 3 staining solutions( coffee, red wine, curry solution) or distilled water(control) for 28-day test period. Color of the specimens was measured with a spectrophotometer(Color Eye 7000A) using CIE L*a*b* color space relative to CIE standard illuminant D65 at baseline, 1day, 3days, 7days, 14days, 21days and 28days after staining. The color differences( ΔE*_(ab)) were calculated. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The mean color changes(ΔE*_(ab)) of the composites were greatest in curry solution, then red wine, coffee and distilled water, in decreasing order. 2. The mean color changes(ΔE*_(ab)) of the composites were greatest in Z350, Z250, Tetric Ceram and P90, in decreasing order.

위장관 수술후 소화 불량증상을 호소하는 환자에 종합소화효소제 베아제정의 임상효과

손기섭,배진선,장일성,윤완희,김영일 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.2

The Clinical effect of Bearse Tab. was observed in 58 cases with postoperative indigestion. The results were as follows : 1. Overall evaluation of treatment revealed effective in 80.9% (34/42) after the GI surgery, improvement rate were 77.8%(23/31). 2. At the postoperative abdominal distention, improvement rate were high rate (92%). 3. There was no side effect of Bearse Tab. In Conclusion, Bearse Tab was safe and effective for management of postoperative indigestion state.

다단토양층을 이용한 하수처리에 관한 연구

손대희,정윤철,신정훈,정진영,안대희 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The sewages produced from small villages, rural community, drinking water reservation area and park which doesn't have sewage piping system can be caused a serious water pollution at the restricted areas. The objective of this research was to suggest an economical and effective sewage treatment method by investigating the removal of the organics, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the multi-soil-layering reactor. Soil, natural zeolite, and iron slag were used as a supporting media of multi-soil-layering in this research. The purpose of natural zeolite addition was to maintain the consistent ammonium exchange capacity by providing a sequential environment, and that of iron slag addition was to remove phosphorus by adsorption. Continuous experiment of lab-scale single-soil-layering (S-1), multi-soil-layering (S-2), and mixed-soil-layering (S-3) methods were studied to compare and optimize three different types of the reactors. The organic removal efficiencies showed more than 90% in all three reactors. While S-1 and S-3 reactors showed about T-N removal of 31%, 45%, respectively, the average T-N removal efficiency of the S-2 reactor represented an 87%. In conclusion, that results suggest that the multi-soil-layering reactor could be effectively utilized as a plant for treatment of small village sewage.

치과교정환자의 치면세균막 관리교육 효과

손우성,김진범,제영지 대한치과교정학회 1994 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The short-term effects of plaque control instruction were studied in 42 adolescent orthodontic patients under active fixed treatment. At first visit, all the patients were received plaque control instruction using materials such as oral hygiene education slides, dentiform, disclosing agents, tooth brush and interdental brush. After that, Pateints were asked to perform the tooth brushing according to instruction. Such a procedure was repeated every week for 3 weeks. Plaque index and bleeding index were scored once a week for 4 weeks and were compared according to ages, sex and duration with fixed appliance. The results were as follows : 1. Plaque control instruction was effective in reducing plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation of the orthodontic patients. 2. The effect of plaque control instruction was continued during 3 weeks among all groups of subjects, and it was prominent at the first week. 3. There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of the plaque control instruction according to sex, ages, or duration with fixed appliances.

민간 체육시설 이용자의 만족도에 관한 연구

진중의,김진표,손영학 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study is on examining closely and precisely the correlations between the realities with using sporting centers and satisfaction of people using them. Firstly, in order to achieve that purpose, I have analyzed the differences in people's satisfaction that are caused by characteristics of the Population Statistics. Then I have studied about effects of realities on people using the sporting centers to the satisfaction. In this research, some health clubs in Teagu have been focused on the frame to be required. I picked 250 people randomly first but excluded 67 people who have been considered as being answered with insincerity or have been omitted due to insufficiency on the final questionnaire, which means finally 193 people were completely answered. This study includes totally 42 questions that are made up of 4 Population statistical questions about tools used as assessments, 3 questions about causes of the realities of sporting activities, and 35 questions about causes of the satisfaction rate by using some analyzing methodologies that are used, such as the frequency analytics, t-test, One way anova, scheffe's post-inspection, interrelationship analytics, regression analytics, and so on. Could get some meaningful results like following with using those methodologies mentioned before. Firstly, I could find out meaningful differences between different categories, amongst the Population Statistics characteristics in people using the sport centers, that were leader's ages, equipment satisfaction differentiated by the standards of education in the sporting programs, equipment satisfaction in the leader's different wages, and so on. Secondly, in the lower leveled realities causes, the equipment satisfaction has been revealed statistically around 5%(actually 8.1%) in frequency of participation whereas the programs have been indicated approximately 5%(actually 7.0%) in the term of participation.