On the Sluicing with Covert Correlates

Sun-Woong Kim,Soo-Bong Kim 한국생성문법학회 2017 생성문법연구 Vol.27 No.3

Kim, Sun-Woong, Kim, Soo-Bong. 2017. On the Sluicing with Covert Correlates. Studies in Generative Grammar, 27-3, 631-647. This paper is an attempt to explain Chung s (2013) generalization not in terms of Case but in terms of phase. The sprouting type sluicing shows that pied piped PPs can be a sluice but not NPs. Regarding this contrast, Chung (2013) captures a generalization that prepositions cannot be stranded under sluicing when the antecedent clause does not contain an indefinite antecedent. An immediate question regarding this generalization is why? Another question, from a broader perspective, does which approach to sluicing better explain the data, PF-deletion or LF-copying. This paper shows that Chung s (2013) generalization regarding the preposition stranding and sprouting type sluicing can be derived from deeper derivational principles in terms of the non-rigid definition of phases. This paper eventually supports the view that the PF-deletion approaches to sluicing are better than LF-copying approaches. The solution is extended to explain the irreparable examples of left branch extraction (LBE) in English.

Thermodynamic Calculations and Parameter Variations for Improving the Extraction Efficiency of Dy in Ternary Alloy System

Sun‑Woo Nam,Sang‑Min Park,Do‑Hyang Kim,Taek‑Soo Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.3

The extraction behavior of dysprosium (Dy) in a rapidly solidified Dy–Fe–B alloy system consisting of Dy2Fe14Band Dy6Fe23phases was investigated using the liquid metal extraction (LME) process. Liquid magnesium (Mg) was selected as the solventmetal in LME because it forms intermetallic compounds with Dy but not with iron (Fe) and boron (B) in this process. Thediffusion behavior of Dy was estimated through thermodynamic calculations and subsequently confirmed by process parameterssuch as temperature and reaction time. As the temperature increases, the extraction rate increases and the maximumextraction efficiency is about 74% Dy for 1 h at 1000 °C. As the reaction time increases, we achieved the maximum extractionefficiency of 95% Dy after 24 h at 900 °C. The factor affecting Dy extraction ratio up to 6 h is Dy6Fe23phase, after which theextraction mainly occurs in Dy2Fe14Bphase. Furthermore, the diffusion behavior is described in detail with analysis basedon microstructural and compositional properties. The effects of process parameters on extraction rate are also discussed.

메치실린 내성 포도상구균에 대한 SK-302의 시험관내 및 생체내 효과

박윤선,김수기,신운섭,최선주,정종순,이종수 關東大學校醫科大學醫科學硏究所 1998 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.2 No.1

SK-302 is the active compound purified from culture filtrate of a streptomyces species (streptomyces sp. 302). The in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of SK-302 were evaluated against 6 clinically isolated MRSA strains and compared with the activities of vancomycin. SK-302 had node in virto antistaphylocoal activity stronger than that of vancomycin exhibiting MIC's, while vancomycin showed very weak 4 to 8fold lower than that of vancomycin. In SK-302 showed killing activity at the MIC, so SK-302 was superior to vancomycin. Furthermore, in acute systemic infections in mice, the ED_50s of SK-302 against infections by high-resistance MRSA were 30 to 40-feold less than that of vancomycin, therefore SK-302 showed potent in vive therapeutic efficacy against MRSA infection, These results suggest that SK-302 has excellent in virto in and in vivo activities against high-resistance MRSA.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

군집 별 표준곡선 매개변수를 이용한 치밀오일 생산성 예측 순환신경망 모델

한동권(Dong-kwon Han),김민수(Min-soo Kim),권순일(Sun-il Kwon) 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

치밀오일 미래 생산성 예측은 잔류오일 회수량 및 저류층 거동 분석을 위해 중요한 작업이다. 일반적으로 석유공학적 관점에서 감퇴곡선법을 이용하여 생산성 예측이 이루어지는데, 최근에는 데이터기반의 머신러닝 기법을 이용한 연구도 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 기반 순환신경망과 LSTM, GRU 알고리즘을 이용하여 미래 생산량 예측을 위한 효과적인 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 입력변수로는 치밀오일 생산 시 산출되는 오일, 가스, 물과 이와 더불어 다양한 군집분석을 통해 산출된 표준곡선이 주요 매개변수이고, 출력변수는 월별 오일 생산량이다. 기존의 경험적 모델인 감퇴곡선법과 순환신경망 모델들을 비교하였으며, 모델의 예측성능을 향상시키기 위해 하이퍼파라미터 튜닝을 통해 최적 모델을 도출하였다. Predicting future productivity of tight oil is an important task for analyzing residual oil recovery and reservoir behavior. In general, productivity prediction is made using the decline curve analysis(DCA). In this study, we intend to propose an effective model for predicting future production using deep learning-based recurrent neural networks(RNN). LSTM, and GRU algorithms. As input variables, the main parameters are oil, gas, water, which are calculated during the production of tight oil, and the type curve calculated through various cluster analyzes. the output variable is the monthly oil production. Existing empirical models, the DCA and RNN models, were compared, and an optimal model was derived through hyperparameter tuning to improve the predictive performance of the model.

PC를 이용한 소아과 퇴원환자 관리시스템

하태선,이태수,차은종,박범수,한헌석,채수일 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1993 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.3 No.1

본원 소아과 입원환자의 퇴원요약 기록을 전산관리하는 시스템을 개발하였다. 소아과 환자관리에 적합하도록 퇴원요약지를 설계하였고 개인용 컴퓨터를 사용하여 관리하도록 구성하였다. 주 기억장치 4MB와 보조기억 장치 120MB HDD을 장착한 PC-386DX 시스템을 기반으로 개발하였고 소프트웨어로는 FoxPro v2.0을 사용하였다. pull-down menu 방식과 window방식을 적용하여 비전문가라 할지라도 손쉽게 사용할수 있도록 하였고 정보입력 및 수정시 사용자 편의를 최대한 반영하고자 하였다. "AND"와 "OR"연산자를 사용하여 다양한 검색이 가능하였다. 본 시스템은 현재 본원 소아과에서 실무에 적용하고 있으며 향후 통계분석과 임상연구에 크게 활용할 수 있으리라 생각된다. A PC-based system was developded to manage discharge summary records of pediatric patients. It is based on a PC-386DX system equipped with 4MB memory and 120MB HDD, and its software was written in FOXPRO V2.0. Any users unfamiliar with computer can make an easy access to the data through pull-down menu and windows system. Logical operators of "AND" and/or "OR" enabled a flexible and various search conditions. The present system is being under clinical use in the Department of Pediatrics, and warrants future applications to statistical analysis as well as clinical research projects.

자바가상머신을 위한 클래스 로더 시스템 설계 및 구현

유용선(YONG SUN RYU),류현수(HYUN SOO RYU),김용희(YONG HEE KIM),이철훈(CHEOL-HOON LEE) 한국정보과학회 2004 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.31 No.1A

최근 무선인터넷이 발달함에 따라, 핸드폰이나 PDA 및 정보가전용 기기들에 플랫폼 독립성, 이식성, 네트워크 이동성의 장점을 갖는 자바기술을 적용한 서비스가 증가하고 있다. 자바 플랫폼은 각각의 하드웨어 플랫폼에 맞게 포팅된 가상머신이 존재하여, 컴파일된 바이트 코드를 해석하기 때문에 플랫폼 독립성을 갖게 된다. 그러나 sun사의 JVM을 사용할 경우 고가의 royalty를 지불해야 하기 때문에 경쟁력을 높이기 위해 “클린눔(Clean Room)"에서 개발한 국산 KVM이 절실하며, 이에 국내에서 활발한 연구가 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 자바가상머신의 일부분인 클래스 로더 시스템에 관해 설계 및 구현한다.

태양돛 기술 동향

조형순(Hyeong-Sun Cho),김학인(Hak-In Kim),이수용(Soo-Yong Lee),노진호(Jin-Ho Roh) 한국항공우주학회 2014 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.42 No.6

태양돛은 태양 광자들의 운동량 변화를 이용하여 추력을 얻는 우주선이다. 매우 작지만 연속적인 가속도를 얻을 수 있어 태양돛은 다양한 임무를 수행할 수 있다. 효과적인 임무 개발을 위해서는 태양돛의 형상, 돛의 재료 그리고 전개 장치에 따른 구조/재료적 특성뿐만 아니라 위성의 임무 궤적에 따른 자세제어 방법들을 고려해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 태양돛의 기술발전, 태양돛 제작에 필요한 소요기술 그리고 태양돛을 이용한 향후 개발 가능한 위성 임무에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다. Solar sail spacecrafts can gain propulsion using the momentum change through reflecting the photon packets of energy from the Sun. The sail slowly but continuously accelerates to accomplish a wide-range of potential missions. To develop the potential mission of the solar sail, the configuration, the film characteristics and the deployment devices should be carefully considered. In this paper, recent development and activities of the solar sail are introduced and design technology of the sail subsystem is investigated.

Differentiation of Desmoplastic Spitz Nevus from Similar Conditions

( Min-woo Kim ),( Ji Soo Lim ),( Yun Seon Choe ),( Jung Ho Kim ),( Hyun-sun Yoon ),( Soyun Cho ),( Hyun-sun Park ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회지 Vol.54 No.9

The diagnosis of classic Spitz nevus with characteristic histopathologic findings is often straightforward, but unusual variants can cause diagnostic difficulties. Desmoplastic Spitz nevus (DSN) is of particular importance, as its differential diagnosis from other diseases, including desmoplastic malignant melanoma (DMM), is essential but often difficult¹. A 38-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 6-mm brownish papule of unknown onset on the dorsum of her left hand (Fig. 1A). She did not report any change in the papule size, trauma history, or related symptoms, but she wanted to have the lesion removed. Punch excision of the specimen revealed proliferation of individual spindle and epithelioid cells with scanty pigmentation within dense colla-genous dermal stroma (Fig. 1B, C). The specimen was focal positive for S-100 and HMB-45, positive for Melan-A, and 1% positive for Ki-67 (Fig. 2A∼C). The lesion did not recur after punch excision at the 1-year follow-up. Since its first report in 1975, there have been only a few case series of DSN owing to the rarity of this disease and its under-recognition, except for intermittent case reports^1-3. DSN usually presents as a small red-brown papule on the trunk and extremities. It can occur at any age, but is mostly observed in young adults, with a slight female predominance. The distinctive histopathologic features of DSN―an intradermal growth pattern of large spindle or epithelioid nevus cells embedded in a fibrotic stroma, sparse melanin pigment, no junctional activity, no Kamino bodies, no prominent nest formation―can aid its differentiation from clinical simulators. Additionally, immunohistochemistry is essential for a differential diagnosis. DSN tests positive for S-100, Melan-A, and HMB-45, whereas dermatofibroma is negative for all three³. Hypomelanotic blue nevus shows uniform positivity for HMB-45, whereas DSN shows differential expression in most spindled cells3. The distinction between DSN and DMM is the most important. DMM is more common in elderly patients and tends to occur on sun-damaged head and neck areas. It also shows cellular atypia, strong mitotic activity and Ki-67 expression, less frequent S-100 and Melan-A positivity, and almost exclusive negativity for HMB-45^2,3. Some researchers regarded DSN as an end stage of Spitz nevus that had lost continuity with the epidermis and undergone fibrosis. Paniago-Pereira et al.² also reported that DSNs occurred in patients older than 30 years. These findings suggest that desmoplasia might be an aging process of Spitz nevus. However, Barr et al.1 found no significant difference in patient age, disease duration, or trauma history between patients with DSN and common variants of Spitz nevus, and suggested that desmoplasia may be a tumor-induced reactive stromal induction rather than a regressive phenomenon. The pathogenesis of desmoplasia has not yet been clearly elucidated. Moreover, it is controversial whether DSN should be regarded as a variant of Spitz nevus or whether it belongs to a spectrum of desmoplastic nevus as a distinctive entity^3,4. Some researchers5 suggested strict diagnostic criteria for de-smoplastic nevus, including greater cellularity in the super-ficial portion, and a mixture of melanocytic nevus cells, ovoid and dendritic melanocytes, and spitzoid melanocytes. Further, they mentioned that lesions in which one particular type of melanocyte predominates over others are more likely to represent DSN. Dermoscopic findings can also aid the distinction, because DSN shows dotted vessels and reticular depigmentation whereas desmoplastic nevus demonstrates a delicate pigment network over a pinkish background⁴. Although it is regrettable that we did not acquire dermoscopic image to support the diagnosis, our case overall seems more com-patible with DSN. However, the probability of a morphologic spectrum that embraces DSN and desmoplastic nevus cannot be excluded, and requires further studies. Here, we report an unusual desmoplastic variant of Spitz nevus with a literature review, and propose keynotes for differential diagnosis from its simulators, especially DMM.

진행성 비소세포폐암의 이차항암화학요법으로서 Docetaxel 단독요법의 성적

강현모,이정은,장필순,이연선,권선중,안진영,정성수,김주옥,김선영 충남대학교 암공동연구소 2006 암공동연구소 업적집 Vol.5 No.

Background : The survival benefit associated with first-line chemotherapy in lung cancer has led to the need for second -line chemotherapy, for which Docetaxel (Taxotere^(?)) has proven efficacy in both settings. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of docetaxel in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who had failed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods : Thirty one patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, who had failed first line platinum-based chemotherapy, between March 1999 and August 2003, were enrolled in this study. Patients received intravenous docetaxel, either 75 mg/㎡ or 100 mg/㎡, with routine premedication every three weeks. Results : Fourteen patients (45.2%) had a partial response. The median survival and progression- free survival times were 12.5 months (95% CI 7.3-17.6) and 3.0 months (95% CI 1.6-4.5), respectively. This study showed 2 factors gave different survival benefits; the age (< 60 years: 20.1 months vs. > 60 years: 6.6 months, p=0.0105) and the histological type (adenocarcinoma: 25.6 months vs. others: 7.9 months, p=0.0055). The predominant toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred as WHO grade 3 or 4 in 38.7 % of patients. One treatment related death was also reported. Non-hematological toxicity was minor and easily controlled. There were no significant statistical differences in the survival benefit and toxicity between the two doses. Conclusion : Docetaxel, as second-line monotherapy, was well tolerated and effective in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who failed first line platinum -based chemotherapy. (Tuberc Respir DiS 2005: 58: 465-472) 연구배경 : 일차항암화학요법 후에 생존의 이득을 얻었음에도 불구하고 비소세포폐암 환자들의 대다수가 결국은 재발하거나 진행성 병변을 보인다. 이에 저자들은 기존의 여러 연구에서 보고 된 구제요법으로서 docetaxel의 항암효과와 비교적 적은 독성의 결과를 바탕으로,platinum을 근거로 한 항암화학요법을 시행 밖았으나 개발되거나 진행된 비소세포폐암 환자들을 대상으로 docetaxel 단독요법의 치료효과와 부작용에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 조직학적으로 비소세포폐암으로 진단을 받고 platinum을 근거로 한 항암화학요법을 받았으나 재발 또는 진행성 병변을 보인 31명의 환자들을 대상으로 docetaxel 75 mg/m² 또는 100 mg/m²을 3주마다 정주하였다. 임상기록을 통한 후향적인 방법으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 1) 재발 또는 진행성 병변을 보인 31명중 남녀 비는 24:7이고 중앙연령은 60세였다. 2) 반응평가로 완전 관해는 없었고 부분관해는 14명(45.2%), 불변이 10명(32.3%), 진행이 7명(22.6%)으로 전체적인 반응율은 45.2%이었다. 3)중앙생존기간은 12.5개월(95% 신뢰구간: 7.3개월 17.6개월) 이었고, 1년 생존율은 52%였다. 무진행생존기간의 중앙값은 3.0개월(95%신뢰구간: 1.6개월 -4.5개월)이며, 반응군에서의 중앙반응지속피간은 3.7개월(95% 신뢰구간: 3.0개월 - 4.4개월)이었다. 4) 60세 미만인 경우(20.1 months vs 6.6 months. p=0,0105), 조직학적 아형이 선암일 경우(25.6 months vs 7.9 months, 0=0.0055) 통계적으로 유의한 생존기간의 증가가 있었다. 5) 부작용으로 3도 이상의 백혈구 감소증은 12명(38.7%),호중구 감소증에 동반된 발열은 6명(19.3%),감염이 동반된 호중구 감소증은 4명(12.9%)에서 발생했다. 치료와 관련되어 1명이 사망하였다. 6) Docetaxel 용량에 따른 생존기간의 차이나 독성의 차이는 없었다. 결론 : Platinum을 근거로 하는 항암화학요법으로 치료받은 후 재발 또는 진행성 병변을 보이는 비소세포폐암환자들에게 docetaxel을 투여하는 것은 비교적 안전하고 효과적인 항암치료법으로 사료된다.