운동 직후 고온 침수가 EPOC와 TG/ fatty acid cycling에 미치는 영향

조현철,김종규,강민철,홍완표,박노혁 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2005 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose this study was to estimate effects of EPOC and TG/fatty acid cycling on warm water immersion of immediately after exercise. To elucidate the role of fatty metabolism, a sequence of five experiments was performed. Seven physically active, male subjects volunteered to participate in the presented study. The mean values for age, body mass and hight were 25±1.52 yr, 79.2±9.52kg, 177.2±4.62cm, respectively. After giving consent, participant visited the laboratory on six occasion: 1) 30min of treadmill exercise VO2max 55% and a further 60min recovery, 2) 30min partial body warm water immersion in a 39℃ and a further 60min recovery, 3) 30min whole body warm water immersion in a 39℃ and a further 60min recovery, 4) 30min of treadmill exercise VO2mas 55% and in 30min partial body warm water immersion in a 39℃, 5) 30min of treadmill exercise VO2max 55% and in 30min whole body warm water immersion in a 39℃. When compared by recover period within repeat on the base of changes of subjects average body temperature, not effective interactions among repeat. However, partial and whole body warm water immersion immediately after exercise shows it as the best effective exercise for VO2max 55%, partial and whole body warm water immersion. When compared by recover period within repeat on the base of changes of subjects EPOC, effective interactions among repeat(p<.05). Partial and whole body warm water immersion immediately after exercise shows it as the best effective exercise for VO2mas 55%, partial and whole body warm water immersion. The catecholamines concentration was significantly higher partial and whole body warm water immersion than exercise of VO2max 55%(p<.05). The TG concentration and free fatty acid was significantly higher partial and whole body warm water immersion immediately after exercise than exercise of VO2max 55% than Partial and whole body warm water immersion(p<.05). Based on the facts that we have discussed above, human metabolism is increased by both exercise and conditions of immersion and partial and whole body warm water immersion immediately after exercise than exercise of VO2maw 55% shows it as better effective treatment for increasing TG/Fatty acid cycling activation. Due to extremely heavy stress complained by subjects during whole body immersion, it is thought that more researches on it should be required.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

신장기능영상용 방사성의약품 Bz - MAG3 ( Benzoylmercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine ) 의 키트화 및 체내분포

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),김영주(Young Ju Kim),정재민(Jae Min Jeong),장영수(Young Soo Chang),조정혁(Jung Hyuk Cho) 대한핵의학회 1996 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.30 No.3

N/A The MAG3 is a tubular excreting radiopharmaceutical for renal image. We synthe-sized benzoyl MAG3 (Bz-MAG3) and made a kit for labeling with Tc-99m. We checked the labeling effeciency of Tc-99m labeled MAG3 and biodistribution. Labeling efficiency was checked by TLC- SG (acetonitrile/H2O=2/1). After injecting of 1 mCi of Tc-99M-MAG3 to ICR-mice, Tmax(min), T1/2(min) were obtained in the renogram. Sequencial images (30sec, 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min) of TC-99m-MAG3 were compared with those of commercial Tc-99m-DTPA (Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Co.) kit. 1) The Rf value of synthesized Tc-99m-MAG3 was 0.78 and labeling efficiency was 97.5±1.9% (n=10). 2) The dynamic images of the Tc-99m-MAG3 were better than those of the Tc-99m-DTPA. 3) The Tmax(min.) and T1/2(min.) of Tc-99m-MAG3 (n=10) were 1.5±0.5 (left), 1.4±0.4(right), and 4.3±1.4 (left), 4.8±2.0 (right), respectivel. The Tmax(min.) and T1/2(min.) of Tc-99m-DTPA (n=7) were 2.7±1.6 (left), 2.7±1.6 right), and 3.8±1.7 (left), 4.5±2.7 (right), respectively. The quaility of image and labeling efficiency of the synthesized Bz-MAG3 kit were excellent, that it was supposed to be used in routine clinical work.

개의 전침마취가 Vital sign 및 혈액가스치 변화에 미치는 영향

임연수,송근호,유명조,서지민,김명철,김덕환,Lim, Yeon-Soo,Song, Kun-Ho,You, Myung-Jo,Seo, Jee-Min,Kim, Myung-Chul,Kim, Duck-Hwan 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

The present study was performed to elucidate the effect of canine electroacupuncture anesthesia on vital signs and blood gas values. Groups were divided into experimental (electroacupuncture: EA) and control (ketamine) groups. The vital signs (body temperature, respiration rate and pulse) and blood gas values (pH, $pCO_2$ and $pO_2$) of venous and arterial blood were determined. Body temperatures of EA group were significant higher than than of ketamine group at 15 min., 30 min., 45min. and 60 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia, respectively. The respiration rates of EA group were higher than those of ketamine group, however, significant differences were not observed between both groups. The pulses of EA group were significant higher than those of ketamine group at 5 min. (p<0.05), 10 min. (p<0.01), 15 min. and 30 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia, respectively. The arterial and venous blood pHs of ketamine group were slightly higher than those of EA group, respectively, however, no significant differences were found between both groups. Significant differences were not observed between both groups in the arterial and venous blood $pCO_2$, respectively. The arterial blood $pO_2$ of EA group was significant higher than those of ketamine group at 5 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia. No significant differences were observed between both groups in the venous blood $pO_2$. These results suggest that the changes of vital signs and blood gas values of EA group are similar to those of ketamine group with the exception of changes in the body temperature, pulse and arterial blood $pO_2$.

Simultaneous Determination of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants and Cannabinoids in Fingernails by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Kim, Jin-Young,Cheong, Jae-Chul,Kim, Min-Kyoung,Lee, Jae-Il,In, Moon-Kyo 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous detection and quantification of four amphetamine-type stimulants (amphetamine (AP), methamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)) and two cannabinoids (${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol (${\Delta}^9$-THC) and 11-nor-${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THCCOOH)) in fingernails. Fingernail clippings (30 mg) were washed with distilled water and methanol, and then incubated in 1.0 M sodium hydroxide at $95^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The compounds of interest were isolated by liquidliquid extraction followed by derivatization with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) at $70^{\circ}$ for 15 min. The derivatized compounds were analyzed by GC-MS in the selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The linear ranges were 0.1-15.0 ng/mg for AP, 0.2-15.0 ng/mg for MDA, ${\Delta}^9$-THC and THCCOOH, and 0.2-30.0 ng/mg for MA and MDMA, with good correlation coefficients ($r^2$ < 0.9991). The intra-day, inter-day, and inter-person precisions were within 10.6%, 6.3%, and 5.3%, respectively. The intra-day, inter-day and inter-person accuracies were between -6.1 and 5.0%, -6.2 and 5.7%, and -6.4 and 5.6%, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) for each compound were lower than 0.056 and 0.2 ng/mg, respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 74.0-94.8%. Positive GC-MS results were obtained from specimens of nine suspected MA or cannabis abusers. The concentration ranges of MA, AP, and THCCOOH were 0.10-1.41, 0.12-2.64, and 0.20 ng/mg, respectively. Based on these results, the method proved to be effective for the simultaneous qualification and quantification of amphetamine-type stimulants and cannabinoids in fingernails.

Cutting performance of tungsten carbide tools coated with diamond thin films after etching for various times

Kim, Jong Seok,Park, Yeong Min,Bae, Mun Ki,Kim, Chi Whan,Kim, Dae Weon,Shin, Dong Chul,Kim, Tae Gyu World Scientific Publishing Company 2018 Modern physics letters. B, Condensed matter physic Vol.32 No.20

<P>In this study, diamond thin films were deposited on tungsten carbide tools using surface-wave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (SWP-CVD). To eliminate the adverse effects of cobalt on the diamond deposition process, the cobalt was removed from the surface of the tools by etching with Murakami’s reagent for various times (30, 60, and 120 min). The cutting performance of the untreated and the diamond-coated WC tools was examined by performing cutting test on carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP). The results showed that all the diamond-coated tools exhibited great improvement on the durability and wear resistance compared to the uncoated one. In addition, the diamond-coated tool lift time is found to be proportional to the etching time. An increase more than twofold has been achieved when the etch time was increased from 30 min to 120 min.</P>

Casein micelle 의 조성에 관한 연구 : I. Micelle 크기 별에 따른 각 casein 의 구성비율 I. The relative amounts of individual caseins in the different casein micelles

김영교,신동철,전우민 한국낙농학회 1984 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.6 No.1

本 實驗은 casein miceile의 크기에 따른 각종 casein의 構成成分을 究明하고자 超遠心分離機를 利用하여 casein micelle을 크기 別로 分類하고 DEAE-cellulose column chromatography를 이용하여 각 casein의 構成比率을 조사하였다. 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 脫脂乳를 100,000×g에서 각각 30分, 60分, 90分동안, 200,000×g에서 60分동안 遠心分離하였을 때 沈澱되는 casein micelle 量은 45.00%, 61.43%, 80.00% 및 95.00%였으며 沈澱되지 않는 serum casein量은 55.00%, 38.57%, 20.00% 및 5.00%였다. 2. 脫脂乳를 100,000×g에서 時間 差에 따라서 遠心分離하였을 때 각각 沈澱되는 casein micelle量은 10分間에는 全 casein量의 23.13%, 11∼30分間에는 30.26%, 31∼60分間에는 28.11%였으며, 60分問의 遠心分離에 의해서 沈澱되지 않는 serum casein은 17.79%였다. 3. 時問 差로 遠心分離하여 얻어진 casein micelle중 각 casein의 構成比率을 測定한 結果, α_s-casein, β-casein, κ-casein 및 γ-casein의 상대적인 量은 100,000×g, 10分의 pellet에서 각각 54%, 29%, 11% 및 6%였고, 100,000×g, 11∼30分의 pellet에서는 각각 54%, 28%, 13% 및 5%였고, 100,000×g, 31∼60分의 pellet에서는 각각 51%, 28%, 16% 및 5%로 나타났으며, serum casein은 44%, 29%, 19% 및 8%로 각각 나타났다. This experiment was carried out to study on the protein composition of casein micelles. Three micellar casein pellets and a serum casein were isolated at diferent time of ultracen trifugation. And the composition of individual caseins for the fractions was determined by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The results are summarized as follows: 1. When skimmilk was centrifuged for 30 min, 60 min and 90 min at 100,000g and for 60 min at 200,000g, the values for the sedimented casein micelles were 45.00%, 61.43%, 80.00% and 95.00% respectively and that of serum casein was 55.00%, 38.57%, 20.00% and 5.00% respectively. 2. When skimmilk was centrifuged for different time at 100,000g, the values for the sedimented casein micelles were 23.18% for 10 min.(pellet 1), 30.26% from 11 to 30 min.(pellet 2), 28.11% from 31 to 60 min.(pellet 3) and that of serum casein which was not sedimented at 60 min was 17.79% of the total casin. 3. The relative amounts of α_s-, β-, k- and γ-caseins in casein micelles obtained after different time of centrifugation were 54%, 29%, 11% and 8% in pellet 1, 54%, 28%, 13% and 5% in pellet 2, 51%, 28%, 16% and 5% in pellet 3,44%, 29%, 19% and 8% in serum casein respectively.

성인 지역사회 폐렴의 원인 미생물에 대한 전향적 다기관 연구 : Legionella, Leptospira, Hantaan virus and Orientia tsutsugamushi

김민자,정희진,손장욱,심희선,박대원,박승철,우준희,강재명,김유겸,신완식,김양리,이환종,김지희 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.1

Background : Despite rigorous investigations, the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia remains unknown in about 50% of hospitalized patients. The diagnosis of the etiological agent is becoming more challenging and more critical as number of newer pathogens have been recognized in recent years. In the 3-year period prospective study we investigated adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia for Legionella, Leptospira, Hantaan virus and Orientia tsutsugamushi as potential etiologic agents. Methods : A prospective multicenter study was performed from May 1997 to April 2000. A total of 431 patients with community-acquired pneumonia under the inclusion criteria were examined for specific microbial diagnosis; sputum culture and PCR, and serologic teats including indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test for Legionella, and hemagglutination tests for Leptosoira, Hantaan virus and O. tsutsugamushi. Etiologic diagnosis was determined on the basis of the review of case record forms and specific laboratory diagnostic criteria. Results : During the study period a total of 385 sputum and 283 serum samples were examined. Legionella pneumonia was diagnosed in 2.3% (10/431) of the cases examined : 1.4% cases with PCR-positive (5/367) and 2.1% with positive IFA test (6/283). Leptospirosis and scrub typhus were diagnosed in 0.4% (1/252) and 2.0% (5/252), respectively. All 5 cases with scrub typhus occurred in late fall, and rash or eschar was not found. None of cases was Hantaan virus infection. Conclusion : The results suggest that Legionella, Leptospira, and O. tsutsugamushi should be considered in the etiologic diagnosis and empirical antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. (Korean J Infect Dis 32:24∼31, 2001)

위절제술 환자의 표준진료지침 개발 및 적용 효과

김은희,김철규,이순교,김순덕,이혜옥,권정순,이경미,이민미,심순미,유용만,신종식,강은희,이상일,김병식,오성태,육정환,박수길 한국의료QA학회 2003 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background : Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Korea. surgical operation is one of the major treatment modalities for gastric cancer patients. Therefore, gastrectomy is one of the most common procedures in General Surgery. There were variation in length of hospital stay and medical treatment for gastrectomy between three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. Clinical pathways have received considerable attention as a tool for recucing the medical practice variation, increasing the efficiency of care process, and improving the quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a clinical pathway for gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. Methods : The clinical pathway for gastrectomy was developed and implemented by a multidisciplinary group in Asan Medical Center. A computerized clinical pathway program was developed and revised after a pilot test. A total of 145 patients underwent gastrectomy by three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. We compared the length of hospital stay, patient satisfaction, and unplanned readmission rate between the pre-pathway group(n=67) and the post-pathway group(n=78). We also investigated the degree of satisfaction among the physicians and nurses who were main end-users of the clinical pathway. Results : The clinical pathway was applied to all target patients. The average length of hospital stay was shortened from 12.7days to 10.6days(p<0.01). The degree of patient satisfaction with the care process changed from 90.3% to 89.2% after the implementation of the clinical pathway, but the difference was of satistically significant(p=0.761). Unplanned readmission rate was 2.9% in the pre-pathway group. More than 90% of physicians and nurses answered that the clinical pathway had been a useful tool in their medical practice. Conclusions : The findings of the study demonstrated that implementation of the clinical pathway for gastrectomy produced substantial reduction in the length of hospital stay while improving the quality of patient outcomes. The computerized clinical pathway program can be used as one of the powerful patient management tools for reducing the practice variations and increasing the efficiency of care process in Korea hospital settings.

Effect of Forging Type on the Deformation Heterogeneities in Multi‑Axial Diagonal Forged AA1100

Min‑Seong Kim,Sang‑Chul Kwon,Sun‑Tae Kim,Seong Lee,Hyo‑Tae Jeong,Shi‑Hoon Choi 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.3

The present study investigated the effects that different types of forging exert on the deformation heterogeneities developedin AA1100 during multi-axial diagonal forging. To measure the deformation heterogeneities of deformed workpieces, thevalues for hardness and Kernel average misorientation were measured at the center section following each forging process. Type-D forging that consists of diagonal forging and return-diagonal forging was relatively advantageous compared withType-P forging that includes plane forging and return-plane forging for minimizing the non-uniformity of deformationdeveloped in workpieces. The effective strain developed in a workpiece during the 2 types of forging was simulated using3-D FEA. FEA revealed that the positions and degrees of occurrence for soft and hard-zones in workpieces vary greatlydepending on the forging type. Type-D forging was relatively advantageous compared with Type-P forging for minimizingthe non-uniformity of effective strain developed in workpieces.