정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

배 유과 가공제품의 품질 특성 및 저장 중 생균수 변화

민진홍, 현세희1, 나광출, 이종수, 김하근 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 自然科學論文集 Vol.23 No.1

To develop the functional pear fruitlet product, we prepared dried pear fruitlet and fermented pear fruitlet, respectively. Then we investigated their general characteristics, and viable cell number changes during the storage at room temperature. We also determined preference for their tastes. Dried pear fruitlet contained more ash and crude proteins as well as minerals than fermented pear fruitlet. However fermented pear fruitlet contained higher amount of edible fiber than dried pear fruitlet. Fungi were not detected from dried pear fruitlet during the storage experiment at room temperature. Numbers of bacteria from dried pear fruitlet were increased from 1.1☓105/g at the beginning to2.6☓106/g at the last day of experiment. When we determined change of fungi number during the storage of fermented pear fruitlet, we cannot detect fungi at the beginning but we detected 4.4☓102/g of fungi at the last day of storage experiment. Bacteria from fermented pear fruitlet were detected at around 1.0☓109/g during the storage periods. Preference for fermented pear fruitlet was superior to dried one.

신부전증과 폐에 Pseudolyrmphorma를 동만한 원발성 Sjogren 증후군 : Cyclophosphamide와 Prednisolone에 의한 성공적인 치료

강민규,구영선,황평주,김종학,나기량,서광선,이강욱,신영태 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.4

Microbial Differentiation on Chemical Properties of Paddy Soils in Reclaimed Tidal Lands at Western-coast Area of Korea

Mi-Na Park,Kwang-Min Yang,Jin-Hee Ryu,Tongmin Sa,Joon-Ho Choi 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.4

The scientific information on the microbial differentiation according to the changes in chemical properties of paddy soil in reclaimed tidal lands is not enough to understand the reclamation processes. The changes in microflora based on the chemical properties of paddy soils at the same sites of reclaimed tidal lands (21 samples from Nampo, Ewon, Sukmoon and Shihwa sites) were investigated in 2013 and 2015. In general, organic matter in paddy soils increased whereas pH decreased with the reclamation time. The electrical conductivities (EC) of soil samples were closely related to the exchangeable Na+. With an increases in EC of paddy soils from 0.39 to 48.9 dS m-1, the ratios (%) of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria to mesophilic bacteria proportionally increased from 0.2% to 102,000%. The population of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria in total microflora was also differentiated with the changes in EC of the same sites from reclaimed tidal soils within 2 years. The population of mesophilic bacteria decreased with an increase in EC above 5 dS m-1. The microflora including halotolerant and halophilic bacteria could be a candidate as a biological parameter in evaluating the reclamation processes in addition to the chemical index of EC.

Effects of electroacupuncture on cold allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain : Mediation by spinal adrenergic and serotonergic receptors

Kim, Sun Kwang,Park, Jung Hyuk,Bae, Sang Jin,Kim, Ji Hoon,Hwang, Byung Gil,Min, Byung Il,Park, Dong Suk,Na, Heung Sik KYUNG HEE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER 2006 고황의학상 수상논문집 Vol.21-22 No.-

The present study was performed to examine the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on cold allodynia and its mechanisms related to the spinal adrenergic and serotonergic systems in a rat model of neuropathic pain. For the neuropathic surgery, the right superior caudal trunk was resected at the level between S1 and S2 spinal nerves innervating the tail. Two weeks after the nerve injury, EA stimulation (2 or 100 Hz) was delivered to Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min. The behavioral signs of cold allodynia were evaluated by the tail immersion test [i.e., immersing the tail in cold water (4℃) and measuring the latency to an abrupt tail movement] before and after the stimulation. And then, we examined the effects of intrathecal injection of prazosin (α_(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist, 30 ㎍), yohimbine (α_(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, 30 ㎍), NAN-190 (5-HT_(1A) antagonist, 15 ㎍), ketanserin (5-HT_(2A) antagonist, 30 ㎍), and MDL-72222 (5-HT_(3) antagonist, 12 ㎍) on the action of EA stimulation. Although both 2 Hz and 100 Hz EA significantly relieved the cold allodynia signs, 2 Hz EA induced more robust effects than 100 Hz EA. In addition, intrathecal injection of yohimbine, NAN-190, and MDL-72222, but not prazosin and ketanserin, significantly blocked the relieving effects of 2 Hz EA on cold allodynia. These results suggest that low-frequency (2 Hz) EA is more suitable for the treatment of cold allodynia than high-frequency (100 Hz) EA, and spinal α_(2)-adrenergic, 5-HT_(1A) and 5-HT_(3), but not α_(1)-adrenergic and 5-HT_(2A), receptors play important roles in mediating the relieving effects of 2 Hz EA on cold allodynia in neuropathic rats.

Effects of electroacupuncture on clod allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain : Mediation by spinal adrenergic and serotonergic receptors

Kim, Sun-Kwang,Park, Jung-Hyuk,Bae, Sang-JIn,Kim, JI-Hoon,Hwang, Byung-Gil,Min, Byung-Il,Park, Doing Suk,Na, Heung-Sik EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

The present study was performed to examine the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on cold allodynia and its mechanisms related to the spinal adrenergic and serotonergic systems in a rat model of neuropathic pain. For the neuropathic surgery, the right superior caudal trunk was resected at the level between S1 and S2 spinal nerves innervating the tail. Two weeks after the nerve injury. EA simulation (2 or 100 Hz) was delivered to Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min. The behavioral signs of cold allodynia were evaluated by the tail immersion test{i.c., immersing the tail in cole water (4℃) and measuring the latency to an abrupt tail movement} before and after the stimulation. And then, we examined the effects of intrathecal injection of prazosin (α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist, 30 ㎍), yohimbine (α₂-adrenoceptor antagonist, 30 ㎍), NAN-190 (5HT_(1A) antagonist, 15 ㎍), ketanserin (5-HT_(2A) antagonist, 30 ㎍), and MDL-72222 (5-HT_(3) antagonist, 12 ㎍) on the action of EA simulation. Although both 2 Hz and 100 Hz EA significantly relieved the cold allodynia signs, 2 Hz EA induced more robust effects than 100 Hz EA. In addition, intrathecal injection of yohimbine, NAN-190, and MDL-72222, but not prazosin and ketanserin, significantly blocked the relieving effects of 2 Hz EA on cold allodynia. These results suggest that low-frequency (2 Hz) EA is more suitable for the treatment of cold allodynia than high-frequency (100 Hz) EA. and spinal α₂-adrenergic, 5-HT_(3), but not α₁-adrenergic and 5-HT_(2A), receptors play important roles in mediating the relieving effects of 2 Hz EA on cold allodynia in neuropathic rats.

부분 신절제 백서모델에서 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor 및 Angiotensin II ATI 수용체 길항제가 Plasma Renin Activity 및 Angiotensin II level에 미치는 영향

김종학,구영선,강민규,황평주,나기량,이강욱,서광선,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Renin-angiotensin-system(RAS) has been thought to have a pivotal role in renal injury mechanism. Many reports state that the inhibition of RAS prevents the progression of renal disease in 5/6 nephrectomized rats as a typical chronic renal failure model. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor blocks the conversion from Angiotensin I to Angiotensin Ⅱ (A-Ⅱ ), and ATI RA inhibits the action of A-Ⅱ at the level of AT1 receptor. Therefore the PRA and A-Ⅱ level may be influenced independently by each treatment modality with these drugs. In this study, the influence of long term treatment with ACEI or AT1RA in these models on systolic blood pressure, PRA, and A-Ⅱ level was evaluated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 270-300 grams were anesthesized with thiopental sodium(50 mg/kg) and underwent right nephrectomy and partial(approximately two thirds) infarction of the left kidney by ligation of two-three segmental arterial branches. The rats were divided into four groups : sham group, control group, 5/6 subtotal nephrectomized and ACEI treated group (enalapril 100 mg/L in drinking water), 5/6 subtotal nephrectomized and ATIRA treated group (losartan, 200 mg/L in drinking water). They were treated for twelve weeks. In the twelve weeks, both groups treated with ACEI and AT1RA ingestion demonstrated a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure(165±23 vs. 132±9, mmHg, control vs. ACEI, M±SEM, p<0.05, 165±23 vs. 124±7 mmHg, control vs. ATIRA, M±SEM, p<0.01) compare to the control group. In both group treated with ACEI and AT1RA showed a significant increase in PRA(ACEI ; 7.2±2.9, AT1RA ; 4.7±0.4, control ; 2.7±1.1, sham ; 2.7±1.4, ng/ml/hr, ACEI vs. control and sham, M±SEM, p<0.05). However no significant differences were found in the sham vs. control(p>0.05), and in ACEI vs. control. The plasma A-II level was significantly increased in AT1RA treated group compared to sham and ACEI treated group(2,753±543 vs. 484±169.3, ng/ ml, AT1RA vs. Sham, p<0.01). In conclusion, treatment with ACEI and AT1RA for twelve weeks normalized systolic blood pressure, proteinuria and increased PRA compared to the control group; whereas plasma A-II level was increased only by AT1RA treatment.

신장조직 손상의 진행에 있어서 Renin-Angiotensin System 의 역할에 관한 연구

이강욱,송정헌,강민규,황평주,김종학,나기량,서광선,박정규,신영태 대한신장학회 2001 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.20 No.3

잔디종자의 물리적 전처리가 캘러스 형성과 식물체 재분화에 미치는 효과

안나영,김용구,라하만 아티쿨,배은지,최수민,이광수,이병현,Ahn, Na-Young,Kim, Yong-Goo,Rahman, Md. Atikur,Bae, Eun Ji,Choi, Su Min,Lee, Kwang Soo,Lee, Byung-Hyun 한국초지조사료학회 2015 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.35 No.4

잔디에 있어서 낮은 형질전환 효율의 직접적인 원인 중에 하나인 낮은 캘러스 유도율과 식물체 재분화율을 개선시키기 위하여 잔디 완숙종자의 전처리의 효과를 비교해 보았다. 살균한 잔디종자에 swelling 처리를 10분간 실시한 후, sea sand를 이용 하여 sea sand와 종자의 비율을 1:1로 한 다음, shaking 처리는 vortex speed 6 (1,000 rpm)에서 처리시간은 10분간 전처리를 실시하였을 때 무처리구에 비해 2배 이상의 배양 효율을 나타내었다. 또한 sea sand로 전처리한 잔디종자로부터 형성된 캘러스를 식물체 재분화 유도배지에 치상했을 그 효율이 훨씬 더 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 연중 아무 때나 이용할 수 있는 장점을 지닌 잔디 완숙종자로부터 유도시킨 캘러스 세포를 이용하여 Agrobacterium으로 형질전환하는데 있어서 그 효율을 향상 시키는데 큰 기여를 할 것으로 추측된다. In order to improve the transformation efficiency of zoysiagrass by increasing the frequency of callus formation from mature seeds and plant regeneration, the effect of pre-treatment with sea sand was examined. Mature zoysiagrass seeds were given 10 min of swelling time before sea sand treatment using a sea sand and seed ratio of 1 : 1 and a vortex shaking speed of 6 (1,000 rpm) for 10 min. The seeds showed increased callus formation that was more than 2 times the rate in the control. In addition, plant regeneration efficiency was also increased when embryogenic callus induced from sea sand-treated mature seeds was cultured in regeneration medium. These results will be very helpful for improving the genetic transformation frequency of zoysiagrass, a recalcitrant monocot grass.

염색체 위치 특이적 삽입과 안정적인 유전자 발현을 유도하는 플라스미드 백터의 제작

문영준,강윤성,최지혜,손진숙,민나영,이광호 中央大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Insertion of reporter constructs into the mammalian genome leads to variable gene expression due to position effects at the site of integration. This random integration has limited the gene therapy of human genetic disorders by its undesirable effects. We report here the newly constructed plasmid vector(pIRES-neo-YJ) based on the concepts of homologous recombination and position-independent promoter enhancing of beta-globin matrix attachment region(Glb-MAR). chromosome 7 centromere-specific alpha satellite(alphoid) DNA sequence was cloned into pIRES-neo-YJ for homologous recombination of the cloned gene with the centromeric region of chromosome 7, which is genetically silent. Beta Glb-MAR sequence that allows high levels of transcription independent of the chromosomal site of integration was also inserted into pIRES-neo-YJ to ensure the stable and higher expression of the cloned genes. We expect that pIRES-neo-YJ would provide a valuable tool to eliminate random integration of cloned genes into the undesirable chromosomal region and their short-lived expression which often encounters during the construction of transgenic animals and human gene therapy.