정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

필러 모델과 음소 모델 네트워크를 이용한 비인식 대상 문장 거부

이병혁,하진영 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2005 정보통신논문지 Vol.9 No.-

Non-recognition utterance rejection is very important to improve the confidence of speech recognition system. Research efforts have been made for out-of-vocabulary word rejection. However, little attention has been paid to non-recognition sentence rejection. According to the appearance of pronunciation correction systems using speech recognition technology, it is needed to reject non-recognition sentences to provide users with more accurate and robust results. In this paper, we introduce three recognition network structures - phone-level, word-level, and sentence-level filler model network - using phone models and filler models to implement non-recognition sentence rejection system. We present three types of filler models: VC(Voiced Consonant), C(unvoiced Consonant), and V(Vowel) in the recognition network. Several experiments were performed to select the best network structure. We found that the word-level filler model network outperforms both phone-level model network and sentence-level filler model network. In addition, another experiment has been performed to find an optimal garbage ratio threshold according to the number of words in each target sentence. Experimental results show that we can achieve better performance using a length dependent threshold than using a constant threshold in terms of the average of FAR and FRR.

지역농산물을 활용한 가공사업의 의의와 과제 : 청주지역의 사례

윤병선, 하재찬, 이혜정 건국대학교 사회정책연구소 2012 사회과학연구 Vol.26 No.-

...

전박부 전골간신경 증후군의 치료

이상열,임병훈,하충건 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.1

The anterior interosseous nerve syndrome is a compressive neuropathy of a motor branch of the median nerve, caused by tendinous bands (deep head of pronator teres, arcade of flexor superficialis, thickened lacertus fibrosus etc, trauma, enlarged bursae, tumors, anomalous muscles such as Gantser's muscle or palmaris brevis. On clinical examination, there is weakness or paralysis of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus of the index finger, and the pronator quadratus muscles with a history of pain in the proximal forearm. The patients will assume a weakness of pinch or an unusual posture of pinch without sensory deficit because of loss of function of these muscles, hyperextending the interphalangeal joint of the thumb and the distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger. We experienced two cases of anterior interosseous nerve syndrome with typical clinical manifestations, confirmed by electrodiagnostic studies. In both cases causative anatomical structures were released through surgical exploration. A case was caused by a sharp edge of the flexor superficialis arcade, another case by the tendinous portion of deep head of pronator teres muscle and a thickened lacertus fibrosus. Both cases revealed partial recoveries after postoperative 3 months.

C#과 3차원 그래픽 라이브러리를 사용한 택스쳐 맵핑 기법 연구

이성진;하창수;최병윤 동의대학교 산업기술연구소 2010 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.24 No.-

To make 3D games, it requires rendering engine, animation engine, sound engine, server engine, physical engine, map editor and game artificial intelligence. Rendering engine have to support 3D object display function, objects control function for realtime object display, object animation making function, game environment control function, camera move, rotation, scaling, shrinking control function, light source and shadow control function, special effect display function, texture based special function and shader utilization. In this paper, we describe how to render models using Visual studio 2005 C#. The models are created by 3DMAX and exported as X file that represents mesh information and then texture mapped using DirectX library.

충남대학교 교내연습림 이용특성에 관한 연구

이인세,김세빈,정운하,이병일 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1998 농업과학연구 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study is to suggest objective basic data for Kung-dong neighborhood park management through the quantitative analysis of user's behaviors and satisfaction in Chungnam National University campus forest. Most users lived in Kung-dong, Oun-dong, Shinsung-dong near the campus forest. Their visiting motivations were for taking a walk, health and fresh air. Therefore, it is important that the university should seek a supervision for improving functions of the campus forest. They are using about 300 users per day in campus forest. We should present a supervision programs which make them more useful and protective.

綜合病院 健康診斷施設의 利用行態에 따른 空間構成에 關한 硏究

이병윤,김하진 順天靑巖大學 1998 論文集-順天靑巖大學 Vol.22 No.2

In contemporary medical situation, the idea of health is changing from curing disease to preventing and early examination, and the importance of health examination is increasing by improvement of economic situation. To satisfy these social demands, the new medical technique and instruments are to be necessary. The needs of health examination center is suggested according to the social demands changing. In this study, general understands of operating system and the examples of health examination center in foreign countries are illustrated. Then on these basic facts, this study aims to suggest examination program, operating policy, and spatial composition of the hospitals investigated as the result of analyzation.

K^+통로개방제 Pinacidil이 종양이식 생쥐에서 Tl-201의 체내분포에 미치는 영향

이재태,천경아,이상우,강도영,안병철,전수한,이규보,하정희 경북대학교 의학연구소 1999 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.3 No.1

Purpose: Thallium behaves similarly to potassium in vivo. Potassium channel opener (K-opener) opens ATP-sensitive K+ -channel located at cell membrane, resulting in potassium efflux from cytosol. We have previously reported that K-opener can alter biokinetics of T1-201 in cultured cells and in vivo. Malignant tumor cells have high Na-K ATPase activity due to increased metabolic activities and dedifferentiation, and differential delineation of malignant tumor can be possible with T1-201 imaging K-opener may affect tumoral uptake of T1-201 in vivo. To investigate the effects of pinacidil (one of the potent K-openers) on the localization of the tumor with T1-201 chloride, we evaluated the changes in biodistribution of T1-201 with pinacidil treatment in tumor-bearing mice. Materials and Methods: Balb/c mice received subcuta-neous implantation of murine breast cancer cells in the thigh and were used for biodistribution study 3 weeks later. 100㎍ of pinacidil dissolved in 200 □ DMSO/PBS solution was injected intravenously via tail vein at 10 min after 185 KBq (5 □Ci) T1-201 injection, Percentage organ uptake and whole body retention ratio of T1-201 were measured at various periods after injection, and values were compared between control and pinacidil-treated mice. Results: Pinacidil treatment resulted in mild decrease in blood levels of T1-201, but renal uptakes were markedly decreased at 30-min, 1- and 2-hour, compared to control group. Hepatic, intestinal and muscular uptake were not different. Absolute percentage uptake and tumor to blood ratios of T1-201 were lower in pinacidil treated mice than in the control group at all time points measured. Whole body retention ratio of T1-201 was lower in pinacidil treated mice (58±4%), than in the control group (67±3%) at 24 hours after with injection of 100 □g pinacidil. Conclusion: K-opener did not enhance, but rather decreased absolute tumoral uptake and tumor-to-blood ratios of T1-201 Decreased whole body retention ratio and renal uptake were observed with pinacidil treatment in tumor-bearing mice. (Korean J Nucl Med 2000;34:303-11)

시판 항생제들의 대추나무빗자루병 치료약제 가능성 비교

박철하,이세표,차병진 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1994 農業科學硏究 Vol.11 No.2

To minimize the trial and error by farmers who have no other choice but to use antibiotics for human-disease control, because no agricultural tetracycline for jujube witches-broom disease is available at this point. therapeutical efficacy of several commercial antibiotics against the disease through trunk injection was evaluated. The efficacy of human tetracyclines in trunk injection of jujube tree for witches-broom therapy varied to some extnet. Tetracyclines for intravenous or subepidermal injection showed the strongest symptom-suppression effect. Those, however, were not practical because of high price. On the other hand, tetracyclines in capsule were much cheaper than the former and can be used practically. For trunk injection, just the powder in capsule should be dissolved in clean water and then filtered through cheese cloth or tissue papaer to remove the sediments unnecessary for trees. Otherwise, the sediment would clog the injection hole and the feeder tube. In this experiment. tetracycline HCl of Glaxo made the least sediment in the solution. In addition, the plastic bottle to contain Korean wine was much cheaper and more practical than the commercial one for tree injection.

법랑질 형성 부전증에 관한 증례 보고

박종하,김재곤,백병주,허선,이영수 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

본병원 소아치과에 내원한 유치와 영구치 모두에 법량질 형성 부전증을 가지고 있는 환자에 대해 교합면의 마모를 방지하여 교합고경을 유지하기 위해 유구치부 stainless steel crown 및 맹출 중인 제 1대구치에 sealant, 전치아에 걸쳐서 주기적인 불소도포를 이용해 치료하여 양호한 결과를 얻었다. Amelogenesis imperfcta is a group of hereditary defects of enamel unassociated with any other generalized defects. The prevalence of this condition has been estimated to range from l in 14.000 to l in 16.000. depending on the population sudied. It may be differentiated into three general types: hypoplastic, hypocalcified. and hypomaturation. depending on the clinical presentation of defects and the likely stage of enamel formation that is primarily affected. The dentin and root are usually normal. but the enamel may lack the normal prismatic structure, being laminated throughout its thickness or at the periphery, with the result that these teeth are more resistant to decay. This case is that of an six-year-old girl brought to the pediatric dentistry department by her parents for esthetic reasons and also because of slight dental sensitivity. Clinical and radiographic examinations confirmed amelogenesis imperfecta. The author has treated with the crowning of the primary molars, using prefomed NICr crowns and periodic and periodic fluoride application on whole dentition.