자궁경부암에서 혈관 내피 성장인자 ( VEGF ) 및 VEGF Mrna 의 발현에 대한 연구

이선경(Seon Kyung Lee),김승보(Seung Bo Kim),지성길(Sung Gil Chi),염윤석(Yoon Seok Yum),이주희(Ju Hee Lee) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.1

N/A Objective : Angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessels by sprouting from pre-existing ones, is essential for the growth of solid tumors beyond 2~3mm in diameter and for tumor metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is known as vascular permeability factor(VPF) and mediates vascularization and tumor-induced angiogenesis. This study examined the potential of growth, invasion, and metastasis of uterine cervical carcinomas associated with neovascularization. Methods : From January 1996 to December 1999, at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, 37 uterine cervical carcinomas and 7 normal cervical tissues were obtained and the samples were immediately frozen and stored at -70℃. Immunohistochemical staining for VEGF was carried out to study VEGF localization, and the levels of VEGF subtype mRNAs were determined by quantitative RT-PCR in specimens. The relation between VEGF subtypes expression of cervical cancers was analysed. Results : The positive staining for VEGF is seen dominantly in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells, and faintly in interstitial cells. The intensity of staining was stronger in squamous carcinomas than in adenocrcinomas, but there was no significant difference (p>0.05). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated significantly increased VEGF121/VEGF165 mRNA expression levels (>0.56/>0.72) in 21 (56.8%) and 15 (40.5%) of 37 cervical carcinomas comparing to control groups (mean: 0.28/0.36). There was no obvious relationship between VEGF121/VEGF165 mRNA expression levels and the clinical parameters examined including age, pathology, differentiation, tumor size, lymphovascular space invasion, LN involvement and invasion depth except clinical stage (p<0.05). Conclusions : The overexpression of VEGF mRNA may be an important contributing factor in cervical carcinomas. There is no significant differenece of VEGF mRNAs levels according to clinical parameters, so it seems that the expression of VEGF is involved in the promotion of angiogenesis on cervical cancer and plays an important role in early invasion.

Purge & Trap-GC를 이용한 의약품 필름코팅 정제 중 잔류용제에 관한 연구

장준식,이명자,소유섭,문춘선,이주헌,박희라,김진숙,강경모,이선옥,방성연,유미자,유문균,금오성,이병욱 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

의약품은 약물을 생체에 적풋하기 위하여 유효성분의 효과가 언제나 일정하게 확보되고 사응에 편리하도록 만들어지는 것이므로 유효썽분 이외에 약효에 영향을 주지 않는 성분이 첨가되는 경운가 많다. 이 때 사용되는 용매들은 제피의 광택 및 건쪼시간의 단축 등을 위하여 휘발점이 낮을 용매들이 주로 사용되어진다. 본 연구는 의약품 필름코팅정제 중 잔류용매 4종(chlorofonr benzen, trichloro ethylen, 1,4-dioxane)에 대한 변형된 pirge & trap-GC 장치를 이용한 동시분석방법을 개발하였으며, 각 표준품의 RSD 값은 chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69% and 1,4-dioxane 3.41%였다. 또한 시중 유통중인 의약품 50종에 대하여 잔류웅매 양을 측정하였으며, 검출되는 잔류용매는 한 건도 없었다. This study nras carried out to develope the analytical method for the mixture of chlorefonn, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane simultaneously and determine the remainingorgauic solvents in coating tablets by Purge & Trap-GC. The results were as follouFs ; 1. Chloroform, benzen, trio:tloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane separated by tenax #5 trap by HP-624GC column by terrlperature programming. The peaks were separated completely at retentiontime of 6.88min for chloroform, 8.21min for benzen, 10.38miu for trichloroethylen and 11.95minfor 1,4-dioxane. 2. Standard RSD were individually chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69%and 1,4-diorane 3.41%. 3. 60 samples were not detrcted chloroform, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane.

실리카흄을 흔입한 고강도 콘크리트 개발

홍창우,김태경,김경진,김성환,김남윤,심도식,이정호,윤청호,백민경,원치문,박제선,이주형,정경일 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

콘크리트 구조물이 대형화됨에 따라 설계단면이 증대되어 상대적으로 많은 경제적 손실을 부담하게 된다. 따라서 단면을 감소시키면서도 소요의 하중에 안전한 구조물을 건설하기 위해서는 우선적으로 구조물 건설에 기초가 되는 고품질, 고내구성의 고강도 콘크리트 개발이 절실히 요구된다 본 연구에서는 일정 시멘트비 및 혼화재 비율하에서 소요의 워커빌리티가 확보되는 고강도 콘크리트를 시간과 온도의 변화에 따라 증기 양생하여, 압축, 인장, 휨강도 뿐만 아니라 파괴특성을 실험적으로 연구하였다. 시료 제작시 시멘트 입자 사이의 공극 및 불연속 영역을 충전하여 고밀도화하기 위한 콘크리트용 혼화재로 시멘트 비표면적이 상당히 작은 초미립 분말인 실리카흄을 이용하였다. 또한 AE감수제 및 고성능 유동화제를 사용하여 혼화재의 첨가에 의하여 발생될 수 있는 워커빌리티의 감소를 방지하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 일정 양생 지속 시간하에서 온도의 증가에 따라 콘크리트의 압축, 인장 및 휨강도가 전반적으로 증가하였다. 동일하게 일정 온도하에서 양생 지속시간이 커짐에 따라 강도들이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 상대적으로 높은 온도와 긴 지속 양생 조건하에서 파괴에 대한 저항력이 크게 나타났다. The compressible, tensible, and flexibleresistance of the high strength concrete is analyzed by the experimentation in the present study. For the test, we cure several samples with the silica fume as a mixture being become dense the spaces between the particle of cement under the variation of both the temperature and the curing-interval. Then, the superplasticizer and the ezcon are also used to satisfy the required workability for construction. The compressible, tensible, and flexible resistances to a stress are increased as increasing the temperature and the time interval for the curing. Therefore it is concluded that the overal fractural and mechanical properties is improved by mixing the silica fume into the cement.

동작관찰훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 인지기능 향상에 미치는 영향

이슬아(Seul-Ah Lee),강선화(Seon-Hwa Kang),최원호(Won-Ho Choi),이인경(In-Kyung Lee),정상미(Sang-Mi Jung) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.1

연구목적은 동작관찰훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 인지기능 향상에 영향을 미치는가를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법으로는 2018년 4월 23일부터 5월 18일까지 경인지역 병원에 입원 중인 재활환자 7명을 대상으로 MMSE-K와 LICA를 사용하여 평가를 진행하였고, 동작관찰프로그램으로는 상지 ROM 댄스, 풀 오버형 옷정리, 운동화 끈 묶기, 수건 개기, 양말 개기, 종이접기, 넥타이 매는 법 총 7가지 과제를 적용하였다. 통계프로그램으로는 SPSS version 20을 사용하였으며 기술통계, Wilcoxon signed ranks을 사용하여 값을 구하였다. 동작관찰훈련을 적용한 결과 MMSE-K 점수는 3.29±1.38의 변화량을 보여 p값 0.001로 유의한 값을 보였고, LICA 점수는 기억력에서 12.16±6.73으로 가장 유의한 값이 나왔다. 결론은 동작관찰훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 인지기능 영역 중 기억력에서 가장 많은 영향을 미쳤으며, 다른 영역에서도 점수 향상은 있었으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 앞으로 동작관찰훈련이 많이 사용되어 추후에는 뇌손상 부위별로 어느 영역에서 효과가 있는지에 대한 후속 연구가 이루어지길 바란다. This study aims to identify whether the action-observation training impacts on the improvement of stroke patient’s cognitive functioning. When it comes to the research methods, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) conducted to assess samples between 23 April and 18 May 2018. Samples are seven patients who are hospitalized in Kyung-In region. In the meantime, seven tasks such as the range of joint motion (ROM) dance, arrangement of pullover clothes, lacing-ups of a pair, folding up a facecloth and socks, the origami and tying a necktie implemented as the action-observation programme. In order to analyse collected data, descriptive statistics analysis, paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were carried out via SPSS version 20 (a statistics programme). The change in value from MMSE-K showed its statistical significant as 3.29 (±1.38, p<.001) as well as value from LICA in recollective powers was 12.16 (±6.73), therefore, the statistic is said to be statistically significant. In conclusion, action-observation training most influenced recollective powers amongst stroke patient’s cognitive functioning areas. Even though development of cognitive functioning discovered in other areas, its values were possibly statistically insignificant. Hence, future research ought to demonstrate which areas action-observation training is effective according to brain lesion site.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

반정량 식품섭취빈도조사지를 이용한 한국노인의 영양섭취 실태조사

이해정,박선주,김정희,김초일,장경자,임경숙,김경원,최혜미 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.3

The aim of this study was to assess the nutrient intakes of the elderly subjects in Korea. Dietary assessment was carried out using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) developed by our laboratory, which included 98 commonly consumed food items selected from 1998 National Health and Nutritional Survey for Korean population. Subjects (n = 2,660) aged 50yr and over were recruited in Seoul, 6 metropolitan cities, and 8 mid-size cities. Calcium and riboflavin intakes of the elderly subjects aged 65 yr and over (n = 1,974) were much lower compared with Korean RDA. Nutrient intakes of the three age group (50 - 64 yr, 65 - 74 yr, 75 yr and over) were decreased as age increased in male and female elderly. Nutrient intakes of male elderly, 75 yr and over, were significantly decreased while in female elderly nutrient intakes were gradually decreased as age increased. Over 30% of the elderly subjects did not meet 75% RDA for calcium, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin. The proportion of the elderly subjects whose intakes were below 75% RDA was much higher than the elderly whose intakes were above 125% RDA, especially among the elderly aged 75 yr and over. This study revealed that the Korean elderly had inadequate intakes for many nutrients. This will cause a serious nutritional problem for the elderly.

SHS법으로 TiAl 금속간 화합물의 제조시 첨가원소에 따른 기계적 성질에 관한 연구

宣炅杓,李龍鎬 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.2

TiAl intermetallic compounds are very attractive for high temperature structural applications because of their high specific strength, high temperature oxidation resistance, and superior creep characteristics. In this study, processing of TiAl using self-propagating high temperature synthesis was investigated. The effects of processing varibles including holding temperature and pressure, and alloying element on the microstructure, mechanical properties of TiAl were studied. It was demonstrated that the SHS process could yield TiAls with properties comparable with those of TiAl produced via the ingot metallurgy route.

장애 영유아 가족지원 방안 연구

이미선,김경진 국립특수교육원 2000 연구보고서 Vol.- No.1

본 연구에서는 유아특수교육에 있어 가족참여 및 이를 위한 지원의 중요성을 인식하고, 장애아동 가족의 효율적 참여를 위한 가족지원 방안을 제시함으로써 궁극적으로 장애아동 가족이 장애아등의 발달을 촉진하고, 그들 자신의 요구를 스스로 충족시킬 수 있는 능력을 갖추도록 하는데 목적을 두었다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구에서는 우리 나라와 외국의 장애 영유아 가족지원 정책과 실천에 관한 문헌을 분석하고, 우리 나라 장애아동 가족을 대상으로 심층 면담을 실시하였으며, 문헌 및 심층 면담 분석 결과를 토대로 우리 나라 장애아동 가족지원의 방안을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 장애아동 친육에 있어 가족의 효율적인 참여를 확대하며, 이를 위해 장애아동과 개인별 가족의 특성 및 자원 등을 고려하여 가족의 참여 수준과 방법을 다양화한다. 둘째, 장애 영유아 가족이 원하는 경우, 가족진단을 실시하고, 이 결과에 따라 장애영유아의 현재 수준, 가족의 자원 ·우선 순위 관심사, 장애 영유아 및 가족의 주요 성취 목표, 담당교사 이름 등의 내용을 포함한 개별화가족지원계획(IFSP)을 개발·실시하는 것을 적극 권장한다. 셋째, 유아특수교육기관 뿐 아니라 국 ·공립기관 및 민간단체는 장애아동, 부모, 형제의 특성, 성별, 연령, 지역사회 실정 등에 따라 다양한 과정의 가족교육 프로그램을 실시한다. 가족교육은 인터넷 방송이나 원격교육 등 다양한 방법을 도입하여 실시하며, 유아특수교육기관을 다니지 않은 장애 영유아의 가족들에게도 개방하여 실시한다. 넷째, 유아특수교육교사 및 관련 전문가들이 가족 중심의 유아특수교육 실시할 수 있도록 가족참여와 이를 위한 지끈의 중요성, 개별화된 가족참여와 지원을 제공하는데 필요한 지식과 기술을 습득할 수 있도록 하며, 이를 위해 기존의 직전교육 및 현직연수프로그램을 수정·강화한다. 다섯째, 유아특수교육기관, 특히 다양한 인적·물적 자원을 갖추고 있는 특수학교는지역사회 내 관련 공공·민간기관이나 단체들에서 제공하는 장애아동 및 그 가족에 대한 지윈을 가족에게 연계하고, 범주별로 제공되는 다양한 자원을 조정하며, 지역사회내의 다양한 지원을 가능한 한 유아특수핀육기관이라는 단일한 장소에서 통합하여 제공하도록 한다. 여섯째, 장애영아에 대한 조기중재의 중요성 및 교육의 기회균등 보장, 장애아동 가족이 갖는 경제적 불이익 등을 고려하여 현재 보육의 대상인 O~2세 장애영아에게는무상교육을, 현재 무상교육 대상이나 무상교육의 혜택을 많이 받지 못하고 있는 3~5세장애유아의 교육은 의무교육으로 한다. 일곱째, 장애아동을 부양하는 가족에게 장애아동 부양 수당, 세금 감면 등의 경제적지원, 의료비 및 보조장구 지원, 장애아동 보육지원 및 기타 상담, 가사 보조 등과 같은다양하고도 실제적인 지원을 확대한다. 여덟째, 정부, 지방자치단체, 지역사회 내의 유아특수교육기관이나 관련 기관에서는장애아동의 부모집단, 형제지원 집단, 아버지 집단과 같은 자조집단을 육성하고 장려하여 이들 집단의 구성원들이 스스로 정보를 교환하고, 상호 지원을 하며, 스스로의 권익을 옹호하는 활동 등을 할 수 있도록 한다. 아홉째, 정부, 지방자치단체 및 지역사회 내 유아특수교육기관이나 관련 기관에서는장애아동 및 그 가족이 정상화된 사회에 진정으로 통합되고 잘 적응할 수 있도록 장애아동 및 그 가족에 대한 다양한 인식 개선 활동을 전개하며, 이들에 대한 종합적인 지원과 서비스의 필요성 및 가치를 인식시켜 이들에 대한 지원적인 환경을 창출하고 조성 한다. 마지막으로, 유아특수교육에 있어 우리 나라 현실에 맞는 장애아동 가족의 효율적인참여 및 이를 위한 지원 전략과 IFSP의 개발 및 실시 모형 등을 도출하고, 이를 널리보급하기 위해 시범 프로그램을 운영하며, 장애아동 출현률 조사에 장애아동 뿐 아니라 그 가족의 실태에 관한 조사를 포함시켜 이 조사결과를 근거로 장애아동 및 그 가족에대한 중재 혹은 지원정책 방안을 수립하도록 한다. 또한 이제까지 언급한 장애아동 가족에 대한 다양한 지원을 실현하기 위해 관련 법규 및 제도를 제정하거나 개정하며, 이러한 법규정의 실천을 보장하기 위해 필요한 예산을 확보한다. 장기적으로는 가족지원을 통합적으로 시행하기 위해 기존의 장애아동가족지원 관련 법규들을 보완, 정리하거나 장애아동가족지원법을 새로이 제정한다. Based on the acknowledsernent that family participation in the education of their young children with disabilities has positive influences on their development and therefore. supports for increasing effective family participationare very important, the purpose of the current study is to provide strategies for supporting the families of young children with disabllities in order to empowerfamilies to effectively participate in educating their children with disabilities, and ultimattly. enable them to facilitate the development of young children with disabilities and meet their needs. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study. the study analyzed and reviewfd literature on policies and practices in family support of Korea and 3foreign advanced countries. and implemented in-depth interview to the familiesof young children with disabilities which are enrolled in institutions for earlychildhood special education, including special schools for children with mentalretardation, physical disabilities, visual impairments, hearing impairments. and autistir'disorders. respectively. special classes in kindergartens. and earlychildhood special education programs in welfare facilities and private institutions both of which are not formally approved by the government. Based on theresults of analyzine !iterature and in-depth interview materials. the currentstudy provided strategies for supporting families of young children with disabilities as follows: First, family participation in early childhood special education has to beexpanded, but the levels and methods of the participation must to diversifiedaccording to the characteristics and resources of each family. Second. if families want family assessment. it has to be carried out and basedon the assessment results, it is recommended that Individualized Family Support Plans(IFSPs) should be developed and implemented, and include the followingcontents: the current level of young children with disabilities: resources, priorities, and concerns of their families: objectives of children and theirfamilies; and names of teachers in charge of the development and implementation of IFSPs. Third, national, public and private organizations as well as institutions for early childhood special education should provide a range of family education programs. considering the characteristics, age. and sex of children with disabilities and their family members, and current conditions of communities. When family education programs are implemented. various methods have to be used. including internet and teleconference communication systems. In audition, the programs should be also available to family members whose children or siblings are not yet enrolled in institutions for early childhood sfecial education. Fourth. teachers and other professionals involved in early childhood special education have to be provided with programs for teaching the importance of family participation and supports for facilitatine family participation, and knowledges and shills necessary to implement IFSPs. Therefore, existingpre-service and in-service training programs should be improved and strengthened. Fiftlh. institutions for early childhood special education. especially special schools with a range of staff members and facilities have to link supports fromrelated-organizations in communities to families of young children with disabilities, coordinate various resources which are provided catesorlcally. And make efforts to provide them in one place(j.e. special school). Sixth, considering the importance of early intervention for infants and toddlers with disabilities. guarantee of the equal opportunity to be educated, and economic disadvantages of the families of children with disabilities. 0 to 2 years of young children who are regarded as child care target populations under the currert regulations have to be provided with free education. and 3 through 5 years of young children who are regulated as free education tareet populations must be provided with compulsory education. Seventh, various and practical supports have to be offered to the families of young children with disabilities, including financial support such as child-rearing allowallces and reduction of and exemption from taxes, assistive equipments, child care, counseling, and household assistance. Eighth, central government and local governments. communities, institutions for early childhood special education. and related agencies have to promote and encourage a range of self-groups such as the groups of parents and siblings so that they exchange information, support each other, and advocate their rights. Ninth, central government and local governments, communities, institutions for early childhood special education, and related agencies should develop strategies for improving people's attitudes towards children with disabilities and their families, and create and facilitate the supportive environments by giving infornlation and materials regarding the necessity and value of comprehensive suppcrts and services for the purpose of their more integration into and adaptation to normalized society than before. Finally, models for family participation appropriate to the current status in Korea and strategies for supporting the participation. and IFSP development and implementation must be devetoped. Model, programs have to be operated to evaluate and distribute them. In addition, future incidence survey of children with disabilities moat include items regarding the current status of families of children with disabilities. and based on the survey results. policies in supports and interventions for children with disabilities and their families must be designed. Moreover, for the purpose of providing a range of supports for families of young children with disabilities. related-regulations and systems have to enactedor revised. and financial arrangements for carrying out such regulations have to be made. In the long run, existing regulations on family support should be supplemented or a new family support act be enacted in order to provide comprehensive and coordinated family support programs.

얼굴 연조직 강화를 위한 자가지방 이식 후 발생한 급성 경계부위 뇌경색

민경현, 이혜림, 여민주, 김지선, 이성현, 이상수, 신동익 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2016 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.26 No.1

본문참고

現行 우리나라 賃金體系의 檢討와 改善方案

李康善,金恭洙 全北大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

This article scrutinizes and analyzes wage systems in Korea in order to present some suggestions for their improvement. This study is one of the series of research projects which purport to criticize and appraise the Single Integrated Pay System. This paper and next one, which will be concerned with incomes policy, will serve as the theoretical backgrounds for the final, main research. Generally wage systems in Korea are the seniority-based pay system in which educational degrees are considered. The system also has a variety of incentives. Now all the parties concerned including unions, managers, government, and scholars have agreed that the current system should be changed. Most discussions on this issue tend to converge on the following two approaches : 1) A shift from the current system to either skill-based system in which required skills are linked to accomplish a job, or merit system which is directly associated with the job : 2) A modified system in which fixed incentives are combined into the basic salary, while residual incentives contribute to accomplishing the common objective of motivating employees for high performance. In conclusion, it is argued that both approaches will work as long as our society continues to progress toward a more democratic one and both the employer and the employee tend to recognize each other as cooperative partner.