화학요법제가 마우스의 비특이 세포성면역에 미치는 영향

김경원,윤정구 대한미생물학회 1988 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

Non-specific cellular immunity may play an important role in the immune defense mechanism against tumors and has recently become of great interest to many researchers. Among the effector cells involved in non-specific cellular immune reactions, natural killer(NK) cells and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity(ADCC) effector cells are the principal targets in many of the investigations studying the hosts immune defense aginst tumors. In general most chemotherapeutic agents are known to depress host immune functions. However, such an effect in non-specific cellular immunity particulary on NK cell and ADCC activities has not been fully determined. In this report, the effects of 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) and adriamycin(ADM), which are widely used for the chemotherapy of human cancer, on mouse NK and ADCC activities were studied. Adult ICR mice were injected with either one of the drugs or a combination of them and then at given interval, splenocytes were collected. NK and ADCC activities were measured in vitro using a 4hr ^(51)Cr release assay employing YAC-1 and L1210 target cells respectively. The following results were obtained. 1, The administration of different doses of 5-FU or ADM either alone or in combination resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of NK activity 48 hours post injection. In these experiments, the doses which showed the most significant inhibition were 12.0mg/ml and 1.2mg/ml or greater for 5-FU and ADM respectively. No difference in NK activity was observed between mice treated with the drugs in combination. In contrast, assays of AD- CC activity in splenocytes from the same mice showed no appreciable change in the level of cytotoxicity. 2. Kinetic studies revealed t4at splenocytes from mice treated with a single dose of 5-FU (12mg/kg) or ADM(1.2mg/kg) alone or in combination showed significantly decreased levels of NK activity 48 72 hours after treatment. Thereafter NK activity progressively increased and reacked the level of the controls at 7 days. Again, no significant changes in ADCC activity were observed in these experiments. 3. Splenocytes from mice treated 48 hours previously with the drugs significantly suppressed the NK activity of normal mice. 4. Futhermore, these splenacytes had an impaired in-vitro production of interleukin-2 as compared to those from normal controls. In conclusion, mice treated with 5-FU or ADM either alone or in combination, exhibited significantly depressed NK activities 2 3 days after treatment, but the level of ADCC activity was not effected. This suggest that NK-suppressing mechanisms which involve the appearance and activation of suppressor cells and which impair the production of interleukin-2, may de- velope following chemotherapy.

Nafion-ethylenediamine이 수식된 유리탄소전극에 의한 시차펄스전압전류법으로 철(II) 이온의 정량

김경원,김희철,김성현,박병호,김연희,김경남,고영춘,Kyong Wone Kim,Hee Cheol Kim,Sung-Hyun Kim,Byung Ho Park,Yeon Hee Kim,Kyong Nam Kim,Yong Chun Ko 대한화학회 2003 대한화학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Determination of iron(II) ion with a perfluorinated sulfonated polymer(nafion)-ethylenediamine(en) modified glassy carbon electrode was studied. It was based on the chemical reactivity of an immobilized layer(nafion-en) to yield complex $[Fe(en)_3]^{+2}$. The oxidation peak potential by differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) was observed at 0.340${\pm}$0.015 V(vs. Ag/AgCl). The linear calibration curve was obtained in iron(II) ion concentration range $5{\times}10^{-6}{\sim}0.2{\times}10^{-3} M(0.28{\sim}11.17\; mg/L)$, and the detection limit(3s) was $1.89{\times}10^{-5}$M(1.056 mg/L). Perfluorinated sulfonated polymer(Nafion)-ethylenediamine(en)이 화학수식된 유리탄소전극으로 Fe(II) 이온의 정량에 대해 연구하였다. Fe(II) 이온의 착화제인 en을 nafion에 고정시켜 유리탄소전극 표면에 수식하면 이 수식전극의 en은 Fe(II) 이온과 $[Fe(en)_3]^{+2}$의 착물을 형성한다. Nafion-en이 화학수식된 유리탄소전극에서 시차펄스전압전류법에 의한 Fe(II) 이온의 산화봉우리전위는 0.340${\pm}$0.015 V(vs. Ag/AgCl), 측정범위는 $5{\times}10^{-6}{\sim}0.2{\times}10^{-3} M(0.28{\sim}11.17 mg/L)$, 검출한계(3s)는 $1.89{\times}10^{-5}$M(1.056 mg/L)이었다.

주식의 해외교차 상장에 대한 연구-미국증권시장과 영국증권시장을 중심으로 -

김경원 한국기업경영학회 2005 기업경영연구 Vol.12 No.2

The literatures on the effect of overseas listings on the stock price show both positive and negative empirical results. The arguments are very controversial. In the previous findings, when the firms from the more developed markets list their stocks on the less developed market exchanges, overseas listing has a negative effect on the stock price. This implies that listing may be accompanied by increase of risk and cost of capital in that case. In contrast, when the firms from the less developed markets list their stocks on the more developed market exchanges, overseas listing has a positive effect on the stock price. This implies that firms can benefit from listing their stocks on the more developed exchange markets by reducing their risk and cost of capital. Thus, this study focuses on the U.S.A. and U.K. stock market exchanges since both of two countries have the most developed market exchanges of the international stock market exchanges. The effects of both stock exchange markets listing on the stock price are investigated and compared. The major empirical results of this study are as follows. Generally, overseas listing on the both U.S.A. and U.K. stock exchanges has a positive effect on the stock price. If the two exchanges are investigated further more, the U.S.A. stock exchange listing has a more positive effect on the stock price than the U.K. stock exchange listing. This study also investigates stock return volatility during in the pre- and post- listing periods. The impact of the overseas listings on the standard deviation of stock return is not significant. These findings suggest that firms planning to overseas listing might list their stocks in the U.S.A. markets rather than the U.K. markets. 증권의 해외상장효과는 주가에 긍정적 측면과 부정적인 측면 등에 대한 여러 연구결과가 있어 그 동안 논란이 되어왔다. 그리고 기존의 연구에서 주식의 해외상장효과가 비교적 선진화되고 비교적 불확실성이 적은 시장으로 상장할 경우 주가에 더 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 연구결과가 있었다. 그리하여 본고에서는 대표적인 선진시장인 미국의 증권시장과 영국의 증권시장의 상장효과를 집중적으로 비교할 필요가 있었다. 또한 상장효과에서 주가반응뿐만 아니라 상장에 따른 변동성의 변화요인도 분석하였다. 주가반응분석에서 영국시장이나 미국시장 모두 비교적 선진화된 시장이므로, 이러한 양 선진시장에 상장된 상장효과는 긍정적임을 알 수 있었다. 미국과 영국 양 시장의 정확한 비교를 위해 구간을 나누어 분석한 결과 영국시장보다는 미국시장으로의 해외상장효과가 기업에 더 긍정적일 수 있다는 연구결과를 보여 주었다. 또한 주식의 해외상장이 주가의 변동성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 상장 전과 후의 표준편차의 차이가 크게 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 결과를 보여 주었다. 이는 주식의 해외상장과 다각화를 통한 주식의 위험 분산으로 주가의 변동성을 낮추는 유동성가설이 크게 설명력이 없음을 의미한다. 위의 두 가지 분석을 통해 영국시장과 미국시장 모두 선진시장이지만, 영국시장보다는 미국시장으로의 상장이 주주의 부에 조금 더 유리할 것으로 사료된다. 이는 최근 유럽시장보다는 미국시장으로의 상장이 증가하고 있으며, 미국시장증권의 유럽시장으로의 상장은 감소하는 추세와 일치한다(핵심 주제어: 해외교차상장, 상장효과, 유동성가설, 주가의 변동성).*본 논문은 2004년도 경기대학교 교내연구비 지원에 의해 작성되었음.

상표등록출원서 작성요령

김경원 한국발명진흥회 1978 特協 Vol.3 No.5

덴마크상표 제도해설

김경원 한국발명진흥회 1982 發明特許 Vol.7 No.1

두개하악장애환자에 대한 임상통계학적 연구

김경원 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1995 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.5 No.2

두개하악장애는 저작근, 측두하악관절부위 및 그와 관련된 구조물의 많은 임상적인 문제를 포함하는 포괄적인 용어로 측두하악장애와 동의어로 사용되고 있다. 두개하악장애는 다면적이고, 다양한 원인에 의하여 나타나는 질환으로 여겨지고 있으며, 중요한 원인요소로는 부정교합, 악관절과두의 위치이상, 저작근의 근경련, 구강 악습관, 정신적 스트레스 등이 있다고 받아들여지고 있다. 충북대학교병원 치과 ·구강악안면외과 외래에 1년간 내원한 두개하악장애환자중 57명을 대상으로, 기왕장애지수와 임상장애지수를 이용하여 임상증상과 그 정도를 조사, 분석하여 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 두개하악장애 환자의 남녀비율은 1 : 1.85였으며, 가장 많은 연령층은 20대이었다. 2. 두개하악장애 환자에서 기왕장애지수 AiⅠ은 36.8%, AiⅡ는 63.2% 이었다. 3. 두개하악장애 환자에서 임상장애지수 DiⅠ은 35%, DiⅡ는 35%, DiⅢ는 30% 이었다. 4. 기왕장애지수와 임상장애지수의 상관 관계는, 기왕장애지수 AiⅠ에서 임상장애지수 DiⅠ은 66.6% , DiⅡ는 28.6% , DiⅢ는 4.8% 이었고, 기왕장애지수 AiⅡ에서는 임상장애 지수 DiⅠ은 16.7% , DiⅡ는 38.9%, DiⅢ는 44.4%코 나타나, 기왕장애지수가 AiⅠ에서 AiⅡ로 높아짐에 따라 임상장애지수도 DiⅠ보다는 DiⅢ쪽으로 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 5. 기왕장애지수가 AiⅠ에서 AiⅡ로 높아짐에 따라, 임상장애지수의 기초가 되는 5가지 증상 중 특히 운동성지수, 악관절기능의 장애, 악관절 동통의 증상들이 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 증가함을 보였다. The craniomandibular disorders is a collective term that includes many clinical problems of the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint areas, and associated structures. The craniomandibular disorders is a synonym of the temporomandibular disorders. The craniomandibular disorders has various and multifactorial characteristics, and the major etiologic factors of that are malocclusions, positional abnormalities of the condyle of temporomandibular joints, myospasms of the masticatory muscles, oral parafunctional habits, and psychological stress. The clinical and statistical study of craniomandibular disorders was performed on 57 patients who visited in the department of dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, Chungbuk national university hospital during a year from September 1994 to August 1995. After evaluation and analysis of anamnestic dysfunction index(Ai) and clinical dysfunction index(Di) were carried out, the obtained results were as follows. 1. The ratio of females to males in craniomandibular disorders patients was 1.85 . 1, and the distribution according to age showed a prevalence of the 3rd decade. 2. In craniomanibular disorders patients, 36.8% reported that the had mild symptoms(Ai) and 63.2% reported severe symptoms(AiⅡ). 3. In craniomandibular disorders patients, 35% had clinically mild dysfunction(DiⅠ), 35% had clinically moderate dysfunction(DiⅡ) , and 30% had clinically severe dysfunction(DiⅢ). 4. In the comparison between the anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indices : among Ail patients, DiⅠ was 66.6%, DiⅡ was 28.6%, DiⅢ was 4.8%, and among AiⅡ patients, DiⅠ was 16.7%, DiⅡ was 38.9% , DiⅢ was 44.4%. 5. According as AiⅠ shifted to AiⅡ, the symptoms of mobility index, impaired TMJ function, and TMJ pain, are increased significantly.

한국 소아 아토피 피부염 환아에서IL-13(-1512A/C) 유전자다형의 관련성

김경원,강미진,김효빈,이수연,김남출,장성옥,홍수종 대한 소아알레르기 호흡기학회 2005 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.15 No.2

Purpose : Interleukin(IL)-13 plays a pivotal role in the induction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis(AD). Recently, an association was reported between the polymorphism of the IL-13 promoter region(-1512A/C) and atopic asthma. We investigated the association between the IL-13 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) in the promoter region(-1512A/C) and atopic dermatitis in Korean children with AD. Methods : We enrolled 204 allergic AD, 92 non-allergic AD, and 116 non-atopic healthy children. Evaluated phenotypes of atopic dermatitis included total IgE, total eosinophil count, and eosinophil fraction. We used a PCR-RFLP method to identify IL-13 genotypes. Results : The allele frequencies of the IL-13 promoter polymorphism(-1512A/C) did not differ statistically among the three groups. Children with one or two copies of risk alleles in the promoter region(-1512C) did not show any significant association with the clinical phenotypes of atopic dermatitis including total IgE, eosinophil phenotypes and SCORAD score in the allergic or non-allergic atopic dermatitis. Conclusion : These data suggest that the -1512A/C polymorphism of IL-13 gene may not be associated with neither the development nor the clinical phenotypes of atopic dermatitis in Korean children. 배 경 : IL-13은 IgE의 생산과 천식 등 알레르기질환의 병태생리에 중요한 역할을 한다. 최근 IL-13 promoter 부위(-1512A/C)의 유전자다형과 아토피 천식과의 관련성이 제시되었으나 아토피피부염과의 관련성은 보고된 바 없어, 본 연구는 소아 아토피피부염과 IL-13 -1512A/C 다형 사이의 관련성을 조사하였다.방 법 : 서울아산병원 소아알레르기 클리닉에 내원한 296명의 아토피피부염 환아와 116명의 대조군을 대상으로 하였다. 아토피피부염의 임상표현형으로 혈청 총 IgE 농도와 D.f- 및 D.p-특이 IgE 농도, 혈액 호산구 수치 및 eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) 농도를 측정하였다. IL- 13(-1512A/C) 유전자다형 검사는 restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) 방법으로 시행하였다. 결 과 : 변이 형질의 빈도가 알레르기성 아토피피부염과 비알레르기성 아토피피부염 그리고 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 변이유전자를 가지고 있는 환아에서 유전자형과 임상표현형 사이에 연관성이 보이지 않았다. 결 론:이 결과는 한국 소아에서 IL-13 promoter 부위(-1512A/C) 단일염기다형은 아토피피부염의 발생뿐만 아니라 임상표현형과 관련이 없음을 시사한다. 앞으로 더 많은 연구 대상군을 이용하여 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각한다.

Perceived Visibility Measurement Using the HSI Color Difference Method

김경원,김영준 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1

The relationship between the optical measurement and the HSI color difference in color coordinates was investigated in this study. Scenic monitoring was conducted by taking 6 cuts a day in two-hour intervals starting from 8 A.M. and ending at 6 P.M. by using a Pentax PZ-20 automatic camera and an EC72D two-channel time-control unit. Optical monitoring at Gwangju site included continuous measurement of the light extinction coefficient, bext, the light scattering coefficient,bscat and the light absorption coefficient by using a LPV-2 long-path transmissometer, a Belfort model 1597 integrating nephelometer and a Magee Scientific model AE-14U aethalometer, respectively. During the monitoring periods, the average HSI color difference (D), hue difference (H), saturation difference (S) and intensity difference (I) were calculated to be 98.3 ± 12.1, 4.2 ± 2.3, 78.5 ± 9.2 and − 58.1 ± 12.5, respectively. The average H was lower than the other differences because of the low average plane angle () of 26.9 ± 10.1 C. On the contrary, S was the largest contributor to the HSI color difference. These results indicate that atmospheric haze does not significantly affect the hue of the sky but dominantly affect the saturation of the sky. The light extinction and the visual range showed non-linear relationships to the HSI color difference. In addition, the HSI color difference was shown to differentiate variations in visibility more effectively under hazy conditions. As a result, measurements of the HSI color difference are expected to provide more detailed information on the variations of visibility in an urban area where hazy atmospheres are common.

Initial Phase시 치주낭 Activity의 변화

김경원 대한치과의사협회 1988 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.26 No.9

최근 리얼리즘 소설의 변모

김경원 실천문학사 1992 실천문학 Vol.27 No.-