2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

또 다른 단서에 대한 기다림 : 토마스 핀천의 『49호 품목의 경매』 The Crying of Lot 49

장정훈 한국현대영미소설학회 2002 현대영미소설 Vol.9 No.2

Entropy, a thermodynamic concept, is a lack of order in a system. Entropy suggests that the beliefs in stability and order are mere illusions. For Pynchon, this concept(entropy) provides the basic theme and an analogue of the setting of his works. He regards the nature of reality in life as unstable, confused, and even chaotic. Simultaneously he emphasizes the ambiguity in the representation of reality by changing simple facts into complicated ones, certainty into cuncertainty. The mst significant examples are found ton the pristore system which Oeipa seeks in teh Crying of Lot 49. This novel with the recognition of the modern entropic world. It is teh entropic process that Aaremican society is undergoing that the American housewife Pedipa discovers though her journey. Named as executor of her former loveer Pierece INverarity, Oedipa leaves her everyday life and explorese her society deelpy. Oedipa attemsts order the mass information all seemingto emerge out of the inheritance from Inveratity. But whenever she gets a clue, she needs a another clue to understand the meaning of the first clue. She fails to reach andy conclision. This novel ends with Oepdipa's waithing, with the true nature of the Trisero never reaveled Pynchon does not solve the proprositions, but leaves them to the reader of the novel. The open ending, which embraces all the possibilities, is one of Pyunchon's fictional narrative techniques as a post-modern writer. Pynchon suggests a more comprehensive wolrd view by deconstructing the ordered and logical sorld of dichotomy: good/bad, order/disorer. What he proposes in thes novel is a new insight by which we can break away from rigied thingking. Pynchon implies that nultiple realities cannot be reconciled to an abusuoute orderly system. He suggests what we should have a new consciousness which does not exclude and denigrate other realities.

無菌 發芽된 무 幼苗의 子葉과 胚軸切片의 器內 再分化와 生長에 미치는 生長調節物質 및 몇가지 添加物質의 效果

張昌執,閔炳訓,李政明 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1991 硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Experiments were conducted to investigate the response, adventitious shoots formation and senescense phenomena in cotyledon and hypocotyl segments of radish seedlings germinated in vitro. Fresh weight increases of cotyledon segments were significantly higher when grown on filter paper wet with solution containing BA. Rapid expansion of cotyledon on filter paper appeared to be related with early senescence. Combined treatments of 2,4-D at 0.1 mg/ℓ and BA at 1.0 or 5.0 mg/ℓ in agar-MS media were found to be effective in inducing adventitious shoots in the hypocotyl segments of 'Comet' radish. In 'Jinjudaepyung' radish, higher strength of the MS medium stimulated the initiation of adventitious shoots in cotyledon segments. Multiple shoots were frequently observed in the hypocotyl segments of 'Comet', but not in cotyledon segments. Addition of adenine sulfate was effective in increasing regeneration of adventitious shoots in excised hypocotyls of 'Comet'. Activated charcoal, however, showed inhibitory effect on the regeneration of adventitious shoots.

Collagenase와 esterase가 상아질 접착강도와 nanoleakage에 미치는 영향

정영정,한세현,김종철,이상훈,김정욱,김영재,장기택 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구는 상아질 접착계면에서 collagenase와 esterase가 접착강도와 극미세누출에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 시행하였다. 발치된 치아의 교합면 상아질에 Single Bond 2(SB)와 Clearfil SE bond(SE)를 사용하여 상아질-레진 접착시편을 제작하고,시편을 인산완충용액(PBS)에 24시간(I),또는 PBS(II),collagenase 용액(III),esterase 용액(IV)에 4주간 보관 한 후 질산은 용액으로 염색하였다. 시편의 미세인장접착강도(μTBS)와 질산은 침투 면적을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. SB군의 접착강도가 II∼IV군에서 SE군에 비해 낮은 값을 나타내었다(p<O.05). SB군은 II∼IV군의 접착강도가 I군에 비해 낮은 값을 보였으나(p<O.05),SE군의 접착강도는 I∼IV군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>O.05). 2. SB군의 질산은 침투 면적이 SE군에 비해 높았으며(p<O.05),SB군과 SE군에서 질산은 침투 면적은 I ∼ IV군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>O.05). 3. 접착강도와 질산은 침투 면적은 SE군의 I, II,III군에서 음의 상관관계를 보였다(p<O.05). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of collagenase and esterase on dentin bond strength and nanoleakage. Resin composites were bonded to occlusal dentin of premolars with Single Bond 2(SB) and Clearfil SE Bond(SE). After the microtensile specimens were prepared and stored in PBS for 24 hours(I) or, PBS(II), collagenase(III), esterase(IV) solution for 4 weeks, the specimens were stained with silver nitrate solution. Microtensile bond strength(μTBS) and silver penetration area were measured and, the results were as follows: 1. For group II, III, and IV, the bond strengths of SB were lower than those of SB(p<0.05). The bond strengths of SB II, III, and IV were lower than that of SB I(p<0.05). There was no difference among the bond strengths of SE I ∼ IV groups(p>0.05). 2. Silver penetration areas of SB were higher than those of SE for all storage groups(p<0.05). In SB and SE groups, there was no significant difference of silver penetration area among I ∼ IV groups(p>0.05). 3. SE I, II, and III showed inverse relationship between the bond strengths and the silver penetration areas(p<0.05).

과학 기술과 실존의 위기 : 돈 디릴로우의 『하얀 소음』 Don DeLillo's White Noise

장정훈 새한영어영문학회 2005 새한영어영문학 Vol.47 No.2

The objective of this paper is to study Don DeLillo's White Noise from the viewpoint of technology and existential crisis. In White Noise, Don DeLillo explores America in which technology has become not only a pervasive and mortal threat to each individual, but also a deeply ingrained mode of existence and way of thinking. Like Martin Heidegger, DeLillo speculates about the essence of technology, the mutually reinforcing character of technology and consumer capitalism, the inauthenticity of contemporary existence, and the existential analysis of death. DeLillo asserts that the more vigorously man pursues the ultimate dream of modem technological science - the conquest of the final natural limit, death -the more rapidly that dream seems to recede and the more imminent the historically unprecedented nightmare that technology visits upon man. The most sinister and insidious aspect of modem technology is its more or less undetectable effect on the psyche. To put this in Heideggerian terms, technology tends to impose on man an inauthentic existence. Especially, technological media - television, the tabloids, radio, cinema - ultimately create their own reality. According to Jean Baudrillard, images created by the reproductive media dominate our society. Those images are simulacra, copies with no original. The hyper reality represents a much more advanced phase, in the sense that the contradiction between the real and the imaginary is effaced. Hyper reality possesses the seemingly limitless power to transform and reconstitute the very being of the contemporary individual. The objectification of contemporary man spreads through culture via the everyday consumer activities of the American family. The relentless shopping of the Gladney family provides the chief means by which they constitute their existence. Especially when Jack and Babette suffer from an attack of anxiety and dread, they rush their family off to the supermarket for another quick fix of commodification. So we can say that the reification of contemporary man is a major theme in DeLillo's novel. But DeLillo is reluctant to become identified with any specific political agenda, and refuses to offer a wholesale plan for social transformation. DeLillo remains deeply suspicious of the political prudence of all outspoken and "practicing" theoreticians. DeLillo suggests that attempts to impose conceptual clarity and theoretical rigor on the habits of many human beings too often tend to result in a dangerous form of mystification. He only speculates on the relationship between modem technology and postmodern political life. He urges that we need a chance to reconsider the contemporary American life which modern technological science may pose.

서로 다른 훈련 형태가 비만 어린이의 운동능력과 체구성비 및 혈중 지질 성분 변화에 미치는 영향

장재훈,김정규 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

This study analyzed the comparative effect of Cooper exercise and continuous aerobic exercise for 10-12-year-old children with obesity for 60 minutes daily, three times a week for 12 weeks. The selected research participants were 76 children consisted of 54 boys and 22 girls with the %fat rate over 30% and were checked for the BMI, and %fat for the obesity index and blood lipid component for TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and TC/HDL before and after the program, A 12-minute running was exercised for cardiorespiratory endurance, The intensity level of HRmax 55%-65% with the Karvonen formula measured the target heart rate for the exercise, The continuous aerobic exercise was performed for 40 minutes during the main exercise, and Cooper exercise was carried out by having the research participants carry a sand bag weighing 5% of theft body weight, A two-minute dynamic break was allowed after every 12-minute exercise. The repetitive measurement value for the pre- and post-programs was analyzed for the changing factors among the groups by using the comparative t-test analysis. A significant decrease occurred between the two groups as the result of the exercise program, weight, changes in the rate of the body formation for obesity; however, no statistical significance was resulted among different exercises, Further, the LBM was increased for every group but no statistical significance was supported, All the comparative groups showed a significant increase; however, the LBM was not significantly increased according to the statistics. The change in the blood lipid component significantly decreased for both groups; but it was significantly increased for the HDL-C, For the case of the comparative group, a significant increase was resulted; while a significant drop was evidenced for the HDL-C. For the change in the cardiorespiratory endurance, statistically significant increase was observed for the continuous exercise group and the Cooper exercise group while the comparative group showed no meaningful changes. As a result, an exercise program can significantly improve the changing factors for body shape and body formation of the children with obesity, and effectively play a role for the diseases related to arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease. No significant difference between the two exercise groups entails a necessity for a long-term program when designing an exercise program for children with obesity, rather than a short-term program according to nutrient supply and exercise mode considering the fact that they are children in grow.

나노 충전제 함량에 따른 복합레진의 표면 미세경도 차이

정영정,김연재,김정욱,이상훈,김종철,한세현,장기택 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

최근에 개발된 나노 충전제를 microhybrid 복합레진에 첨가할 때, 나노 충전제 함량이 중합에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해, 실험적으로 나노 충전제의 함량을 다르게 제작한 복합레진에서 광중합 후 미세경도를 측정, 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 나노 충전제의 함량이 2%, 3%인 군은 0%, 1%인 군에 비해 중합된 면의 미세경도가 유의하게 높았으나(p<0.01), 그 차이는 크지 않았다. 2. 나노 충전제의 함량이 높을수록 레진 시편의 하면에서의 미세경도는 증가하였으며, 나노 충전제의 함량이 0%, 1%, 2%간에, 0%, 1%, 3%간에 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.01), 2%와 3%간에는 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 3. 레진 시편의 상면과 하면의 미세 경도 차이는 나노 충전제 함량이 높을수록 감소하였으며, 나노 충전제의 함량이 0%, 1%, 2%간에, 0%, 1%, 3%간에 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.01), 2%와 3%간에는 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nanofiller content on the microhardness and polymerization of experimental microhybrid composites. The nanofiller contents in the experimental composites were varied (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%), while the total filler content remained constant as 76 %wt. We obtained the following results: 1. The microhardness of the top surface for the 2%, 3% nanofilled microhybrid composites were significantly higher than those for the 0%, 1% nanofilled composites (p<0.05), but the difference was not great. 2. The microhardness of the bottom surfaces significantly increased with an increase in the nanofiller level (p<0.05), except between the 2% and 3% nanofilled groups (p>0.05). 3. As the nanofiller level increased, the difference beween microhardness of top and bottom surfaces significantly decreased (p<0.05), except between 2% and 3% nanofilled groups (p>0.05).

운동과 아미노산 대사

장재훈,김정규 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

The effects of Pre-exercise BCAA injection on amino acids levels and exercise performance. The subjects of present study were 10 university students. All subjects participated in VO₂ max test to calculate their 75% VO₂ max workload with BCAA injection and without BCAA injection. All exercise test were continued until subjects stopped because of fatigue. There were no big changes in the total exercise performance between BCAA injection experimental conditions. In the blood isoleucine, leucine, arginine, and phenylalanine concentration, there were no significant differences between BCAA injection experimental conditions(p>.05). The blood glutamate concentration was decreased following exercise, and end of exercise were a little bit increased. The blood alanine concentration was increased and there were significant differences at the end of exercise between BCAA injection experimental conditions(p<.05). The blood ammonia concentration was increased during exercise, but there were no significant differences between BCAA injection experimental conditions(p>.05). In this study, there was no positive effect of BCAA injection as a ergogenic aids and pre-exercise BCAA injection might be lead to premature fatigue.

상아질 접착에서 collagenase와 esterase가 미세인장결합강도에 미치는 영향

정영정,현홍근,김영재,김정욱,이상훈,김종철,한세현,장기택 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

상아질-레진 접착강도에 대한 collagenase와 esterase의 영향을 살펴보기 위해, 소구치의 교합면 상아질에 Single Bond 2와 Clearfil SE Bond로 접착을 시행하고 미세 시편을 제작하여 PBS, collagenase 용액, esterase 용액에 4주간 보관한 후 미세인장결합강도를 측정, 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 모든 보관 용액에서 Single Bond 2의 미세인장결합강도는 Clearfil SE Bond보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 2. Single Bond 2의 미세인장결합강도는 collagenase군이 PBS군, esterase군보다 낮았다(p>0.05). 3. Clearfil SE Bond의 미세인장결합강도는 esterase군이 PBS군에 비해 낮았으나(p>0.05), collagenase군보다는 높았다(p>0.05). Collagenase군은 PBS군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 미세인장결합강도를 보였다(p<0.05). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagenase and esterase on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) in dentin bonding. After resin composites were bonded to occlusal dentin, μTBS specimens were formed and stored in PBS, collagenase, or esterase solution. After 4-week storage, μTBS was determined and, the results were as follows: 1. μTBS values of Single Bond 2 were lower than those of Clearfil SE Bond for all storage medium (p<0.05). 2. In single Bond 2 group, collagenase solution lowered bond strength more than PBS and esterase solution (p>0.05). 3. In Clearfil SE Bond group, esterase solution lowered bond strength more than PBS(p>0.05). Collagenase solution lowered bond strength more than esterase solution(p>0.05) and PBS(p<0.05).

스테인 에칭기법을 이용한 실리콘 마이크로머시닝

설정훈,신장규,심준환,류인식,이종현 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1994 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.5 No.1

스테인 에칭기법을 이용하여 실리콘의 도핑 농도가 높은 영역을 선택적으로 식각하는 방법을 개발하였다. 이 방법은 양극 반응을 이용한 마이코로머시닝 방법에서와 같이 반응 시편의 뒷면에 전극을 연결하거나 특수한 반응기를 이용해 전류를 공급할 필요성이 없으므로 공정 단계가 간단해지고 표준적인 집적회로 공정에서도 응용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 양극반응에서는 불가능한 n^(+)/p 구조 시편의 선택적인 식각도 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 스테인 에칭기법을 이용하여 n/n^(+)/n 3층 구조의 시편으로 켈틸레버 및 에어 브릿지 등을 실현하므로써 미세기계구조의 제조 가능성을 확인하였다. We have developed a preferential silicon etching method using stain etching technique. Current supply to the backside contact of silicon wafer and special reactor are not required in this method. Therefore this method is much simpler than anodic reaction method and could be applied to standard VLSI process. In addition, the n^(+) layer in n^(+)/p structure could be preferentially etched by this technique, which could not be implemented by anodic reaction method. We have also fabricated micromechanical structures like cantilevers and air-bridges on the n/n^(+)/n wafer using this stain etching technique.