정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

한강 하류의 남조류 및 환경요인의 연간 (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003) 변화에 대하여

서미연,김백호,배경석,한명수,Suh, Mi-Yeon,Kim, Baik-Ho,Bae, Kyung-Seok,Han, Myung-Soo 한국하천호수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.2

한강 중하류의 남조류 및 환경요인의 연간변화 (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003)를 파악하기 위하여, 2000년 4월부터 2003년 10월까지 4년간 성수대교에서 성산대교까지 총 5개 지점을 선정하여, 수계의 기초환경요인 및 식물플랑크톤 현존량 변화를 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안, 남조류의 현존량은 점차적으로 감소하여 장기간 강우가 가장 많았던 2003년에는 거의 관찰되지 않았으며, 총 식물플랑크톤 현존량에 대한 남조류의 기여도는 약 10%범위내였다. 이러한 현상은 매년 강우집중기 동안 팔당댐으로부터 많은 방류수가 유입됨으로서 수온감소는 물론 광량감소, 영양염류 희석 등에 의한 남조류의 성장이 제한된 것으로판단되며, 동일시기에 다른 조류 (녹조, 규조 등)의 높은 성장으로 엽록소 a와 식물플랑크톤 현존량이 뚜렷하게 증가하였다. 따라서 한강 하류의 고온기 동안 남조류 성장은 잦은 강우와 방류에 의해 제한을 받지만 규조나 녹조와 같은 다른 조류들의 높은 성장으로 대치되는 천이현상을 보였으며, 기후영향을 크게 받는 전형적인 하천생태계의 특성을 나타냈다. For 4 years (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003), annual fluctuations of standing crops of cyanobacteria and physicochemical factors were examined at five sites from Bridge of Seungsoo to Bridge of Seungsan in the lower part of Han River. The cyanobacterial abundance (ND to 4,167 cells $mL^{-1}$) was strongly decreased during the heavy rains in every year. During the similar periods in 2003, cyanobacteria hardly observed, and comprised below of 10 percentage of total phytoplankton. In the period of little cyanobacteria, some green algae and diatom dominated the phytoplankton community, while the concentration of chlorophyll a has not largely change. These results indicate that heavy frequent precipitation strongly limited the growth of cyanobacteria, and lead an algal succession by the appearance of new algal groups.

관학연계 주간보호센터 사업 운영 프로그램 개발 : 동작구민을 대상으로

한승의,김경희,정연강,전인희 중앙대학교 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to sere as a basis for the development of more successful programs for the elderly who used adult day care center, by examining the Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and dementia symptom of elderly people who wed in Dongjak-gu in Seoul. Data for this present study were collected from 260 people via questionnares randomly distributed to over 65-year-old elderly people who lived in Dongjak-gu in Seoul from March to June, 2001. The findings of this study were as below: 1. For general characteristics, the women outnumbered the men, as the former group accounted for 63.8% of the subjects and 36.2% were male. By age, the largest age group was 71 to 75, which accounted for 43.2%. By disease, 87.3% suffered from disease, and most of them had mode than one disease. 2. For Activities of Daily Living, washing and dressing mean scored the highest with 2.96, and bathing stored the least with 2.87. 3. Concerning Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, what's in want of the greatest help was going shopping(4.5%), followed by cooking(4.5%) and laundering(4.5%) in the order named. 4. As a result of making a primary dementia screening test, 68 people(26.2%) were suspected to have dementia, and those people need to take dementia diagnosis test to fond out dementia prevalence.

Fluoroacetate(Platol)중독 증상 연구 : 자살기도자를 중심으로

한창환,황주연,김경식,안석철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical problems of fluoroacetate intoxication. The total number of the fluoroacetate intoxication patients who came to the emergency room of Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1, 1983 to Aug. 31, 1983 were 96 cases. Among them, 41 attempters who were consulted to the psychiatrist were evaluated and observed in detail. The following results were obtained. 1. The rodenticide poisoning accounts for 37.2% of all toxic substance intoxication(total 266 cases) at Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1983 to Aug. 1983. Among them, 96 cases(36.1%) of fluorcacetate intoxication were observed. 2. Female was affected 2.4 times more frequently than male. 35.5% of total cases belonged to age group 21∼30years, when incidence was most prevalent 3. As the route of drug obtainment, supplement were commonest(63.3%), purchase in 29.4%. 4. CNS disturbances such as drowsiness, stupor, semicoma and irritability were observed in 75.6% of the cases. Speech disturbances such as dysarthria, childish speech was observed in 9.8%of the cases. Convulsion(29.3%), tremor(12.2%) spasm and twitching(4.9%) were also frequently observed. Tachycardia was found in 43.8% of the cases and other frequent symptoms were nausea and vomiting(53.7%), abdominal pain(34.2%), mild or high fever(26.8%). Lower calcium(below 9mg) was found in 29.3% of the cases and lower potassium(below 3.5mEq) was found in 22.0% of the cases. EKG findings revealed QT prolongation(22.0%), ST-T change(22.0%) and u-wave, RBBB, and PVC(14.6%). 5. 92 cases(95.8%) recovered without sequelae and 4 cases(4.2%) expired.

하루 콩단백질 25g 섭취를 위한 메뉴작성 및 영양성분 분석

한재숙,김정애,서봉순,이연정,서향순,조연숙,한경필,이신정,오옥희,우경자,조은자,구성자,김수진,李承彦,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop menus for daily intake of 25g soybean protein and to analyse nutrients of these foods. Analytical values were compared to the theoretical one using the food composition table and recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (7th revision). The results are as follows. 1. Soybean curd residue stew, Soybean curd, Kimchi saute, and hard boiled soybean and lotus root were selected for the menu for January, of which the content of soy bean protein(SBP) was 33.1g, soybean stew, soybean curd and soybean sprout saute, and Italian deep fried soybean curd were for February, of which the content of SBP was 35.0g. The content of SBP in soybean paste soup with soybean curd, fried soybean curd and fried soybean curd roll, the menu for March, was 24.9g. That of April were soybean curd gratin with soymilk, soybean curd and ham with garlic dressing and the content of SBP was 26.3g. That of May were soybean porridge, soybean flour cake with honey (Dasik), soybean sprout soup and the content of SBP was 26.7g. That of June were soymilk, pan-fried soybean curd, steamed soybean curd with chicken and the content of SBP was 28.4g. That of July were noodle with soymilk, mapatofu, soybean curd salad and the content of SBP was 24.7g. That of August were soybean sprout with mustard dressing, Tossed green pepper with raw soybean flour, Tofu and Kimchi stew, soybean curd steak and the content of SBP was 26.2g. That of September were Chinese cabbage soup with raw soybean flour, sweet and sour tofu and the content of SBP was 23.2g. That of Oct. were Fermented soybean stew, soybean pan cake and the content of SBP was 24.3g. That of November were not-pressed soybean curd casserole, pan-fried mashed soybean curd with egg, stir frying deep-fried soybean curd with vegetables and the content of SBP was 22.4g. That of December were soybean curd and mushroom casserole, fried soybean curd and vegetables, hard boiled soybean curd and the content of SBP was 28.9g. 2. The ratio of the analytical value over theoretical value (A/B%) of one serving in kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and dietary fiber were 57.7~107.7%, 42.9~131.9%, 79.2~118.3%, 54.5~100%, 40.7~80.8% and 42.1~113.2%, respectively. 3. The ratio of A/B% of one serving in Ca, K, Na, P and Fe were 44.1~93.6%, 59.0~153.1%, 53.1~117.7% 64.6%~138.8 and 33.8~77.3%, respectively. That in Fe was the lowest among minerals. 4. The ratio of analytical value over Korean R.D.A(A/C%) in Ca was relatively higher (22.0~85.9%) than that in kcal(18~63%). 5. The ratio of A/C% in Fe was 25.1~64.3% and lower than that in Ca and protein in general.

학령기 아동의 신체상과 학교생활 적응

한지영;윤희옥;정경순 김천과학대학 2005 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between body image and school adjustment among elementary school students. The subjects of this study were 120 students who were currently enrolled in 5th grade elementary school in Andong-si. The data were collected by self - reported questionnaire and collected data were analyzed SPSS WIN 12.0. The results of this study were as followings. First. The mean score of body image was 29.70 (SD 5.27). Second. The mean score of school adjustment was 84.29(SD 12.24). Third. The relation between body image and school adjustment showed a positive correlation, which was significant statistically( r = .36, p<.01). these results demonstrated that there is a strong interrelationship between body image and school adjustment among elementary school students ; the higher body image is, the higher school adjustment, therefore, it is suggested that positive body image can help to do successful school adjustment.

편측 저작습관이 저작운동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

현태연,한경수 대한 두개하악 장애학회 1997 대한두개하악장애학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the chewing movements in subjects with unilateral chewing habit. 42 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 44 dental students without any signs and symptoms of the temporomandibular disorders were selected as the patients group and the control group, respectively. BioEGN of the Biopak (BioResearch Inc. USA) was used to record chewing movements pattern as to chewing velocity, range of movements and symmetry of the path to midline. The data were analyzed by the preferred chewing side and/or the affected side by SAS/stat program. The results obtained were as follows : 1. In control group, right side chewing subjects showed more deflected path to preferred chewing side than left side chewing subjects have done. But in patients group, there was no significant difference in chewing pattern between the two subjects. 2. In unilaterally affected patients, right side affected patients showed slight difference between the movements to both sides, but left side affected patients showed significant deflection to the affected side. 3. There were some difference in preferred chewing side movement pattern between the patients group and the control group in right chewing subjects whereas no difference was seen between the two groups in left chewing subjects. 4. There was no difference in chewing velocity and range of movements between right and left side movement in all cases compared by preferred chewing side or affected side.

구동용 3상 3중 쵸퍼방식

정연택,한경희,이승환,김성남 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.2

This paper, in case of chopper controlling D.C. Motors, suggested three phase chopper system in order to reduce a source current and amature current ripple, and it's characteristic proves study on the theory and experiment. As a result of consideration, it was found that chopper system had reduced current ripple compare with two phase chopper system and impressed voltage of motor could be continuously controlled from 0 to the source voltage by adjusting chopper's time ratio α from 0 to 1.

자기공명영상용 라디오주파수 코일의 제작에 있어서 동조 및 매칭에 영향을 미치는 전기 용량 값들의 실험적 측정

양경승,신용진,김영섭,한재진,이성길,김승국,김영근,지연상 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 自然科學硏究 Vol.26 No.-

Radio frequency coil which is capable of transmit and receive the signal has been used for image production in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Tuning and matching characteristic of radio frequency coil is major factor determining the image quality. In experiment the used coil was called a staircase type coil which is simplified the birdcage coil and referred to a simple LC resonant circuit. Because the inductance values of the coils are fixed coil performance was examined by changing of the capacitance values. In this study capacitance values were experimentally determined to increase of-tuning and matching effect in junction of the coil between coil endring and BNC cable to obtain the high quality of image.

차전초(Plantago asiatica var. densiuscula Pilg.) 열수 추출액이 사염화탄소 투여에 의한 흰쥐의 혈청 지질성분과 효소활성에 미치는 영향

백경연,한준표 동아시아식생활학회 1999 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Plantago asiatica var. densiuscula Pilg. water extracts(PWE) on fat metabolism of rats and prevention to cardiovascular disease, Male Spague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups consisting of the control group(N), CCl₄(T), Plantago asiatica var. densiuscula Pilg.(P), Plantago asiatica var, densiuscula Pilg. after injection of CCl₄(TP) and CCl₄ after injection of Plantago asiatica var. densiuscula Pilg.(PT) at the level of 0.5%. After 6 weeks of feeding serum lipid levels were measured for experimental rats and analyzed enzyme activity(EA). Rats were divided into five groups of 6 animals. The enzyme activities of ALT, AST, LDH and ALP increased by administration of CCl₄ group and decreased by Plantago asiatica var. densiuscula Pilg. water extracts. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum increased by administration of CCl₄ group and decreased by Plantago asiatica var. densiuscula Pilg. water extracts. And, HDL-cholesterol decreased by CCl₄ group and significantly increased by TP group(p<0.05). Total lipid, triglyceride and phospholipid in serum decreased by P group as compared to T group(p<0.05). Considering all results obtained throughout this experiments, it can be concluded that Plantago asiatica var, densiuscula Pilg. water extracts wald improve the liver function and enzyme activity.