The prediction of the tooth size in the mixed dentition for Korean

Moon, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Seong-Oh,Yu, Hyung-Seong,Choi, Byung-Jai,Choi, Hyung-Jun,Lee, Jae-Ho 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

이번 연구의 목적은 혼합치열기 아동에서 미맹출된 견치와 소구치의 크기를 예측하는데 있어서 한국인에 맞는 방정식을 만들기 위함이다. 미맹출 치아의 크기를 예측하는 것은 혼합치열기 교정 진단과 치료계획 수립에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 미맹출된 견치와 소구치 크기를 예측하는 방법은 몇가지가 있지만 그중에서도 가장 흔하게 쓰이는 것이 모이어의 예측표와 다나카와 존스턴의 방정식이 있다. 하지만 그것들은 백인을 위해서 제작된 것이고 치아 크기는 인종에 따라서 다르다고 알려져 있다. 이번 연구에서는 치아크기를 측정하여 하악 영구 절치의 크기 합과 견치 및 소구치의 크기 합 사이의 상관관계를 구하고 회귀방정식을 이용해서 한국인에 맞는 예측표를 만들었다. 연세대학교 치과대학에 재학중인 178명의 한국 학생(남 108명, 여 70명, 평균연령 21.63)을 대상으로 실험하였다. 영구치의 근원심 폭경을 석고모형상에서 calipers를 이용해서 측정하였다. 성별간의 치아 크기는 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). Correlation coefficient는 0.57에서 0.64의 범위였고, standard errors of the estimates 는 여성에서 0.6으로써 남성보다 우수하였다. r^(2)값은 0.27에서 0.41의 범위를 나타내었다. Estimating the size of unerupted teeth is an essential aspect of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning in the mixed dentition. Several methods were introduced and used for the prediction. The most common methods among these would be Moyers probability chart and Tanaka and Johnston equations. These are currently used widely, but they were developed for Caucasians. Because there are clear racial differences in teeth size, the objectives of this study were to produce correlation coefficients between the combined mesiodistal widths of the permanent mandibular incisors and those of the canines and premolars for each quadrant, and prediction tables with regression equations, specifically for Korean. 178 young adults (70 women, 108 men, mean age 21.63 years) were selected from the College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. The mesiodistal crown diameters of the permanent teeth were measured with calipers. Significant sexual dimorphism was found in tooth sizes. The correlation coefficients between the total mesiodistal width of the mandibular permanent incisors and those of the maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars were found to be between 0.52 and 0.64. The standard error of the estimatation was better (0.60) for women and the r^(2) values ranged from 0.27 to 0.41 for both sexes, Prediction tables were prepared for Korean. This study showed larger canine and premolar diameters than Tanaka and Johnston's and Moyers' studies which might be due to the racial differences. Further investigations with a larger sample size will be needed for more representative data on the Korean population.

HBx형질전환 생쥐에서 발생한 간세포암종에서 H-ras 및 c-myc의 발현에 관한 연구

문형배,소병준,김학철,윤기중,한원철,조향정,유대열,정영진 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2002 圓光醫科學 Vol.17 No.2

<연구목적> HBx형질전환 생쥐에서 발생한 간세포암종의 발암과정에 종양유전자(H-rgs, c-myc)의 발현 정도를 조사하고자 하였다. <연구방법> 정상생쥐 12마리(4-18개월) 및 HBx 형질전환 생쥐 44마리(4-18개월)를 대상으로 포르말린에 고정하고 파라핀에 포매한 간 조직을 이용하여 면역조직화학적염색을 실시하였다. 실험군은 정상 부위, 이형성 부위 및 종양 부위로 구분하였으며, 종양 부위는 소결절성병변 부위와 간세 포암종 부위로 구분하였고, 이형성병변 부위는 이형성병변만 발견되는 부위, 소결절성병변과 동반된 이형성병변 부위 및 간세포암종과 동반된 이형성병변 부위로 구분하였다. <연구결과> H-rgs의 발현은 정상 간조직에 비하여 이형성병변 부위(P<0.05) 및 종양 부위(P<0.01)에서 증가하였으며, 소결절성병변 부위과 간세포암종 부위 사이에서는 간세포암종 부위에서 증가된 경향이었으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 각 이형성병변 부위 사이에서도 유의한 차이는 없었다. c-myc의 발현은 정상 간조직 및 이형성병변 부위에 비해 종양 부위에서 증가하였으며(P<0.001), 소결절성병변 부위와 간세포암종 부위에서는 비슷하였고, 각 이형성병변부위 사이에서도 비슷하였다. <결론> HBx형질전환 생쥐에서 발생하는 간세포암종의 발생에 H-rgs는 이형성 변화를 일으키는 시기에 관여하며, c-myc은 이형성병변에서 암으로 이행하는 시기에 관여할 것으로 생각한다. Background: This experiment was designed for the expression of H-ras and c-myc in hepatocarcinogenesis of the HBx transgenic mice. Methods: Immunohistochemical stains in the paraffin embedded tissue of the liver were used for the detection of H-ras and c-myc in the 12 normal mice and 44 HBx transgenic mice of the 4-18 month old. Results: Expression of the H-ras was significantly increased in the dysplastic area (P<0.05) and tumor area (P<0.01) than in the normal liver. But there were no differences of H-ras expression between areas of microscopically identified hepatocellular carcinoma (MI-HCC) and grossly identified hepatocellular carcinoma (GI-HCC) and dysplastic areas among the only dysplastic areas, dysplastic areas with MI-HCC and GI-HCC. Expression of the c-myc was significantly increased in the tumor area (P<0.001) than in the normal liver and dysplastic area. But there were no differences of c-myc expression between areas of MI-HCC and GI-HCC, and dysplastic areas among only dysplastic areas, dysplastic areas with MI-HCC and GI-HCC. Conclusions: Our study suggests that H-ras is related to the dysplastic change and c-myc is related to the neoplastic change in the hepatocarcinogenesis of the HBx transgenic mice.

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

랫드에서 인체 재조합 적혈구 조혈인자, rHuEPO의 13주 정맥투여 아만성독성에 관한 연구

김형식,곽승준,천선아,박현선,한하수,임소영,안미영,김원배,김병문,안병옥,홍성렬,이병무 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

A recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was administered intravenously at dosage levels of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 IU/㎏/day for a period of 13 weeks. There were no observed clinical signs and deaths related to treatment in all groups tested. Decreases in body weight gain and food consumption were observed only in males of 2,500 IU/㎏ group after 2 weeks. In hematological parameters, erythrocyte content, hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentration were dose-dependently increased in rHuEPO treated groups. The ratio between kidney weight and whole body weight was significantly increased in females of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. The spleen weight was also increased in both sexes of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. However, the absolute weight change of other organs was not observed. In histopathological examinations, the renal tubular basophilia was observed only in males and females of 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. From these results, it is concluded that the no-observed adverse effect level(NOAEL) of rHuEPO is 100 IU/㎏ in rats in the present study.

Mirizzi 증후군의 변형된 분류와 치료

김형철,강길호,채만규,김성용,백무준,이문수,박상흠,이문호,김창호,송옥평,조무식,박희주 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Purpose : The Mirizzi syndrome is relatively rare and preoperative diagnosis of this disease is difficult. In 1978, Morelli suggested the subclassification of the Mirizzi syndrome into acute or chronic form. We experienced 5 cases of acute form. We analysed clinical features, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings of 18 cases including acute forms which were diagnosed as Mirizzi syndrome and should suggest the modified classification of Mirizzi syndrome for choice of appropriate treatment. Method : From January 1995 to December 1998, 18 cases, of which 8 cases were diagnosed at Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital, and 10 cases were reported in the Korean Journal were retrospectively analysed with regard to clinical features, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings. According to the clinical features, whole cases were divided into type Ⅰ(acute form) and type Ⅱ(chronic form) and then each type of cases were subclassified according to preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings. Results : Of 18 cases there were 5 cases in type Ⅰ(27.8%), 13 cases in type Ⅱ(72.2%). Type Ⅱb was most common. Type Ⅰa cases were treated only with cholecystectomy. We applied cholecystectomy, T-tube choledochostomy and patch technique in type Ⅰb and thpe Ⅰc cases. Cholectystectomies including removal of gallstones and internal drainage procedures were done in type Ⅱ chronic forms. Conclusion : The acute form(Type Ⅰ) of Mirizzi syndrome was suggested by Morelli might be subclassified into typeⅠa,Ⅰb and Ⅰc following the presence of the necrotic defect in common hepatic duct. Through the modified classification of Mirizzi syndrome based on clinical feature, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings, we can choice appropriate treatment.

정상교합을 가진 유치열기 아동의 두부방사선 계측학적 연구

서문선,손흥규,백형선,최형준 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

소아치과 영역에서 아동의 두부방사선 계측치의 비교분석은 성장과 발육의 평가에 중요하며 부정교합의 조기진단과 치료를 위한 두개 안면부의 형태, 성장 양상을 아는 것에 필수적이다. 이를 위하여 두부방사선 계측학적 표준치가 중요한데 유치열기에 관한 연구는 많지 않으므로 유치열기 정상교합 아동의 표준치를 얻고 과거 연구에서의 계측치와 비교하고자 서울시내 소재의 유아원 아동 중 유치열기의 정상교합을 가진 4세에서 5세 아동으로 본원에 내원한 안모 및 전신 발육 상태가 양호한 아동 46명을 대상으로 측모 두부방사선 계측 사진을 촬영, 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 골격상 계측항목에서 각도 계측치는 남녀사이에 유의한 차이가 없고 길이 계측치는 남자가 여자보다 전반적으로 큰 수치를 보였다. 2. SNA는 81.3°, SNB는 76.6°, ANB difference는 4.7°를 나타냈다. 3. Anterior cranial base length에 대한 Mandibular body length의 비율은 남녀모두 0.9:1이었고 Anterior facial height에 대한 Posterior facial height의 백분율은 남자 61.4%, 여자 62.1%를 나타냈다. 4. 치성 계측항목에서는 IMPA는 84.2°, UA to SN은 90.8°를 나타냈다. 5. Ricketts의 심미선에 대하여 상순은 2.6mm, 하순은 2.5mm 전방으로 위치하고 있었다. In the field of pediatric dentistry, comparison and analysis of cephalogram values of children are important for evaluation of growth and development, and are essential to evaluate the craniofacial form and growth pattern for early diagnosis of malocclusion. For this, cephalographic norm values are important, but not many studies on the primary dentition exist. To compare the past norm values of normal occlusion in the primary dentition with current norms, preschool children, 4 to 5 years of age, with normal occlusion in the primary dentition who visited our hospital were examined. Among these children, 46 children with normal facial form and developmental status were chosen for evaluation of cephalogram values. The following results were as follows: 1. For skeletal values, the angular values showed no significant differences between males and females, and the linear values were generally greater in males than females. 2. SNA was 81.3°, SNB was 76.6° and ANB difference was 4.7°. 3. The ratio for Mandibular body length to Anterior cranial base length was 0.9 : 1 for both male and female and the ratio for posterior facial height to anterior facial height was 61.4 % for male, 62.0% for female. 4. For dental values, IMPA was 84.2°, and UA to SN was 90.8°. 5. The upper lip to Ricketts esthetic line was positioned 2.6 mm anteriorly , and the lower lip to Ricketts esthetic line was positioned 2.5 mm anteriorly.

영아의 상순에 발생한 유피낭종

김성오,문성환,이제호,최형준,최병재 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

유피낭종(dermoid cyst)은 표피형태의 상피세포로 이루어진 낭종의 벽에 피부부속조직을 포함하는 발생학적 낭종이다. 눈썹 부근이나 구강저의 중심선에 호발하지만 혀, 입술, 협점막의 병소도 보고된 바 있다. 이 병소는 천천히 커지고 무통성이며 임파선비대는 동반하지 않는다. 내용물은 피지성, 화농성등이며 크기는 수 mm에서 12cm까지 다양하다. 조직학적 특징은 상피세포 이장과 낭종벽내의 땀샘, 피지샘, 모낭동의 피부부속조직의 존재이다. 유피낭종의 치료는 완전절제이다. 완전한 절제시 재발의 가능성은 거의 없다. 본 증례의 2세 여자 환아는 1년 전에 넘어진 이후 상순에 딱딱한 것이 생겼다는 것을 주소로 연세대학교 치과대학병원 소아치과에 내원하였다. 임상 구강검사 결과 둥근 고무질감의 종괴가 상순에서 관찰되었다. 조직학적 검사를 위해 조직생검을 시행하였으며, 낭종의 벽에서 피지샘이 관찰되었다. 이에 상순에서는 드물게 발생하는 유피낭종으로 진단되어 보고하는 바이다. Dermoid cyst is a developmental cyst that is lined by epidermis-like epithelium and contains dermal adnexal structures in the cyst wall. Dermoid cyst most occur in the eye brow although occasionally develop in other locations such as midline of the floor of the mouth, tongue, lip and buccal mucosa. The lesion is slow growing and painless without lympadenopathy. The contents of the dermoid cyst can be caseous or sebaceous. The size can vary from a few millimeters to 12cm in diameter. Histologically, dermoid cyst is lined by epidermis and adnexaes such as sweat gland, sebaceous glands and hair follicles are present in the cyst wall. The 2-year-old female of this case visited Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University with a chief complaint of the emergence of mass on her upper lip. An excisional biopsy was carried out for a histological examination and sebaceous gland was observed in the cyst wall. The lesion was diagnosed as dermoid cyst. Delmoid cyst does not recur if complete excision is accomplished.

후복막강경 근치적 신적출술 : 개복 근치적 신적출술과의 비교

김경영,임동훈,문형윤,노준,김철성 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2009 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.S

Purpose: Although kidney is located in the retroperitoneal space laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is usually performed by the transperitoneal approach. At our institution the retroperitoneal approach is preferred. We evaluated the surgical outcomes, safety, oncologic outcomes, and compared with the results those of open radical nephrectomy in a contemporary cohort. Materials and Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2005 we performed retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in 37 patients with clinical stage cT1 and cT2. Data from the these patients were retrospectively compaired with 30 contemporary cases treated with open radical nephrectomy. The clinical parameters including perioperative outcomes, complications, pathologic data, learning curve and recurrence were evaluated. Results: For the 37 retroperitoneal radical nephrectomies mean tumor size was 4.6cm (range 2.3 to 8.0), surgical time was 203.6min (range 110-410) and blood loss was 241.8cc. Mean specimen size was 10.4cm (8.7-14.4). Mean analgesic used day was 1.3 (0-4) and mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.2 days. minor complications occur in 16 cases and no major complications occurred. Surgical margins were negative for tumor in all patients. Variable parameters were comparable between patients undergoing laparoscopic and open radical nephrectomy. However, laparoscopy resulted in decreased blood loss, surgical times, analgesia use, time to oral intake, time to drain removal and postoperative hospital stay. No different complication rate is between two groups Conclusions: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy can be a safe and effective treatment in renal cell carcinoma. Although no long-term follow-up is available, our follow up to mean 31 months confirm the effectiveness of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in terms of surgical principles and oncological effectiveness.

흰쥐에서 음경발기 평가의 척도로서 음경해면체내압측정술 확립

송윤섭,김용준,이광우,김준모,문기혁,박영호,민영기,유형균,김형건 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: Because studies about the control of penile erection at the entral nervous system was dependent on the animal experiments, establishment of measuring penile erection is important to evaluate the effects changes at the central nervous system on the penile erection. Intracavernous pressure measurement in rats has been introduced as a suitable index for the evaluation of penile erection but this method is invasive and technically difficult. So, we established the intracavernous pressure measurement in rats as the experimental index for penile erection. Materials and Methods: 42 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300gm) were divided to saline or papaverine treated group. Rats were placed on a heating table to maintain their body temparature and anesthetized with 50mg/kg of pentobarbital sodium by intraperitoneal injection. A cannula was inserted to the left carotid artery to measure systemic blood pressure. Saline (0.05, 0.1ml), papaverine(0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0mg) were injected intracavernously via 26 guage needle filled with saline or papaverine which connected to pressure transducer and polygraph was inserted into the corpus cavernosum on one side to inject the drug and to measure intracavernous presure. Results: Properly executed insertion and intracavernous administration produced a instantaneous but transient rise in intracavernous pressure that substantially stabilized and maintained at 5.4±0.4mmHg. Intracavernous pressure and duration of penile blood flow following intracavernous injection of papaverine are increased comared to those of saline. Conclusions: Monitoring intracavernous pressure in rats represents a suitable index for the evaluation of penile erection in small laboratory animals.

Gas Chromatography를 이용한 Aspergillus niger KCCM 32005의 Myrcene 대사산물에 대한 연구

金京禮,崔文禎,李尙駿,朴炯國,金正漢 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1991 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.3 No.1

Abstract-After biotransformation of myrcene with Aspergillus niger KCCM 32005, its neutral metabolites were isolated from the conversion broths and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Myrcene was converted into various terpenoids. Among them the five compounds, which were considered to be important as flavor, were identified as follows; terpinen-4-ol. α-terpineol, trans-carveol, cis-carveol, and carvone. Higher production was accomplished when the amount of myrcene was kept at lower but steady concentration by portion-wise introduction to the culture broth.