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李秉暾,姜亨求,姜龍柱 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1
The primary production of phytoplankton in oyster farming bays were seasonally measured by ^14C method in Hansan-Koje Bay and Kamagyang Bay for one year period. In Hansan-Koje Bay, mean daily primary production was 0.52gC/㎡/day(0.22∼1.02gC/㎡/day), and it was relatively high in summer and low in winter. Annual primary production was estimated to be 189gC/㎡/yr. Mean chlorophyll α content was 1.70mg/㎥, and it was relatively high in summer. In Kamagyang Bay, mean daily primary production was 0.91gC/㎡/day(0.11∼3.61gC/㎡/day), and it was maximum in summer and minimum in fall. Annual primary production was estimated to be 334gC/㎡/yr. Mean chlorophyll α concentration was 2.34mg/㎥, and it was maximum in summer and relatively high in winter. Considering the water area of the two osyter farming bays, annual carbon production by phytoplankton were 9,450 ton in Hansan-Koje Bay and 37,000 ton in Kamagyang Bay. In general pattern of primary production in these bays, high production occurs in summer with increasing trend since spring.
무궁화 根群 分布에 관한 연구 : 2. 土壤 種類別 實生苗의 根群 分布 2. Root system of seedlings on the soil conditions.
심경구,하유미,김진춘,서병기,강호철 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1995 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.2 No.1
This study was carried out to examine the characteristics of root system for seedlings of Hibiscus syriacus L. on the different soil conditions as a basic study for the stock of top-root cultivars. The obtained results are summarized as follows; It was significantly different on soil hardness between upland soil with 13 kg f/cm2 until 60 cm depth and waste landfill soil with 5 kg f/cm2 until 5 cm depth. But it was not measured soil hardness under 30 cm of waste landfill soil because of waste base. But soil pH was not different between soil conditions. The root depth of 'SKK 91-3' growing on upland soil was 81.0 cm and it was significantly different as compared with that of 'SKK 91-3' on the waste landfill. In addition, 'SKK 91-3' growing on upland soil had more root weight, root width, root number, main root diameter, and shoot growth than that on the waste landfill. Therefore it was suggested that soil condition affect root growth of seedlings in Hibiscus syriacus L. and then induce top-root system.
이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
Study on Relationship between Tumor Necrosis $Factor-\alpha$ Gene Polymorphism and Obese Patients
Kang Byung-Ku,Lee Si-Hyeong,Shin Jo-Young The Society of Korean Medicine 2005 대한한의학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Objective: A number of candidate genes have been in implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity in humans. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha $(TNF-{\alpha})$ is expressed primarily in adipocytes, and elevated levels of this cytokine have been linked to obesity and insulin resistance. Recently, the A allele of a polymorphism at position 308 in the promoter region of $TNF-{\alpha}$ (G-308A) has been shown to increase transcription of the gene in adipocytes. Therefore, we designed this study to test whether obese and non-obese subjects differ in $TNF-{\alpha}$ genotype distribution, and how the genotypes affect anthropometric parameters, including degrees of body mass index (BMI). Methods : The study included 153 obese but otherwise healthy women ($BMI{\geq}kg/m^2$, range 25-54.7, age range 15-40 years) and 82 non-obese healthy women ($BMI<kg/m^2$, age range 15-40 years). Total fat mass and percent body fat were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Genomic DNA was extracted and used for Ncol restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) based genotyping of $TNF-{\alpha}$. Results: No differences were observed for allelic and genotype frequencies between the obese ($BMI{\geq}25$) and non-obese women. Also, no association of TNF-(l polymorphism was observed with body mass index (BMI) for genotype in obese women. In addition, age, pertent body fat, BMI, and cholesterol levels did not differ by $TNF-{\alpha}$ genotype. However, waist-tohip ratio (WHR) was significantly lower in subjects with $TNF-{\alpha}$ GA or AA genotype (0.94 0.07 vs. 0.920.03, P<0.005). Conclusion: These results suggest that $TNF-{\alpha}$ promoter polymorphism at position-308 is not a significant factor for BMI, but affects the WHR in obese healthy women from Koreans.
환경 변화에 동적으로 적응하는 멀티에이전트 시스템을 위한 우선순위 기반 메시지 스케줄링 기법
강병길(Byung-Kil Kang),이강렬(Kang-Lyul Lee),유한구(Han-Ku Yoo),윤희용(Hee-Yong Youn) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2010 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.18 No.2
멀티 에이전트 시스템은 공통의 목표를 위해 함께 일하기로 합의한 협업 에이전트로 구성된다. 에이전트 시스템에서 메시지를 스케줄링 할 때, 동일한 우선순위가 역할의 중요도를 고려하지 않고 모든 에이전트에게 동일하게 할당된다면 성능은 극대화되지 않을 것이다. 본 논문에서 우리는 새로운 메시지 기반 우선순위 스케줄링 기법을 제안한다. 그것은 에이전트 시스템으로 하여금 에이전트와 메시지 작업 처리량의 중요도에 기반으로 메시지의 우선순위를 적절하게 모델링함으로써 환경 변화에 신속히 적응할 수 있게 한다. 에이전트 시스템의 성능은 저자들에 의해 개발된 에이전트 플랫폼을 통해 실행된 범죄 예방 시스템에 대한 사례 연구를 이용한 제안된 계획에 의해 상당히 개선된 것으로 보여준다.
고춧잎 엽장별 항산화 및 quinone reductase 유도활성
구강모(Kang Mo Ku),김병수(Byung Su Kim),강영화(Young Hwa Kang) 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.1
엽장이 다른 고춧잎들을 대상으로 quinone reductase(QR) 활성, 항산화 활성 및 기능성분 함량을 조사하였다. 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량은 엽장이 커질수록 감소하였다. 항산화 활성 또한 고춧잎의 엽장이 커질수록 감소하였다. 총 페놀 성분 및 총 플라보노이드 함량과 항산화 활성간에는 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 따라서 고춧잎의 총 페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량이 항산화의 요인성분이라고 추정된다. 반대로 고춧잎이 커질수록 QR 활성과 총 엽록소 함량이 증가하였다. 본 실험은 고춧잎의 엽장에 따라 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 성분이 유의하게 다르다는 것을 보여주었으며 그 결과로, 항산화 활성과 QR 유도활성이 엽장에 의존적으로 변하는 것을 알 수 있었다. Various leaf lengths of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaves were examined to evaluate the antioxidant activity and quinone reductase (QR) inductive activity. Total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents were decreased as leaf length was increased. Antioxidant activity was also shown to be decreased as leaf length was increased. There were significant correlations between antioxidant activities and TP and TF. Thus, it could be assumed that phenolic and flavonoid compounds were responsible for antioxidant activity of pepper leaves. On the other hand, QR inductive activity and total chlorophyll content were increased as the leaf length was increased. This study revealed that total phenol and total flavonoid content are significantly different depending on length of pepper leaves. As a result, antioxidant activity and QR inductive activity of pepper leaves are dependent on length of pepper leaves.