Clinical characteristics of green nail syndrome: A retrospective analysis

( Gi-wook Lee ),( Dae-lyong Ha ),( Jin-hwa Son ),( Jung-soo Lee ),( Kihyuk Shin ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Green nail syndrome (GNS) is an infectious disease developing greenish discoloration of the nail with accompanying nail disorder such as onycholysis and paronychia. However the data about its clinical characteristics and treatment response has been limited. Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics of green nail syndrome in Korean patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and clinical photos of 80 patients with 96 GNS lesions who diagnosed with GNS in the Pusan National University Hospitals (Busan and Yangsan) from 2009 through 2020. Results: 52 patients (65%) had risk factors for GNS include frequent wet conditions, immunosuppressive conditions, and trauma. Involvement of the thumbnail or great toenail was found in 62 lesions (64.6%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected on 23 nails (48.9%) among 47 nails showing positive bacterial culture, and fungal infection was found on 19 nails (19.7%). Several treatments including bleaching and drying nail, topical antibiotics, topical antifungals, and surgical avulsion were tried. And there were some differences of therapeutic responses according to the selected treatment modalities. Bleaching and drying showed better effect on color changes of nail, while topical antibiotics and antifungal cream showed better effect on preventing spreading. Conclusion: The result of this study could be helpful for dermatologists when encountering patients with greenish nail change.

가동원전에서 공정모델링을 통한 PID 튜닝 시뮬레이션 방법

민문기(Moon-Gi Min),정창규(Chang-Gyu Jung),이광현(Kwang-Hyun Lee),이재기(Jae-Ki Lee),김희제(Hee-Je Kim) 대한전기학회 2014 전기학회논문지 P Vol.63 No.4

PID(Proportional, Integral, Derivative) controller is the most popular process controllers in nuclear power plants. The optimized parameter setting of the process controller contributes to the stable operation and the efficiency of the operating nuclear power plants. PID parameter setting is tuned when new process control systems are installed or current process control systems are changed. When the nuclear plant is shut down, a lot of PID tuning methods such as the Trial and Error method, Ultimate Oscillation method operation, Ziegler-Nichols method, frequency method are used to tune the PID values. But inadequate PID parameter setting can be the cause of the unstable process of the operating nuclear power plant. Therefore the results of PID parameter setting should be simulated, optimized and finally verified. This paper introduces the simulation method of PID tuning to optimize the PID parameter setting and confirms them of the actual PID controller in the operating nuclear power plants. The simulation method provides the accurate process modeling and optimized PID parameter setting of the multi-loop control process in particular.

제주마의 번식과정에 있어서 혈중 Steroid Hormone수준변화에 관한 연구 Ⅲ : Ⅲ. PGF_(2)α처리에 의한 무발정 제주마의 치료효과

장덕기,양기천,김중계,서문현 제주대학교 농과대학 제주도축산문제연구소 1991 畜産論叢 Vol.6 No.1

The effects of PGF_(2α) on the conception rate and the plasma levels of estradiol- 17β and progesterone of anestrus Cheju mares were investigated at the breeding and non-breeding seasons. The results obtained from this studies are as follows; 1. The durations of the estrus and diestrus after PGF_(2α) treatment persisted shorter than control cycle (p<O.05), but ovulation time was fast. 2. The levels of estradiol-17β and progesteron before PGF_(2α) treatment showed 103.8pg/ml, 8.Ong/ml in breeding season and 72.8pg/ml, 4.7ng/ml in non-breeding season, respectively. 3. The levels of estradiol-17β rose to 115.4-154.Opg/ml. and 90.8-127.Opg/ml from 2nd to 6th day after the treatment of PGF_(2α), in breeding and non-breeding seasons, respectively, while progesterone level dropped to Ing/ml with the sign of estrus and at 8th day rose in breeding season (p<O.05) 4. Of thirty anestrus mares investigated for PGF_(2α) administration, 87.5% showed estrus on an average of 3.8 days after treatment and the conception rate was 62.5% in breeding season, but the estrus and conception rates dropped 40%, and 20% in non-breeding season, respectively.

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

만성 췌장염의 임상적 연구

김창덕,현진해,정문기 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Background/Aims: Chronic pancreatitis is a chronic inflammatory process leading to destruction of exocrine tissue, fibrosis, and in some patients, loss of endocrine tissue. A multiplicity of causes may lead to chronic pancreatitis; however, chronic alcohol abuse appears to be the etiologic basis in 70-80% of adult patients. As the problem of chronic alcoholism has grown in the our country, the prevalence of chronic pancreatitis is increasing. However, few reliable studies have been performed concerning the clinical features of chronic pancreatitis in Korea. So we investigate the clinical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of imaging studies in chronic pancreatitis. Methods: We analyzed the 91 patients with chronic pancreatitis who were diagnosed and managed at Anam Hospital, Korea University in Seoul frorn January 1988 to December 199i. Results: The sex incidence showed male predominance with a male to female ratio of 4.7:1 and peak age groups were 5th and 6th decades. Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis was chronic alcohol consumption(54.9%), and the other causes were biliary disease, anomaly of the pancreas, hyperlipidemia, and hyperparathyroidism. Cause was not identified in 20.9% of patients. Most of patients complaints abdominal pain(91%), and other eomplaints were indigestion(73.6%), weight loss (39.6%), jaundice(13.2%) or diarrhea(8.8%). Elevated serum amylase and fasting sugar level were shown in 39.6% and 29.7% of patients respectively. Sensitivity of abdorninal sonogram, CT scan, and ERCP were 59%, 78% and 89% in diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis respectively. CT scan was supetior to other methods in detection of pancreatic calcification and smail cystic lesions, and ERCP was superior to others in detection of minor ductal change. Twenty-one cases were accompanied by complications such as pseudocysts, biliary stenosis, duodenal obstruction, splenic vein thrombosis & pseudoaneurysm. Endoscopic treatment was given in 12 cases and surgical operation was performed in 19 cases due to complicaiton. Conclusions: Chronic alcohol comsumption is a major cause of chronic pancreatitis. CT and ERCP are essential diagnostic tool in evaluating morphological changes of chronic pancreatitis.

파종성 임균 감염과 급성 C형 바이러스 간염이 동반된 1례

김기창,이충훤,서영환,이진수,정문현,최지호,문연숙 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

임질은 개발도상국에 흔한 질환이며 이 지역으로 여행하는 해외 여행자에서도 성인성질환의 중요 원인이다. 또한 다른 성인성 질환과 동반되어 발생하기도 한다. 임균은 대부분은 점막에 국한되는 감염을 일으키지만 일부 환자에서는 점막외 부위에 감염을 일으키며 파종성임균 감염이 가장 흔한 전신 감염형태이다. 파종성 임균감염은 열과 오한, 피부 병변, 건활막염, 이동형 관절염으로 나타나며, 국내에서는 이에 대해 보고가 없었다. 또한 C형 바이러스 감염이 성접촉 후 발생한다는 것을 직접 증명한 예가 없었다. 필리핀 여행 후 40세 남자 환자가 발열, 다관절통, 출혈성 수포, 농포로 내원하여 활액 검사에서 임균이 관찰되어, 전신성 임균 감염으로 진단되어 ceftriaxone으로 치료하였다. 또한 외래에서 경과 관찰 중 간기능 이상과 anti-HCV 양성전환을 보여 급성 C형 바이러스 간염을 진단하고 interferon-α 2b로 치료 후 증상의 호전을 보인 예를 경험했기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Gonorrhea is endemic in developing countries. Frequent sexual contacts are common among travellers to endemic countries and the risk of sexually transmitted disease as gonorrhea is believed to be high. Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) results from blood dissemination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from the primary mucosal infection and is a common cause of infective arthritis in sexually active adults in the USA. The usual manifestations of DGI are dermatitis, tenosynovitis, and septic arthritis. We experienced a case of DGI concomitant with acute viral hepatitis C, probably acquired by sexual contacts in Philippines. A 40-year-old man took a trip to Philippines and stayed for a week. During his stay in Philippines, a hemorrhagic bulla and several pustules developed on his extrimities. Subsequently he suffered from high fever and arthralgia of several joints, including both knee joints. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was identified by culture of an aspirate from the right knee joint and he was managed with ceftriaxone for 3 weeks under the diagnosis of DGI and gonococcal arthritis. During the follow-up at the outpatient clinic, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels began to rise and an anti-HCV antibody became positive. Because HCV viral loads were surging up from 56,703 copies/mL to 538,292 copies/mL during the next 4 weeks, interferon-alpha 2b was administered for 6 months with resultant normal liver function tests and undetectable HCV viral loads.

MPEG-2 VBR 비디오 데이터의 트래픽 셰이핑

서덕영,장승기,경문현,박섭형 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 1996 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

This paper describes two traffic shaping methods for VBR(variable bit rate) video bit streams encoded in the MPEG-2 syntax. Difficulties in control of VBR video traffic are lessened by traffic shaping. Burstness of single layer MPEG-2 can be reduced by performing intra-refresh in more than one consecutive frames. In two layer encoding of spatial scalability, burstness can be reduced by setting the temporal locations of GOP starting frame of a layVBR 트래픽을 허용한다는 것이다. 모든 AAL er, differently from the other. Queueing analysis shows that these two methods outperform conventional encoding schemes in terms of temporal and semantic QoS requirements.

Uzbekistan 공화국의 농업현황

곽재균,조은기,김행훈,윤문섭,석순종,김창영 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

1. Uzbekistan은 전통적인 농업국가로서 농업이 경제의 축이며 농촌인구가 60%,농업부문 종사자가 전 산업에서 차지하는 비율이 44%이고 농업생산이 GNP에서 차지하는 비중이 33%로서 비교적 높은 편이다. 2. 이 나라의 농업은 강우량이 적고 건조한 기후조건 때문에 주로 관개에 의존하고 있으며 안공수로와 저수지의 건설로 관개가능 면적은 430만㏊ 이고 충분한 수량만 확보된다면 700만㏊ 까지 경작이 가능하다. 농업생산은 목화, 밀, 벼, 포도, 채소, 멜론재배가 주종을 이루고 있으며 특히 일조시수가 3,000시간으로 매우 길고 일사량도 많아 목화, 고품질의 포도와 멜론 생산이 유명하다. 3. 축산업도 농업에서 중요한 부문으로 주로 유목에 의존하고 있으며 염소, 고기소, 젖소, 면양이 주된 가축이고 양잠업도 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 4. Uzbekistan은 맥류, 목화, 포도, 사과, 양파 등의 원산지 일 뿐만 아니라 박과 작물의 2차원산지로서 유전적 다양성이 풍부하고 특히 멜론은 많은 재래종 품종들이 분화되어 재배되고 있다. 5. Uzbekistan는 1995년 한·우즈벡 농업기술협력 가능성 조사 이후 1996년부터 양국간 유전자원 공동연구가 활발히 추진되고 있다 금후 인근 중앙아시아 각국과의 유전자원 또는 농업관련 공동연구를 수행함에 있어 우즈베키스탄을 전진기지로 활용하는 방안이 적극 모색되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. The Republic of Uzbekistan is located in the central part of the middle Asia. The area of the Republic makes up 447.4 thousands ㎢ and about 60% of the country is semi-desert or desert with only 4.5 million hectares of the area cropped. The average temperature in July on the plains' territory varies from 26℃ in the North to 30℃ in the South, and the average temperature in January falls to as low as 0℃ in the South and to -8℃ in the North. Precipitation primarily occurs during the winter-spring period. Annual precipitation amounts to 80-200 ㎜ on the plains, 300-400 ㎜ in the foothills area and 600-800 ㎜ on the eastern and south-eastern slopes of the mountain ridges. Natural pastures occupy 50.1% of the total area of Uzbekistan, and 9.7%(4.3 Min. ha) of irrigated lands. Irrigated land is mainly cultivated for cotton, spiked cereals, rice and potato. Cotton plants occupy 36.5% of the cultivated areas and grain crops 39.5%. Given the abundance of solar radiation and heat, the major factor limiting the use of agroclimatic and land resources is a deficit of water. Agriculture in Uzbekistan was and still is the largest sector in Uzbekistan's economy. Agriculture and it's related industries account for approximately 33% of GDP, and 55% of the hard currency revenues of the country is related to Agriculture. Approximately 60% of the population resides in rural areas, and 44% of the work force is engaged in agricultural production. Uzbekistan is the world's fifth largest cotton producer and the second largest exporter. Cotton has been center to the economy because it accounts for about 50% of the country's export earnings. At the same time, however, cotton production has depended on vast amounts of irrigation, and this has had a possibly significant irreversible negative impact on the Aral Sea. The development strategy in the agricultural sector in the country is targeted at ensuring food and environmental security, while increasing the efficiency and export-potential of domestic production. According to the macroeconomic forecast, the agrarian sector will maintain its leading role in the economy (at 25% of GDP). To meet the strategic development goals by 2010, annual growth in agricultural output must be at least 5-6%.

증숙 공정을 이용한 마 분말 첨가 팬케익 프리믹스의 품질특성

강문경,김진숙,김기창,최송이,김경미,Kang, Moon-Kyung,Kim, Jin-Sook,Kim, Gi-Chang,Choi, Song-Yi,Kim, Kyung-Mi 한국식품조리과학회 2016 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of pancake mix containing Dioscorea batatas powder. In order to optimize the formulation ratio of the pancakes, steaming process was used to develop health-oriented products by adding D. batatas saponin and improved blood circulation. Methods: D. batatas powder was substituted into pancake at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of the total weight of wheat flour. Results: The viscosity of batter tended to increase as the ratio of D. batatas powder increased whereas the measures of spreadability were not significantly changed. In addition, the L-value and b-values decreased gradually while a-value increased. Among the textural characteristics cohesiveness tended to increase in proportion to the amount of D. batatas powder. Conclusion: The results of the sensory evaluation showed that pancake made with 20% D. batatas powder was the most preferable in appearance, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability.

병재배 폐톱밥을 이용한 양송이 복토재료 개발에 관한 연구

김홍규,이희덕,김용균,한규홍,문창식,김홍기 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

애느타리 병재배후 탈병한 톱밥을 3월 중순 퇴적하여 부숙시킨 결과 퇴적기간에 따른 폐톱밥의 부숙정도는 퇴적 30일이후에 가장 컸으며 부숙 소요일수는 최소 48일이었다. 퇴적 기간에 따른 폐톱밥의 pH 및 총 질소 함량은 부숙이 진전됨에 따라 증가하는 경향이었고 총 탄소 및 C/N율은 시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향이었다. 식양토에 부숙이 완료된 톱밥을 부피 비율로 10, 30, 50%씩 첨가하여 복토 재료로 사용한 결과 30% 첨가시 식양토 단용 처리보다 A. bisporus 균사 생장이 촉진되고 초발이 소요일수가 5일 빠르며, 수량에 있어서도 28% 증수되었다. After bottle culture of Pleurotus ostreatus, sawdust was taken out from the bottle and accumulated in the middle of March, and then composted. As the result, Y value was decreased rapidly 30 days after composting, and it was decreased slowly after 30 days. It is considered that 118 days is required for composting, however, it is possible to use for casing material after at least 48 days composting. The pH and total nitrogen content of sawdust based on composting period had tendency to increase as composting was processed. Total carbon and C/N rate had tendency to decrease as time went on. Based on the rate of 10, 30 and 50%, each sawdust was added to clay loam used as casing material for culturing A. bisporrus. Among various treatments, the mycelial growth of A. bisporus was more favorable in the treatment of 30% sawdust than in the single treatment of clay loam. Based on the date necessary for primodium formation of A. bisporus, the primodium formation in the treatment of 30% sawdust was reduced to about 5 days as compared with that of any other treatments When 30% sawdust was added to clay loam used as casing material for culturing A. bisporus, the yield of its fruiting body was increased to 28%.