서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

프랙탈 이론을 이용한 게시판 알고리즘의 설계 및 구현

문남원,박충희,김영민,이상준 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2003 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.1

We analyze bulletin board application currently used, and we propose the method that minimize disk I/O to enhance the I/O efficiency of the transmission of a large size of data. To improve the performance, we use fractal algorithm. Experiential result shows better performance than the other algorithm. Our next researches include the effort to improve the speed of computation by converting floating point operation to integer operation. And the method to enhance the precision of calculation is included also.

입력전류 파형 개선형 단상 정류기의 토폴로지

이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),박진민(Jin-Min Park),문상필(Sang-Pil Mun),서기영(Ki-Young Suh) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2003 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

For small capacity rectifier circuits such as these for consumer electronics and appliances, capacitor input type rectifier circuits are generally used. Consequently, various harmonics generated within the power system become a serious problem. Various studies of this effect have been presented previously. However, most of these employ switching devices, such as FETs and the like. The absence of switching devices makes systems more tolerant to over-load, and brings low radio noise benefits. We propose a power factor correction scheme using a LC resonant in commercial frequency without switching devices. In this method, it makes a sinusoidal wave by widening conduction period using the current resonance in commercial frequency, Hence the harmonic characteristics can be significantly improved, where the lower order harmonics, such as the fifth and seventh order are much reduced. The result are confirmed by the theoretical and experiment implementations.

하지 수술을 위한 경막외 마취시 Ropivacaine 과 Bupivacaine 의 비교

이상곤,민병우,반종석,문철준 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Comparison of Epidural Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Lower Extremity Surgery Chul-Jun Mun, M.D., Sang-Gon Lee, M.D., Jong-Suk Ban, M.D. and Byung-Woo Min, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea Background: Ropivacaine is an amide local anesthetic structurally related to bupivacaine. A ran-domized, double-blind study was performed to compare the clinical effectiveness of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in patients undergoing lower-extremity surgery. Methods: Forty-nine patients (ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ) were randomized to receive 15 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine or bupivacaine. Twenty patients received 15 ml of ropivacaine and 20 patients received 15 ml of bupiva-caine at the L3,4 or L4,5 interspace. Parameters measured were the onset time, duration and spread of sensory block, the onset time, duration and degree of motor block, the quality of anesthesia and the heart rate and blood pressure profile during the block onset. Results: Demographic characteristics were similar among the groups. Seven patients were excluded from the study due to technical failure of the block, two patients were excluded due to insufficient data. The onset and duration of analgesia at T10 dermatome (mean ?? SD) was 18.9 ?? 7.0 minutes and 187.5 ?? 34.6 minutes respectively for ropivacaine, and was 15.2 ?? 8.8 minutes and 187.8 ?? 40.0 minutes respectively for bupivacaine. Maximum block height (mean ?? SD) was T6.5 ?? 2.0 for ropivacaine and T6.4 ?? 2.0 for bupivacaine. The incidence of complete motor block (Bromage scale 3) was low in the ropivacaine group, being 3/20 for ropivacaine and 12.20 for bupivacaine. Conclusions: The sensory blockade profile of ropivacaine, administered epidurally, is similar to that obtained with an equal dose of bupivacaine. However motor blockade with ropivacaine is less intense, less frequent, and of shorter duration than with bupivacaine. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 434~438)

A. 高校 科學 (生物·地球科學) 및 數學科 探究學習의 評價模型 定立과 評價紙 開發

李相協,權炳奎,林在圭,孫文求,吳岱燮,楊洪準,梁承榮,姜用熙,林成圭,金正遠,金吉民,兪正在 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1982 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

Currently the evaluation of high school science and mathematics learning has been too much knowledge-centered without concerning the inquiring ability or scientific attitude. This study, therefore, was made for the purpose of establishing of evaluation model for high school science (biology and earth science) and mathematics learning and its evaluation items. In this paper, the research was done about three fields, biology, earth science and mathematics. 1. For the biology, the evaluation methods of inquiry learning were studied with the foreign references, and proper evaluation items were suggested. 2. For the earth science, after analizing 5 kinds of earth science textbook of current using in high school, essential 19 items were selected. 5 of them were tested in test group and control group, then, the results were analized. 3. For the mathematice, the teaching elements of「Set」and「Flow chart」in mathematics (Ⅰ) were selected and structured. Detailed teaching objects were established and evaluation items were introduced.

Surface Modification of Block Copolymer Through Sulfur Containing Plasma Treatment

Choi, Sang Wook,Shin, Jae Hee,Jeon, Min Hwan,Mun, Jeong Ho,Kim, Sang Ouk,Yeom, Geun Young,Kim, Kyong Nam American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.10

<P>Some of the important issues of block copolymer (BCP) as an application to the potential low cost next generation lithography are thermal stability and deformation during pattern transfer process in addition to defect density, line edge/width roughness, etc. In this study, sulfur containing plasma treatment was used to modify the BCP and the effects of the plasma on the properties of plasma treated BCP were investigated. The polystyrene hole pattern obtained from polystyrene polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) was initially degraded when the polystyrene hole was annealed at 190 degrees C for 15 min. However, when the hole pattern was treated using sulfur containing plasmas using H2S or SF6 up to 2 min, possibly due to the sulfurization of the polystyrene hole surface, no change in the hole pattern was observed after the annealing even though there is a slight change in hole shapes during the plasma treatment. The optimized plasma treated polystyrene pattern showed the superior characteristics as the mask layer by showing better thermal stability, higher chemical inertness, and higher etch selectivity during plasma etching.</P>

넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 수온 자극 스트레스에 대한 사료첨가제 투여 효과

권문경,박상언,방종득,조병열,이상민,박수일 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.3

본 연구는 넙치의 수온 스트레스에 대한 사료첨가제 (미역 5%, 미역 10%, 어보산 0.5%, 고추냉이 잎 2%, 고추냉이 줄기 2%)의 영향을 혈액학적, 면역학적 측면과 Edwardsiella tanda를 사용하여 질병에 대한 저항성으로서 평가하였다. 혈장의 글루코즈와 콜티졸 농도는 1차 수온 변동 후 대조구에 비하여 미역 5%와 고추냉이잎 2% 첨가구에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P〈0.05). 1차 수온 변동 후 혈장 라이소자임 활성과 E. tarda의 공격 시험 후 생존율은 미역 5%첨가구에서 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P〈0.05). 본 실험 결과 미역 5% 첨가 사료 투여는 넙치의 스트레스 상태에서 질병 감염에 대한 저항성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The effect of each dietary supplements (Undaria 5%, Undaria l0%, Obosan 0.5%, Wasabi leaf 2%, Wasabi stem 2%) on the water temperature fluctuation in juvenile olive flounder (Puralichthys olivaceus) was investigated. The response to stress was assessed in terms of effects on haematological and immunological, and resistance against Edwurdsiella tarda infection. Plasma glucose and cortisol levels were significantly lower in 5% undaria and 2% wasabi leaf supplement groups than the controls after the first change of water temperature (P<0.05). The plasma lysozyme activities and the survival rates from E. tarda infection were significantly higher in the 5% undaria supplement groups than the control (P<0.05). These results suggest that the 5% undaria supplement seems to be contributable to the increased disease resistance on olive flounder.

ZVT-PWM 승압형 컨버터를 이용한 무전극 램프의 역률 개선

서기영,문상필,박진민,김주용 경남대학교 신소재연구소 2003 신소재연구 Vol.15 No.2

무전극 램프(EFC)의 전등은 램프 양단에 고주파를 갖는 고전압을 인가해야 한다. 종래의 무전극 램프의 구동 회로로 선형 증폭기가 이용되어져 왔으나, 낮은 에너지 변환 효율로 인해 PWM 스위칭 방식의 인버터로 교체되고 있다. 그러나 고주파 스위칭시 인버터의 스위칭 소자에서 스위칭 손실의 증가 및 노이즈 발생의 문제로 인해 PWM 인버터는 고주파 동작이 제한된다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 영전압 스위칭 기술을 PWM 인버터에 적용하여 고주파 스위칭이 가능하고, 또한 스위칭 손실과 노이즈 발생을 줄일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는, 무전극 램프 구동용 인버터의 역률 개선 회로로서 이용될 수 있는 승압형 컨버터에 있어서 소형화 및 고전력 밀도에 큰 장점을 갖는 영전압 천이 PWM 승압형 컨버터에 관한여 서술하였다. 영전압 천이 PWM 승압형 컨버터의 정상상태 동작을 구간별로 해석하였으며, 이를 통하여 영전압 스위칭 조건을 도출하였다. 또한 이 컨버터를 무전극 램프 구동용 인버터의 역률 개선 회로에 적용, 실험을 하였으며 그 결과 0.99이상의 역률을 달성함을써 역률 개선 동작의 타당성을 입증하였다. Driving the electrodeless fluorescent lamp, the high AC voltage with high frequency is required. The linear power amplifier has been widely used as a driving circuit of electrode-less fluorescent lamp(EFL). However, the low efficiency of the power amplifier causes the driving circuit to be replaced by a PWM switching inverter. In other to use a PWM switching inverter as the driving circuit of an electrode-less fluorescent lamp, the high switching frequency is required But due to the switching loss at switches of the inverter, the limitation of high switching frequency appears in the inverter. One solution to this limitation is to reduce the switching loss by using the zero voltage switching technique. In this paper, an application of the ZVT-PWM(Zero-Voltage-Transition) boost converter, which has great advantage on mini-on and high power density, to the power factor correction circuit of the EFL(Eiectrode1ess Fluorescent Lamp) inverter i s studied. The operation principle of the converter are described to identify the power factor correction characteristics of the inverter. Experimentally obtaining the high power factor above 0.99, it is verified that the power factor correction of the EFL inverter successfully achieved.

저손실 스너버 회로를 이용한 유도 전동기의 서지전압 억제

서기영,문상필,김주용,박진민 경남대학교 신소재연구소 2003 신소재연구 Vol.15 No.2

The development of advanced Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT)has enabled high-frequency switching operation and has improved the performance of PWh4 inverters for motor drive. However, the high rate of dv/dt of IGBT has adverse effects on motor insulation stress. In many motor drive applications, the inverter and motor are separated and it requires long motor type. The long cable contributes high frequency ringing at the motor terminal and it results in hight surge voltage which stresses the motor insulation. The inverter output filter and RDC snubber are conventional method which can reduce the surge voltage. In this paper, we propose the new low loss snubber to reduce the motor terminal surge voltage. The snubber consists of the series connection of charging/discharging capacitor and the voltage-clamped capacitor. At IGBT turn-off, the snubber starts to operate when the IGBT voltage reaches the voltage-clamped level. Since dv/dt is decreased by snubber operating, the peak level of the surge voltage can be reduced. Also the snubber operates at the IGBT voltage above the voltage-clamped level, the snubber loss is largely reduced comparing with RDC snubber. The proposed snubber enables to reduce the motor terminal surge voltage with low loss.

부하주파수제어를 위한 신경망제어기의 응답특성

이오걸,김상효,정동일,주석민,김문수 동의공업대학 1998 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

This paper proposes that a neural network is one of self-organizing techniques, It is composed of a neural network controller as an input signal is in error and change of error which is optimal output, and is a learned system by using an error back-propagation learning algorithm is one of error minimizing learning methods, In order to achieve practical real time controls and reduce learning time. it is applied as a load-frequency control of nonlinear power systems using a moment learning method, It is described in such a case considering constraints for a rate of increase generation-rate.