서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

도재면 전처리 방법이 도재-레진간 접착에 미치는 영향

황성욱,김교한 대한치과기재학회 1996 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.23 No.2

The present study investigated the effectiveness of several surface pretreatment methods on the bonding of resin to dental porcelain. We used the BIS-GMA adhesive resin without the silane coupling agent. the #1,000 SiC pater ground porcelain specimens were treated with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid(HF) etching(Group Ⅰ), 50㎛ Al₂O₃sandblasting (Group Ⅱ), and diamond bur surface roughening(Group Ⅲ). The HF etching group showed the most irregular and retentive surface pattern, and micro-holes and micro-channels. The diamond bur surface roughening group showed a similar surface pattern to the sandblasted group, but it had relatively macroscopic irregularities. The HF etching group showed the highest shear bond strength, followed by the diamond bur surface roughening group and the 50㎛ Al₂O₃sandblasting group. The majority of the specimens showed cohesive porcelain fracture regardless of their shear bond strength. The relationships among the surface pretreatment methods. the fractured surface finding, and shear bond strength were examined. It were revealed that the residual stress which was porcelain cohesive fracture. As a result, we understand that the residual stress which was generated by surface pretreatment procedure easily created micro-cracks under the lower external force, so the porcelain layer fracture cohesively under lower external stress.

도재면 전처리 방법이 도재-레진간 접착에 미치는 영향

황성욱 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.12 No.1

구강 내에서 이용 가능한 도재면의 전처리 방법이 도재-레진간 접착에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 도재표면을 저농도 불산에 의한 산부식법, 50μm Al_2O_3 입자를 사용한 sandblast법, diamond bur에 의한 표면처리법에 의해 각각 전처리한 한 수복레진을 접착시켜 접착강도값을 측정하고, 이 접착강도값과 전처리면의 표면 양상, 접착계면 양상, 파단면 양상등을 상호분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 전처리한 도재의 표면 양상으로는 불산으로 전 처리한 Ⅰ군에서 가장 불규칙하고 복잡한 표면소견을 보였다. 미세한 hole과 이들이 서로 연결된 형태인 micro-channel 의 양상을 뚜렷이 관찰할 수 있었으며, 형성된 함몰부는 대체로 둥근 형태를 가지고 있었다. 한편 sandblast 처리를 한 Ⅱ군에서는 불규칙한 미세한 함몰양사을 볼 수 있었으나 micro-channel 의 양상은 볼 수 없었다. 그리고 형성된 함몰부위는 불산부식군에 비해서 비교적 날카로운 형태를 보였다. Diamond bur로 전처리한 Ⅲ군에서는 sandblast 처리한 Ⅱ군과 유사한 형태의 함몰양상을 보였으나 Ⅱ군에 비해 상대적으로 조대한 함몰부위를 볼 수 있었다. 전단접착강도는 불산 부식한 Ⅰ군이 10.8±0.9MPa 로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 Diamond bur 처리한 Ⅲ군이 7.21±1.35 MPa, sandblast 처리한 Ⅱ군이 4.96±1.78Mpa 로 가장 낮은 접착강도를 나타내었다. 파단면 양상은 접착강도값과는 상관없이 대체로 도재에서 응집파절되는 양상을 보였다. 각 군의 파단하중보다 낮은 정하중을 부여한 각 군 시편의 접착계면을 관찰해 본 결과 가장 낮은 전단접착 강도값을 나타낸 sandblast 처리군의 접착계면 하방에서 micro-crack 이 형성되어 있는것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 사실로 미루어 볼 때 기계적인 도재의 표면처리 시행시 처리과정에서 도재 내부에 잔류응력이 형성될 수 있으며 이로 말미암아 낮은 외부하중에 의해서도 쉽게 도재내부에서 응집파괴가 나타나 겉보기상의 접착강도가 얻어진 것으로 생각된다. The present study investigated the effectiveness of several surface pretreatment methods on the bonding of resin to dental porcelain. We used the BIS-GMA adhesive resin without the silane coupling agent. The #1,000 SiC paper ground porcelain specimens were treated with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching (Grup Ⅰ), 50μm Al_2O_3 snadblasting (Group Ⅱ), and diamond bur surface roughening (Group Ⅲ). The HF etching group showed the most irregular and retentive surface pattern, and micro-holes and micro-channels, which were connected by several micro-holes, were observed. The sandlasted group showe micro-retentive areas, but we could not observe micro-channels. The diamond bur surface roughening group showed a similar surface pattern to the sandblasted group, but it had relatively macroscopic irregularities. The HF etching group showed the highest shear bond strength, followed by the diamond bur surface roughening group and the 50μm Al_2O_3 sandblasting group. The majority of the specimens showed cohesive porcelain fracture regardless of their shear bond strength. The relationships among the surface pretreatment methods, the fractured surface finding, and shear bond strength were examined. It was revealed that the residual stress which was generated by the surface pretreatment procedures played an important role in producing porcelain cohesive fracture. To confirm these effects of residual stress on cohesive porcelain fracture, we loaded the stress, which was lower than the fracture stress of each group, on specimen and then removed the stress and cross-cut the specimen perpendicular to the bonding interface. We could observe micro-cracks within the porcelain layer of the sandblasted specimen. As a result, we understand that the residual stress which was generated by surface pretreatment procedure easily created micro-cracks under the lower external force, so the porcelain layer fractured cohesively under lower external stress.

Epoxy-Amine-PGE系의 力學的 性質

황의훈,김상욱 서울市立大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

epoxy수지와 함께 경화제로는 ethylene diamine(EDA), hexamethylene diamine(HDA), diethylene triamine(DETA)등을 사용하였다. 한편 첨가제로 phenyl glycidyl ether(PGE)를 사용하여, 이의 함량변화에 따른 각 hardner system의 力學的 性質에 대한 效果를 實驗하였다. 이를 위해 여러 가지 경화조건과 혼합비율에 따라 인장특성과 충격강도등을 측정하여 이들의 함수관계를 알 수 있었고 또한 이 composites의 역학적 성질이 최적화되는 조건을 고찰하였다. The purpose of this study is to research into the effect of PGE(Phenyl Glycidyl Ether) on mechanical properties of Epoxy-Amine-PGE system. For measurement of the mechnical properties, tensile properties and impact strengths are measured in accordance with an ASTEM method. Mechanical properties of Epoxy-Amine-PGE system have been investigated as a function of PGE content. The properties of the network structure are predominantly controlled by appropriate choice of PGE content. Results are as follows; 1. In three amine hardener systems, tensile properties increased but impact strengths somewhat decreased as a PGE content was increasing. This result may be due to effect of PGE which decreases system cross-linking density as "chain stopper". 2. Tensile strengths of Epoxy-HDA-PGE system were higher than those of Eposy-EDA-PGE system as a whole. This result may be due to decreasing of cross-linking density in system with increasing of molecular weight of hardener. 3. In Epoxy-DETA-PGE system, tensile strength had a maximum value and impact strength had a minimum value at PGE-12 phr.

韓國産 天南星科 植物에 關한 本草學的 硏究

황상욱,김태현,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1

For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Araceae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigated and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 14 genera and 42 species in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 7 genera, 23 species, some 55% in total but, the number of species may be added because of the similiar plants. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants belonging to the Araceae family were classified as Rhizoma 20, Radix 10, Folium 4, Flos 3, Herba 1. Thus it was noticed that Rhizoma and Radix was the main kind. 3. According to sum of 42 species in Araceae family, they were classified into Arisaema genera 17, Acorus and Zantedeschia genera 4 each, Philodendron and Symplocarpus genera 3 each, Anthurium and Colocasia genera 2 each. Thus it was noticed that Arisaema genera was the main kind, some 40.5% in total. 4. According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were classified into warmth and heat ; 25, cold and cool ; 3, balance 2 and unidentified 6. Thus it was noticed that warmth and heat is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 5. Comparing to whole medicinal plants 23 kinds, toxic drugs include minor toxin were 18 kinds, 78.3% of the whole. From this result, It was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Araceae was 55% of the whole, in which RHIZOMA and RADIX was mostly abundunt. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approaches must be continued to use Araceae plants widely.

점액성췌장 낭종 1예

황석주,김영운,오성광,김대영,임선재,박승욱,이두용,이헌영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2

Pancreatic cystadenoma is very rare, slow growing tumor and generally preoperative differential diagnosis may be difficult. A 43-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of abdominal discomfort in the epigastrium for about preceeding 5 years. Ultrasonography and Computed tomography were performed. When endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatogram was performed, displacement of distal pancreatic duct by huge mass was noted and injected dye was drained irregulary into the cavity of mass. Distal pancreatectomy was performed with splenectomy. The mass size of distal pancreas was 7X4cm, and the cyst contained with yellowish thick mucoid fluid. Diagnosis was confirmed the mutinous cystadenoma of the pancreas on histologic examination.

미맹출 영구 견치 및 소구치 근원심 폭경 추정에 관한 연구

황민성,김정욱,장기택,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2002 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

본 연구는 서울시 치과의사횡에서 주관한 건치아동 선발대회 후보의 경석고모형 162쌍을 분석하여 성별에 따라 하악 영구 4전치 근원심 치관 폭경합의 계측치에서 상악 및 하악의 편측 영구 견치 및 제 1, 2 소구치 근원심 폭경합을 추정하는 회귀방정식과 확률표를 구하였다. 그리고 성별간 차이를 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 남자와 여자 모두 동일한 악궁 내에서 좌우측 영구 견치 및 소구치의 폭경합은 유의한 차이가 없었다.(p>0.05). 남녀간의 상하악 좌우측 영구 견치 및 소구치의 폭경합의 계측치(x)에서 상악 및 하악의 편측 영구 견치 및 제 1, 2 소구치의 근원심 폭경합(y)을 추정하기 위한 회귀 방정식은 다음과 같았다. 남자 상악 영구 견치 및 소구치 폭경합 : y=10.45+0.53x 남자 하악 영구 견치 및 소구치 폭경합 : y=10.07+0.51x 여자 상악 영구 견치 및 소구치 폭경합 : y=12.65+0.42x 여자 하악 영구 견치 및 소구치 폭경합 : y=11.70+0.42x 남자+여자 상악 영구 견치 및 소구치 폭경합 : y=11.01+0.50x 남자+여자 하악 영구 견치 및 소구치 폭경합 : y=9.87+0.51x The purpose of this study was to establish regression equations and probability charts for predicting the summ of mesiodistal crown diameters of unerupted unilateral canine and premolars from the sum of mesiodistal crown diameters of four mandibular incisors in Korean male and female. The plaster casts of 162 children(75 boys and 87 girls) among the contestees in 1994-2001 Healthy Dentition Contest in Seoul were measured. Sex differences are compare and the following results were obtained: 1. Bilateral comparison of sum of widths of permanent canine and premolars showed no significant differences for either sex(p>0.05). Sum of widths of permanent canine and premolars of male were significantly larger than that of female(p<0.01). 2. Regression equations for the prediction of sum of widths of permanent canine and premolars in each sex were as follows: Male ∑ Maxillary 345 : y=10.45+0.53x Male ∑ Mandibular 345 : y=10.07+0.51x Female ∑ Maxillary 345 : y=12.65+0.42x Female ∑ Mandibular 345 : y=11.70+0.42x Male+female ∑ Maxillary 345 : y=11.01+0.50x Male+female ∑ Mandibular 345 : y=9.87+0.51x

서울 강서지역 1개 대학병원에서 성인 급성 신우신염의 원인균과 항생제 감수성

황병연,이재갑,박대원,이연주,김성범,엄중식,손장욱,정희진,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

목적 : 3년간 서울시 강서지역의 1개 대학병원에서 입원치료를 받은 성인 급성 신우신염 환자를 대상으로 원인균과 항생제 감수성을 조사하고, 향후 급성 신우신염의 초기 경험적 치료 항생제를 제안하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1999년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 3년간 고려대학교 의과대학 구로병원에 상부요로감염으로 내원한 16세 이상 환자 229명의 의무 기록을 검토를 통하여, 인구학적 특성, 원인균, 항생제 감수성, 초기 항생제 사용 양상과 입원기간을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연구에 포함된 229명을 118명의 단순 신우신염군과 111명의 복잡 신우신염군으로 구분 하였다. 단수 신우신염의 평균 발생 연령은 38.2세와 복잡 신우신염 56.1세로 복잡 신우신염 환자의 연령이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 양군 모두에서 원인균 중 E. coli의 분리율이 가장 높았으며 항생제 감수성 결과 ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfame-thoxazole에는 높은 내성률을 보였고, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime에 대한 감수성은 비교적 높았으나 복잡 신우신염의 경우 단순 신우신염에 비하여 ciprofloxacin, gentamicin에 대한 감수성이 다소 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 평균 입원 기간, 항생제 투여 기간에 있어서도 복잡 신우신염군에서 유의하게 길었다. 결과 : 본 연구의 결과 서울의 강서 지역에서 대학병원급에 치료 의뢰되는 단순 급성 신우신염의 치료에 있어 1차 항생제로 3세대 cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, quinolone 중 한가지를 초기 경험적 치료제로 사용을 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background : The purpose of this study is to recommend the initial therapeutic regimen for adult patients with acute pyelonephritis (APN) according to the changes of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of causative microorganisms isolated from patients with APN. Methods : We reviewed medical charts of 229 APN patients, who had been treated at Korea University Guro Hospital from 1st of January. 1999 to 31st of December, 2001. We investigated the demographic data, clinical findings, durations of hospital treatment, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the causative microorganisms and initial antibiotic regimens in patients with APN. Results : In this study, 229 adult patients with APN were classified into simple APN patients (118 patients, 51.5%) and complicated APN patients (111 patients, 48.4%). Mean age of patients with simple APN was 38.2±14.1 years old and that of patients with complicated APN was 56.1±14.9 years old. Mean age of patients with complicated APN was significantly higher than that of simple APN patients (P<0.0001). Escherichia coli was the most common microorganism both in simple APN (96.7%) group and in complicated APN (90.6%) group. Antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was at the low level of ampicillin (31%/20%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (42.6%/34.2%) in each group. In contrast, ciprofloxacin (11.5%/22.7%), gentamicin (16.4%/22%) and cefotaxime (0%/8.2%) resistance remained at relatively lower level. In comparison of simple APN with complicated APN, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin resistances were higher in complicted APN group. Average duration of hospitalization (5.9±2.3 days/8.2±4.6 days) and duration of antibiotic use (12.1±3.9 days/15.3±10.0 days) were significantly longer in complicated APN. Conclusions: The results of this study suggests that 3rd cephalosporin, aminoglycoside or quinolone antibiotic would considered as one of the initial therapeutic regimen for patients with simple APN in southwestern Seoul.

경구용 액체약의 함유된 감미제의 종류와 함량

황민성,김정욱,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

치아우식증을 예방하기 위해 당분을 포함한 음식의 사용을 조절해야 한다는 것에는 동의하지만 어쩔 수 없이 인지되지 못한 체 액체약에 포함된 형태로 공급되는 상당량의 당분이 존재한다. 당분을 포함한 액체약을 장기간 복용할 때는 우식 발생의 위험성이 증가될 수 있다. 본 연구는 경구용 액체약을 처방받는 경우를 고려하여 약제를 통한 당분의 섭취량에 대한 정보를 얻어 치아우식증의 예방에 도움을 주고자 조사를 하였다. 본 연구는 서울대병원 어린이병원에서 처방된 경구용 액체약을 조사하여 소아 환아에서 흔히 사용되는 액체약의 목록을 구하였고, 현재 국내에서 시판되고 있는 액체약을 기준으로 각 제조사에 자료를 요청하여 생상중인 액체약에서 그 속에 함유된 감미제의 종류와 함량에 대해 조사하였다. 아동에서 흔히 사용되는 액체약은 진해거담제, 암모니아혈증 치료제, 항생제, 빈혈약, 진정제, 항히스타민제, 항전간제, 비마약성진통제의 순이었다. 액체약에 함유된 감미제의 평균함량은 52.3±22.4g/100ml이었다. 그리고, 액체약에 함유된 감미제 중 가장 많이 사용되는 것은 백당이었다. Though a consensus seems to exist about the regulation of the use of sugar-containing food, however, an unrecognized and significant supply of cariogenic carbohydrate remains in the form of sugar-containing liquid oral medicine to prevent dental caries, children who are taking long-term sugar-containing liquid medicine have an increased risk of developing dental caries. The aim of this study is to get the information about the sugars in liquid medicines prescribed for the children. To get the information, the number and date of all prescriptions of liquid medicines for one month at pediatric hospital of Seoul National University Hospital were investiagted. From tha tdata, the most frequently used pediatric oral liquid medicine is presented. Then, for the information of the type and contents of sweeteners in that preferred medicines, the manufactures of each medicines were asked for the data of sugar types and contents, and the informations about the medicine contents were collected via facsimile. The most frequently used pediatric oral liquid medicine were followed as expectorant, purge, antibiotic, drug for iron deficiency anemia, sedative, antihistamine, anticonvulsant, NSAIDs in order. The mean value of sweetener content in liquid medicines was 52.3±22.4g/100ml and most frequently used sweetener is sucrose.

[논문]자연신체활동 프로그램의 실태 및 인식 조사

진성욱,황해익 부산대학교 교육연구소 2011 교육혁신연구 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구에서는 교사-유아 간 애착안정성 정도에 따라 유아의 스트레스 정도 및 유아의 스트레스 대처행동에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 문제에 따른 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사-유아 간 애착안정성 정도에 따른 유아의 스트레스 정도에는 통계상 유의미한 차이가 없었고, 유아 스트레스 하위 영역인 교사, 또래, 학습 환경에서도 통계상 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 다만 학습 활동영역에서 교사-유아 애착안정성이 낮은 유아 집단이 높은 집단보다 스트레스를 더 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 교사-유아 애착안정성 정도에 따라 교사, 또래,학습 환경 요인과 관련된 유아 스트레스에 차이가 없으며, 교사-유아 애착안정성이 높을수록 유아가 학습활동 요인과 관련된 스트레스를 덜 받는다는 것을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 교사-유아 간 애착안정성 정도에 따른 유아의 능동적, 수동적, 신비적 스트레스 대처행동 양식에서 통계상 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 교사-유아 간 애착안정성 정도가 높은 집단이 능동적 대처를 더 많이 하고, 교사-유아 간 애착안정성 정도가 낮은 집단이 수동적 대처와 신비적 대처를 비교적 더 많이 한다는 것을 알 수 있다. Due to lack of systemic program regarding physical activity in children, the study is to identify the constitution and development of the Natural Physical Activity Program by offering environmentally friendly elements such as wind, sun, mountain, sea, river, tree, flower, field for children. We expect children to learn the relation with nature, respect for life, understanding and love, importance of working together, and etc. The research questions for the purpose of this study are as followed: First, this study is going to identify the overall awareness and its needs of the Natural Physical Activity Program among preschool teachers. Second, we will look over how we can develop such program for preschool teachers. And a direction proposal on Natural Physical Activity Program. About 250 preschool teachers resided in Busan and Gyug-nam province were urged to participate in a research questioning their awareness and needs of the program. Among 250 preschool teachers, we choose 20 of them to interview about the goal, plan and development direction of the program. The result of the study is following as: First, most of the preschool teachers have a positive view on the Natural Physical Activity Program, and they agree that the program is highly needed to use. However, it is urge that overall education environment need to be improved to achieve its goal of the program. Second, the interview on the development direction is categorized as need, development direction, teaching method, evaluation method, activity, problem, improvement, solution, and etc. and, Third, the contents of the program include environmentally friendly elements such as wind, sun, mountain, river, sand, tree, flower, field to induce children’s interest and whole-person education. The contents of the program are expected to deliver hands-on experience for children. And also, the program includes physical activity using a nature object. Based on the potential problems we identified, a next study is expected to deal with following points. First, more empirical research is needed to prove the effectiveness of the program in a broad way by proposing a program that can be applicable at child-education center. Second, the study developed contents to make children feel enjoyable about nature. Unfortunately, in-depth research and development of such program is not sufficient. In this respect, more continuous research on Natural Physical Activity Program is required and need to be widely established.