Water-soluble Genistin Glycoside Isoflavones Upregulate Antioxidant Metallothionein Expression and Scavenge Free Radicals

Chung, Mi-Ja,Kang, Ah-Young,Jun, Hee-Jin,Kim Sang-Yeon,Moon, Tae-Hwa,Park, Kwan-Hwa,Lee, Sung-Joon 생명자원연구 2005 생명자원연구 Vol.13 No.-

놀이중심 사회적 능력 증진 프로그램의 효과 연구: 발달지체 유아를 대상으로

정계숙,노진형,박명화 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2001 영유아보육연구 Vol.7 No.-

This study purposed to examine the effects of the social competence program for improving the social competence of developmentally delayed young children referred to the Child Intervention and Counseling Center, Pusan National University. The subjects were four 3-4 year-old boys. Three of them were diagnosed as developmental delays or child with autistic behavioral characteristics by child psychiatric doctors. One boy was not diagnosed by the doctor, but was identified as developmental delays which may be caused from reactive attachment disorder in the process of the diagnostic assessment by the researchers. The social competence program was composed of 16 sessions which had some structured and unstructured play activities selected from several social competence related intervention programs for young children with social-emotional difficulties. The length of the program was one and half hours and the ratio of child vs adult was 2:1. At every after-session meetings for on-going monitoring to the children's behaviors, the intervention team members consisted of the researcher, intervention teachers, observers and parent meeting leaders exchanged the informations about the children each other and discussed about the better intervention practices of the next session. To analysis the effects of the social competence program, observation data obtained by 2 trained observers in the observation room at every sessions and the informations about child's behaviors and changes in home and other life settings gathered from mothers at every parent meetings were analyzed qualitatively in terms of each child's objective behaviors. In spite of some individual differences, the young children with developmental delays showed more positive and active social behaviors with their intervention teachers in the center and mothers and siblings in home generally than before the program. It suggested some implications for improving the practices of the social competence program for developmentally delayed young children with socal-emotional difficulties.

NaCl이 보리(Hordeum vulgare L.) 잎의 엽록소 형광에 미치는 영향

정화숙,임영진,박강은,박신영 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.12

This study was conducted to investigate the changes of chlorophyll contents and chlorophyll fluorescence in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) 7 day old seedling treated with 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0.8M, and 1.0M NaCl concentration containing Hepes buffer(pH 7.5). Barley was affected by NaCl treatment. The chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid of barley decreased with an increase in NaCl concentration. However, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid of barley were not greatly influenced by o.8M and 1.0M NaCl. Fv, Fv/Fm and qP were gradually decreased by higher concentration of NaCl. qP, qNP, qR and qE were gradually decreased by 6hr. During barley chloroplast was development NaCl affected chlorophyll synthesis than photosynthetic activity. Whereas barley seedling leaves were more influenced photosynthetic activity than chlorophyll contents by NaCl.

세라믹 브라켓의 제거 시 Er : YAG 레이저의 효능

서충환,장나영,채종문,조진형,김상철,강경화 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.4

본 연구에서는 세라믹 브라켓 제거에 Er:YAG 레이저 조사가 도움이 되는지 알아보고, 브라켓 제거에 적합한 레이저 조사 방법을 연구하였으며, 또 이렇게 적용된 레이저가 치수와 법랑질에 손상을 주는지도 알아보았다. 총 190개의 치아, 단결정 세라믹 브라켓(MISO), 다결정 세라믹 브라켓(Transcend series 6000)과 KEY Laser3를 사용하였다. 실험군은 세라믹 브라켓의 종류(단결정, 다결정)와 레이저의 에너지(140, 300, 450, 600 mJ)에 따라 분류하였으며, 레이저를 브라켓당 두 곳에 1펄스씩 조사하고, 전단 강도를 측정하였다. 대조군은 레이저를 조사하지 않는 군으로 하였다. 레이저 조사에 의한 열 효과는 브라켓 하방 법랑질과 치수강에서 측정하였으며, 전단 강도 측정 후 치면에 남아있는 접착제의 양을 접착제 잔류 지수(adhesive remnant index)를 이용하여 평가하였다. 레이저 조사로 인한 접착제의 파괴 양상과 법랑질 표면 변화를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 모든 세라믹 브라켓군에서 레이저 에너지가 증가 할수록 전단 강도는 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한, 브라켓 하방 법랑질에서 최대 온도 변화는 평균 3.78˚C 상승에 그쳤으며, 치수강에서 최대 온도 변화는 평균 0.9˚C 상승에 그쳤다. 주사전자현미경을 이용한 법랑질과 접착제 단면 관찰에서 접착제 표면이 레이저에 의해 붕괴되어 분화구 모양의 구덩이로 관찰되었으며, 일부 시편에서 약 10 - 30μm의 법랑질 손상이 발견되었다. Transbond XT로 부착된 단결정 도재 브라켓(MISO)의 디본딩에 Er:YAG 레이저를 이용할 경우, 300 - 450 mJ의 레이저 에너지를, 그리고 다결정 도재 브라켓(Transcend series 6000)의 경우는 450 mJ 정도의 에너지를 사용하는 것이 효과적이고 안전할 것으로 생각된다. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out whether Er:YAG laser can aid in debonding ceramic brackets, and to see what kind of method will be the most appropriate for debonding. Methods: One hundred and ninety teeth, monocrystalline brackets (MISO, HT, Ansan-Si, Korea), polycrystalline brackets (TranscendTM series 6000, 3M Untek, Monrovia, CA, USA) and the KEY Laser3 (KavoDental, Biberach, Germany) were used. Experimental groups were classified according to the type of ceramic brackets, and the amount of laser energy (0, 140, 300, 450, 600 mJ). After applying laser on the bracket at two points at 1 pulse each, the shear bond strength was measured. The effect of heat caused by laser was measured at the enamel beneath the bracket and pulp chamber. After measuring the shear bond strength, adhesive residue was evaluated and enamel surface was investigated using SEM. Results: All ceramic bracket groups showed a significant decrease in shear bond strength as the laser energy increased. The greatest average temperature change was 3.78˚C on the enamel beneath the bracket and 0.9˚C on the pulp chamber. Through SEM, crater shape holes caused by the laser was seen on the enamel and adhesive surfaces. Conclusions: If laser is applied on ceramic brackets for debonding, 300 - 450 mJ of laser energy will be safe and efficient for monocrystalline brackets (MISO), and about 450 mJ for polycrystalline brackets (Transcend series 6000).

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

2007년 대한감염학회 권장 성인 예방접종 권장안

강진한,김홍빈,손장욱,이상오,정문현,정희진,최영화,최정현,최준용,최희정 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

In 2007, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases recommended an immunization schedule for adults residing in Korea. This recommendation includes four categories: standard immunization for healthy persons, supplementary immunization for persons with underlying illnesses, recommendations for health-care personnel and for international travelers. The Standard Immunization Schedule consists of universal vaccination (tetanus-diphtheria/tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Td/Tdap); hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 20s; human papilloma virus vaccine for women under 26 years old; meningococcal vaccine for military recruits and college students in dormitories; influenza vaccination for persons aged 50 years or more and pregnant women; and pneumococcal vaccination for persons aged 65 years or more) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 30s; hepatitis B vaccine, varicella and MMR vaccines for persons who have uncertain specific immunities). The Supplementary Immunization Schedule recommends 4 vaccines, i.e., pneumococcal, influenza, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, appropriate to the underlying illnesses, and confirmation of the presence of antibodies to hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The Recommendation for Health-Care Personnel includes universal vaccination (influenza and pertussis) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and varicella for seronegative health-care personnel). The Recommended Immunization for International Travelers focuses reinforcement of vaccinations for healthy persons and includes certain immunizations necessary for international travel (yellow fever, meningococcal, plaque, tick-borne encephalitis, and cholera). These guidelines can be seen at www.ksid.or.kr.

향상된 메모리 기반 학습 알고리즘

한진철,김상귀,윤충화 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2006 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.-

K-NN (k-Nearest Neighbors), which is a well-known memory-based learning algorithm, simply stores entire training patterns in memory, and uses a distance function to classify a test pattern. K-NN is proven to show satisfactory performance, but it is notorious for memory usage and lengthy computation. Various studies have been found in the literature in order to minimize memory usage and computation time, and NGE (Nested Generalized Exemplar) theory is one of them. In this paper, we propose RPA (Recursive Partition Averaging) and IRPA (Incremental RPA) which is an incremental version of RPA. RPA partitions the entire pattern space recursively, and generates representatives from each partition. Also, due to the fact that RPA is prone to produce excessive number of partitions as the number of features in a pattern increases, we present IRPA which reduces the number of representative patterns by processing the training set in an incremental manner. Our proposed methods have been successfully shown to exhibit comparable performance to k-NN with a lot less number of patterns and better result than EACH system which implements the NGE theory.

고등학교 생물 교과서에 제시된 비유의 유형과 역할 분석

배진순,정화숙 경북대학교사범대학과학교육연구소 2005 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.29 No.-

Overfitting 제거를 위한 규칙 확장

한진철,윤충화 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2005 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.24 No.-

RPA (Recursive Pattern Averaging) algorithm, which is an instance-based learning method, generates representative patterns from training set, and uses them to classify a test pattern by computing Euclidean distances. RPA is proven to show satisfactory performance, but it has a major disadvantage that it cannot explain the user how the classification result is obtained. This explanation capability is crucial to some domains where expert systems are employed. In order to overcome this disadvantage, we propose a rule-extracting algorithm that produces IF-THEN rules from RPA method, and a pruning algorithm by expanding conditions in IF part of rules in order to improve generalization capability.

급성충소돌기염의 임상 : 병리학적 고찰

양기화,조준필,하영천,한진우,정학재,손수창,이성희,황재훈,신철호 최신의학사 1989 最新醫學 Vol.32 No.4