수면 동안 시간에 따른 뇌의 기능적 연결성 분석

장나영,염홍기,최우성,고낙용 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

The stage of sleep and the role of the brain area varies over time. Therefore, analysis on connectivity over time is required. In this paper, we analyze the functional connectivity during the sleep over time. The electrocorticography (ECoG) data was measured from two monkey during sleep. electrooculography (EOG) and electromyography(EMG) from the chin were recorded simultaneously. The ECoG signals were band-pass filtered at 0.5~4Hz, 4~8Hz, 8~13 Hz, 13–30 Hz, 30~200 Hz. Functional connectivity and degree centrality were calculated from the filtered ECoG signals. Our results showed that the degree centrality was similarly varied according to the EOG signals. It implies that the change of the centrality reflects the stage of the sleep.

초등교사의 학생중심수업에 대한 교사협력의 효과: 협력 유형 및 경력별 분석

장나영,박소영 한국교원교육학회 2025 한국교원교육연구 Vol.42 No.1

본 연구는 저경력 교사와 중경력 교사의 유형별 교사협력 및 학생중심수업 수준과 차이를 분석하고, 유형별 교사협력 활동이 학생중심수업에 미치는 영향과 교사 경력에 따른 상호작용 효과를 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 한국초등교원종단연구 1차 연도~3차 연도 자료를 사용하여 기술통계, 독립표본 t-검정, 이원고정효과 분석을 하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 중경력 교사가 교사협력 참여 수준이 저경력 교사보다 높았으며, 학생중심수업의 수준에는 경력 간 차이가 없었다. 두 집단 모두 유형별 교사협력과 학생중심수업 수준이 측정시점별로 유사하였다. 둘째, 저경력 교사와 중경력 교사의 유형별 교사협력 활동은 학생중심수업에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 두 집단 모두에서 공동교수활동의 효과가 가장 컸으며, 공동학습활동의 효과가 가장 작았다. 셋째, 교사협력의 학생중심수업 행동에 대한 효과는 중경력 교사에게 더 작은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 교사협력의 학생중심수업에 대한 효과를 개인과 시간의 영향을 통제함으로써 보다 엄정하게 분석하였으며, 교사협력 유형과 교사경력을 고려하였다는 의의가 있다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 학생중심수업에 특히 효과가 있는 것으로 나타난 공동교수활동의 참여 증진 방안과 교사 발달 과정과 필요를 고려한 교사협력 참여 지원 방안을 마련할 것을 제언하였다. This study examined differences in teacher collaboration and student-centered instruction between early-career and mid-career teachers, the effects of type-specific teacher collaboration on student-centered instruction, and the interaction of these effects with teacher career stages. Using data from the 1st to 3rd waves of the ‘Korean Teacher Longitudinal Study: Elementary School Teacher’, descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and two-way fixed effects models were employed. Results showed that first, mid-career teachers participated more in teacher collaboration, but no career-stage differences were found in student-centered instruction. Both groups showed similar levels of teacher collaboration by type and student-centered instruction across measurement time points. Second, co-teaching had the strongest positive impact on student-centered instruction for both groups, while co-learning had the weakest. Third, the effect of teacher collaboration on student-centered instruction was smaller for mid-career teachers. This study highlighted the importance of fostering co-teaching which showed the strongest effects on student-centered instruction and providing support for teachers to participate in teacher collaboration by considering teachers’ developmental stages and needs.

예비교사의 교직선택동기 유형에 따른 진로준비 행동과 교수역량의 차이: 기대가치이론을 중심으로

장나영,박소영,이유경 한국교원교육학회 2024 한국교원교육연구 Vol.41 No.3

본 연구는 기대-가치-비용에 근거하여 예비교사의 교직선택동기를 사람 중심 분석으로 유형화하고 교직선택동기의 유형에 따라 예비교사의 진로준비행동과 교수역량에 차이가 있는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울, 인천, 충북, 충남, 대구, 부산, 전남에 소재한 8개의 일반대학 및 교원양성대학의 350명의 초중등 예비교사의 온라인 설문 응답 자료를 활용하여 잠재프로파일분석과 BCH 분석을 실시하였다. 잠재프로파일 분석 결과, 예비교사의 교직선택동기는 ‘고기대-고가치-고비용’, ‘중상기대-중상가치-중상비용’, ‘고기대-고가치-저비용’, ‘중기대-중가치-고비용’, ‘중기대-중가치-중비용’의 5개 유형으로 분류되었다. BCH 분석 결과 전반적으로 기대와 가치가 높은 유형의 예비교사가 비용의 수준에 관계 없이 진로준비행동과 교수역량도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 변수 중심 분석에서 밝힐 수 없었던 개인 내 기대-가치-비용의 조합을 통한 교직선택동기 유형에 대한 이해를 더하였으며, 교직이라는 상황에서는 비용보다 기대와 가치가 중요함을 밝혔다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 학술적․실천적 시사점을 제시하고 후속연구를 위한 제언을 하였다. This study aimed to classify pre-service teachers' motivations for choosing the teaching profession using person-centered analysis based on the expectancy-value-cost framework, and to examine whether differences exist in career preparation behaviors and teaching competencies across these motivational profiles. Latent profile analysis of online survey data from 350 pre-service teachers enrolled in 8 general and teacher training universities in Seoul, Incheon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Daegu, Busan, and Chunnam revealed five distinct motivational profiles: 'high expectancy-high value-high cost,' 'moderately high expectancy-moderately high value-moderately high cost,' 'high expectancy-high value-low cost,' 'moderate expectancy-moderate value-high cost,' and 'moderate expectancy-moderate value-moderate cost.'. BCH analysis indicated that profiles with higher expectancy and value were associated with higher levels of career preparation behaviors and teaching competencies regardless of the level of cost. This study enhanced the understanding of motivation types for choosing the teaching profession through combinations of expectancy-value-cost that could not be identified in variable-centered analyses, highlighting that in the context of motivation for choosing the teaching profession, expectations and value are more important than cost. Based on these findings, academic and practical implications were discussed, and suggestions for future research were presented.

Postoperative External Beam Radiotherapy for Retroperitoneal Soft Tissue Sarcoma

장나영,김일한,최진화,박찬일 대한방사선종양학회 2008 대한방사선종양학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas treated by postoperative radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: The records of 23 patients with retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas, who underwent postoperative radiotherapy between 1985 and 2003, were analyzed. The median follow-up period was 77 months (range, 8∼240 months). A total of 21 patients presented with primary disease, and two patients presented with recurrent disease. Liposarcomas and leiomyosarcomas represented 78% of the diagnosed tumor cases. Moreover, 17 cases were of high grade (grade 2 or 3). The median tumor size was 13 cm (range, 3∼50 cm). Complete excision was achieved in 65% of patients. The median radiation dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0 to 59.4 Gy), with conventional fractionation. Results: The 5-year overall, local recurrence-free, and distant metastasis-free survival rates were 68%, 58%, and 71%, respectively. Eleven patients experienced local recurrence, while 9 patients experienced distant metastasis. The most common site for distant metastasis was the liver. A univariate analysis revealed that adjacent organ invasion and age (>60 years) as the significant risk factors contributing to the prediction of poor overall survival. Moreover, multivariate analyses indicated that adjacent organ invasion remained significantly associated with a higher risk of death. In addition, patient age (>60 years) was the other identified risk factor for local recurrence by univariate and multivariate analyses. Except for one case of grade 3 diarrhea, no patient suffered grade 3 or higher complications. Conclusion: Our results were comparable to previous reports in that adjacent organ invasion and patient age (>60 years) were significant predictors of poor survival and tumor recurrence, respectively.

Comparison of Soft Tissue Changes between Adolescents and Adults in Class II Malocclusion Treatment

장나영,조진형,이유미,강경화,Chang, Na-Young,Cho, Jin-Hyoung,Lee, You-Mee,Kang, Kyung-Hwa Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2009 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.34 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue changes of class II adolescents and adults in respect to extraction or nonextraction. The study included 68 patients from Wonkwang Dental Hospital were categorized to adolescent extraction group, adolescent nonextraction group, adult extraction group, adult nonextraction group. Cephalometric tracing of each patient was done to compare pretreatment and posttreatment of each group, to compare the changes between groups. And among the variables that showed significancy, correlation analysis and simple linear regression were done. The results were as follows. 1. In both adolescents and adults after extraction treatment, nasolabial angle significantly increased and in both subjects after non extraction treatment, nasolabial angle significantly decreased. 2. In extraction subjects, there were positive correlation between the amount of treatment changes of vertical-U1 and E line-upper lip, the changes of vertical-L1 and E line-lower lip, the changes of vertical-L1 and vertical-Li. 3. In extraction subjects, simple regression equations of E line-upper lip, E line-lower lip, Li were calculated by regression analysis. According to the results above, it could be considered that the effect of the extraction or nonextraction treatment was greater than the effect of growth.

상용화제(POE–g–MAH) 함량에 따른 Polyolefin elastomer/Ethylene vinylacetate 필름의 물성 변화에 대한 연구

장나영,강은혜,박정진,유경철,김종희,이승구 한국염색가공학회 2023 韓國染色加工學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

Polyolefin elastomer (POE) is widely used in a variety of applications, particularly in the manufacture of composites, due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and flexibility. However, POE has a high processing temperature, which causes damage to the fiber during the manufacturing process when impregnating the fiber. Therefore, ethylene vinylacetate (EVA), which has a low melting point and excellent adhesion properties, is blended with POE to reduce the processing temperature, and POE-g-MAH (Polyolefin elastomer–grafted–maleic anhydride) is used as a compatibilizer to further improve the POE/EVA blend properties. The compatibility of POE/EVA blends is observed by SEM, and the interaction between each polymer is confirmed by DSC and FT-IR. In addition, the effect of adding the commepatbilizer is analyzed through mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation. The optimal content of compatibilizer for POE/EVA blends considering physical properties and moldability is sought, and 20 phr is determined to be the most appropriate.

성별에 따른 예비교사 교직선택동기 유형 비교: 기대가치이론을 중심으로

장나영,박소영,이유경 한국교육행정학회 2024 한국교육행정학회 학술연구발표회논문집 Vol.2024 No.11

기대가치이론 기반 교직선택동기 유형: 초등과 중등 예비교사 간 비교

장나영,박소영,이유경 한국교육학회 2024 교육학연구 Vol.62 No.8

This study aimed to compare the levels and profiles of teaching career motivations between pre-service elementary and secondary teachers using expectancy-value theory. Both groups reported high effort cost and attainment value, with secondary teachers showing higher intrinsic value and elementary teachers higher personal utility value and opportunity/emotional costs. Latent profile analysis identified 5 profiles for pre-service elementary teachers (‘high expectancy/value-high cost’, ‘moderately high expectancy/value-moderately high cost’, ‘high expectancy/value-high effort cost’, ‘moderate expectancy/value-high utility-high cost’, and ‘moderate expectancy/value-moderate cost’) and 7 profiles for pre-service secondary teachers (‘high expectancy/value-high cost’, ‘moderately high expectancy/value-moderately high cost’, ‘moderately high expectancy/value-high cost’, ‘high expectancy/value-high effort cost’, ‘high expectancy/value-low cost’, ‘moderate expectancy/value-high cost’, and ‘moderate expectancy/value-moderate cost’). Based on the findings, we proposed measures to enhance and select pre-service elementary teachers with high intrinsic values, and to reduce costs for pre-service teachers at both elementary and secondary levels.

대학생의 디지털 리터러시에 영향을 미치는 변인 탐색

장나영 한국교양교육학회 2023 교양교육연구 Vol.17 No.5

디지털 리터러시는 디지털 정보 사회를 살아가는 데 필수적인 역량이다. 본 연구는 대학생의 디지털 리터러시와 그 하위요인에 영향을 미치는 변인을 실증적으로 살펴봄으로써 디지털 리터러시 교육에 고려해야 할 요인에 대해 제언하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2022년 지방 중소규모 K 대학의 학부교육실태조사(K-NSSE)에 참여한 292명의 설문 응답을 사용해 위계적 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 분석 결과, 각 하위요인별로 영향을 미치는 변인은 상이했으나 대체적으로 학생의 성별, 교수-학생 상호작용, 직원과의 관계 만족도, 전공, 자기효능감, 적극적이고 능동적인 학습 경험이 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 디지털 리터러시 함양을 위한 교과목 설계와 교육환경 구축을 위해 고려할 사항들에 대해 시사점을 제공한다. Digital literacy is an essential competency for living in a digital information society. This study aims to empirically examine variables that influence the digital literacy of college students. To achieve the purpose of this research, a series of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted using survey responses from 292 participants in the 2022 K-NSSE at K university. The analysis revealed that while the variables influencing each sub-factor varied, the following factors had significant effects on the dependent variables: gender, student-faculty interaction, satisfaction with relationships with staff, major field of study, academic self-efficacy, and active learning experiences. The findings of this study provide implications for the design of a curriculum and the creation of educational environments to foster digital literacy.

대학생의 인지욕구에 따른 학습참여 차이 및 자기주도 학습과정을 매개로 한 인지적 역량에 대한 인지욕구의 영향

장나영 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.17

목적 본 연구는 첫째, 인지욕구가 높은 집단과 낮은 집단의 대학생들이 서로 다른 학습참여 정도를 보이는지 탐색하고, 둘째, 인지욕구가 인지적 역량발달에 미치는 영향 및 두 변인의 관계에 대한 자기주도 학습과정의 매개효과를 검증한다. 방법 한국교육종단연구 2005 9차년도(2014년) 자료 중 4년제 대학 재학 중인 1,110명의 자료를 사용하여 독립표본 t-검정과Baron & Kenny(1986)의 매개효과 검증 방법 제안에 따른 세 단계의 선형 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 첫째, 인지욕구가 높은 학생들이 자기주도 학습과정, 수업참여, 독서, 강의수강, 공부에 더 적극적으로 참여하고 있었다. 둘째, 통제변수를 투입한 후에도 인지욕구는 자기주도 학습과정과 인지적 역량에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 자기주도 학습과정은 인지욕구와 인지적 역량 사이를 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 본 연구는 고등교육 연구에서 제한적으로 연구된 인지욕구를 변수로 사용하여 인지욕구로 인한 학습참여의 차이와 자기주도학습과정을 매개로 한 인지욕구와 인지적 역량과의 관계를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 이 결과는 대학생의 학습참여와 인지적 역량 발달에 중요한 개인 특성 변수를 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있다. Objectives The purpose of this study was first to explore whether high/low need for cognition groups differ in the level of learning engagement, and second to examine the effect of the need for cognition on cognitive competency development through the self-directed learning process. Methods Using the data of 1,110 students in four-year colleges from the 9th-year (2014) Korean Education Longitudinal Study 2005, independent sample t-tests and three-step linear regression analysis suggested by Baron and Kenny (1986) were conducted. Results First, t-tests found that students with a high need for cognition showed higher mean scores for the self-directed learning process, classroom engagement, reading books, taking classes, and studying than those with low need for cognition. Second, after controlling for a variety of control variables, the higher need for cognition predicted a higher self-directed learning process and higher cognitive competency development. In addition, the self-directed learning process was found to have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between the need for cognition and cognitive competency. Conclusions This study found the significant role that the need for cognition, which has received limited attention in higher education research, plays in learning engagement and in cognitive competency development through self-directed learning process. The results added empirical evidence to the individual-level predictors that are important for college student learning and cognitive competency development among college students.