Changes of Sugar Composition and Related Enzyme Activities during Fruit Development of Asian Pear Cultivars ‘Niitaka’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’

Jin-Ho Choi,Jang-Jeon Choi,Chang-Seok Bang,Jung-Sup Lee,Dong-Woog Choi,Hye-Sun Cho,Jun Cheul Ahn 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.6

We report on the seasonal changes of soluble sugar accumulation and several enzyme activities related to sugar metabolism, in two Asian pear cultivars (Pyrus pyrifolia) cultivars ‘Niitaka’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’. Soluble sugar content increased as the fruit developed and its total contents in matured fruits were 104.6 and 95.1 ㎎ㆍg?¹ fresh weight for ‘Niitaka’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’, respectively. However, the fructose-glucose-sucrose-sorbitol ratio was not significantly changed. Sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was maintained at high level in leaves and low in fruits throughout the fruit development, although the enzyme activity highly fluctuated in young and mature fruits. NAD-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase activity increased sigmoidally in both leaves and fruits during fruit development, and correlated with accumulation of total sugar in fruits. Sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities remained low in leaves, but higher with two peak fluctuations in fruits. The change of soluble sugar contents positively correlated with SPS activity, based on the seasonal fluctuation of SPS activity and soluble sugar accumulation.

Clostridium difficile-Associated Disease (CDAD)의 최근 임상양상의 변화

변태준 ( Tae Jun Byun ),한동수 ( Dong Soo Han ),안상봉 ( Sang Bong Ahn ),조현석 ( Hyun Seok Cho ),김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),은창수 ( Chang Soo Eun ),전용철 ( Yong Cheol Jeon ),손주현 ( Joo Hyun Sohn ),강정옥 ( Jung Oak Kang ) 대한소화기학회 2009 대한소화기학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Background/Aims: The spectrum of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) ranges from mild diarrhea to life-threatening colitis. Recent studies reported an increase in incidence and severity of CDAD and the presence of severe community-acquired CDAD (CA-CDAD). The aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of CA-CDAD and non-antibiotics-associated CDAD, and to compare the clinical characteristics between hospital-acquired (HA) and CA-CDAD. Methods: The medical records of 86 patients who were diagnosed as CDAD in Hanyang University Guri Hospital between January 2005 and October 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Of the 86 patients (mean age 64 years), 53 patients were women. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were cephalosporins (67.4%), followed by aminoglycosides (38.4%) and quinolones (14%). Of the 86 patients, the average duration of treatment and recovery time of symptoms were 11.5 days and 4.6 days, respectively. Seven percent of patients experienced relapse treatment. The overall incidence rate of CA-CDAD and non-antibiotics-associated CDAD were 10.5% and 22.1%, respectively. CA-CDAD group had lower rate of antimicrobial exposure whilst showing higher rate of complications compared to HA-CDAD group. Three patients in the CA-CDAD progressed towards a severe complicated clinical course, including septic shock. Conclusions: The incidence rate of CA-CDAD and non-antibiotics-associated CDAD were 10.5% and 22.1%, respectively. CA-CDAD tends to have a higher complication rate compared to HA-CDAD. Community clinicians needs to maintain a high level of suspicion for CDAD, whilst coping with the ever evolving epidemiologic change. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2009;54:13-19)

Expression of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) in the cerebrospinal fluid of adult onset moyamoya disease and its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change

Jeon, Jin Sue,Ahn, Jun Hyong,Moon, Youn-joo,Cho, Won-Sang,Son, Young-Je,Kim, Seung-Ki,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Bang, Jae Seung,Kang, Hyun-Seung,Kim, Jeong Eun,Oh, Chang Wan BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2014 Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry Vol.85 No.7

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The elevation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) has been suggested as a candidate in the pathogenesis of paediatric moyamoya disease (MMD). However, few studies have addressed CRABP-I in adult onset MMD. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of CRABP-I in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult onset MMD, and to evaluate its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>This study examined the CSF from 103 patients: bilateral MMD, n=58 (56.3%); unilateral MMD, n=19 (18.4%); atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease (ACVD), n=21 (20.4%); and control group, n=5 (4.9%). The intensity of CRABP-I was confirmed by western blotting and expressed as the median (25th–75th percentile). The differences in CRABP-I expression according to disease entity (unilateral MMD vs bilateral MMD vs ACVD), initial presenting symptoms (haemorrhage vs ischaemia) and postoperative haemodynamic change (vascular reserve in single photon emission CT and basal collateral vessels in digital subtraction angiography) were analysed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>CRABP-I intensities in bilateral MMD (1.45(0.86–2.52)) were significantly higher than in unilateral MMD (0.91(0.78–1.20)) (p=0.044) or ACVD (0.85(0.66–1.11)) (p=0.004). No significant differences were noted based on the initial presenting symptoms (p=0.687). CRABP-I was not associated with improvement in vascular reserve (p=0.327), but with decrease in basal collateral vessels (p=0.023) postoperatively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Higher CRABP-I in the CSF can be associated with typical bilateral MMD pathogenesis in adults. Additionally, postoperative basal collateral change may be related to the degree of CRABP-I expression.</P>

沙上地域 産業體 勞動者의 職場體育 參與擴大 方案

安永弼,鄭琮勳,鄭三鉉,金海禮,趙在基,朴俊東,金垠利,張禎允,金福善,孔庚鎬 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1989 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.-

뇌성마비아의 모발내 중금속 함량 분석

안경희,김희상,유창현,윤동환,홍장혁,유승돈,이준원 경희대학교 2001 慶熙醫學 Vol.17 No.1

同位元素를 利用한 濟州地域 水資源에 관한 硏究(Ⅳ)

안종성,정창조,송성준,유장걸 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 1989 연구보고 Vol.4 No.-

본 연구는 濟州道中 湧泉水資源이 풍부한 濟州市 近郊(삼양, 외도) 및 涯月, 翰林地域의 地下水資源에 관한 理化學的 特性을 分析함으로써 海水에 의한 地下水와 湧泉水의 汚染을 조사하고 또한 장래에 발생할지도 모르는 地下水의 荒發化를 사전에 예방하기 위한 기초자료를 제공키 위해 海水 4점, 湧泉水 4점, 地下水 10점을 대상으로 시기별 채수하여 溫度, pH, 양이온, 음이온, 電氣傳導度 그리고 環境同位元素 Tritium, Deuterium과 Oxygen-18를 정량하였다. 제주시 근교(삼양, 외도) 및 애월, 한림지역의 대부분의 地下水와 湧泉水의 음, 양이온 함량과 전기전도도 값은 비교적 낮은 편으로 제주시 또는 서귀포시 지역의 값과 유사한 경향을 보였다. 한편 조사지역내의 地下水와 湧泉水의 環境同位元素(H-3, H-2, O-18) 存在比는 계절에 따라 차이를 보였으며, 하절기에 가장 낮은 함량을 나타낸 것은 7∼8월에 집중하여 제주지역에 내리는 降水에 의해 稀釋된다고 생각되며, 이러한 현상으로 미루어 보아 이 지역의 帶水層은 비교적 엷으며 또한 Mixing process가 극히 빠르다는 것을 시사한다. 또한 一般化學分析方法으로 계산된 C1/HCO₃비를 보면 조사 지역내의 대부분의 地下水와 湧泉水들은 海水에 의한 오염이 거의 일어나지 않았다고 판단되나, 애월 湧泉水의 경우 C1/HCO₃비가 비교적 높고(2.05-6.86), 특히 환경동위원소 O-18의 존재비가 海水에 의한 영향을 받는다고 생각되는 제주동부지역의 地下水와 비슷한 경항을 갖는 것으로 보아 음, 양이온 함량이나 전지전도값이 높은 이유는 海水에 의한 오염으로 판단된다. In order to provide effective countermeasure for the groundwater protection from sea water contamination, isotope-aided technique and chemical analysis were applied for the measurement of concerned parameters in the areas of Aewol and Halrim and outskirts of Cheju city to ascertain whether existing boreholes and spring are affected by sea water intrusion. Water samples were collected seasonally from the sea, the spring and the boreholes for measuring temperature, pH, mineral contents, electrical conductivity and environmental isotopes(H-2, H-3, O-18). The mineral contents and electrical conductivity of groundwater as well as spring water in the areas of Aewol and Halrim and outskirts of Cheju city were similar to those of Cheju city and Sogwipo city areas. Seasonal changes in the contents of environmental isotopes(H-2, H-3, O-18) in the water samples were observed. Considering that the amount of environmental isotopes in the groundwater was diluted by rainfall in summer to a great extent, the aquifer seemed to be small and the mixing process might occur rapidly. In most of groundwaters and spring waters, the ratio of C1 to HCO₂ was shown to be less than 1.0. However, that at the spring water(A4) of Aewol was rather hight, and the level of O-18 was close to that of spring and groundwater contaminated by sea water in the eastern Cheju area.

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

한국인 음주자들의 혈청 Gamma Glutamyl Transferase 활성도에 관한 연구

金輝俊,安智榮,金昌世 순천향대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.15 No.2

The enzyme r-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of r-glutamyl peptides such as glutathione and the transfer of their r-glutamyl moieties to amino acids and peptides. Since GGT was discovered in 1950 by Hanes et al., it has been established as useful supportive liver function test in various hepatobiliary diseases. Since Zein et al. found in 1970 that serum GGt activities were markedly increased in chronic alcoholism, even though both transaminase and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) being normal, a number of studies have shown a elvations of GGT in alcoholism and good correlation between GGT and amount of alcohol intake. Recently, it has been suggested that serum GGT activity may have a value as a sereening test for alcoholism. This study was conducted on 459 male adults who were examined periodically for physical checkup at Chunan hospital of Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine in October, 1991, with structural questionaire about their drinking habits. Among 459 male adults serum GGT was determined in 236 healthy men consisted of 40 teetotalers and 196 drinkers assessed by history taking, physical examination, and liver function test. This study was attempted with following objectives : 1) to investigate a correlation between serum GGT activity and amount of alcohol intake(grams of pure ethanol per week) and between serum GGT activity and duration of alcohol intake by years, and 2) to investigate whether increased serum GGT activity reflects amount of alcohol intake and duration. The result obtained are as follows; 1) The means of serum GOT in 40 teetotalers and 196 healthy drinkers were 24.8±6.0 U/L and 25.1±5.3 U/L, respectively. The means of two groups showed no statistically significant difference at p >0.05. 2) The means of serum GPT in 40 teetotalers and 196 healthy drinkers were 23.7±8.2 U/L and 22.5±7.3 U/L, respectively. The means of two groups showed no statistically significant difference at p>0.05. 3) The means of serum GGT in 40 teetotalers and 196 healthy drinkers were 24.3±7.3 U/L and 38.9±20.3 U/L, respectively. The mean of serum GGT in healthy drinkers is higher than the mean of serum GGT in teetotalers. The means of two groups showed statistically significant difference at p<0.05. 4) In 196 healthy drinkers the increase of serum GGT activity was paralleled with increasing alcohol intake. Means of serum GGT activities of 5 groups classified by amount of alcohol intake showed statistically significant difference at p<0.05. But serum GGT activity was increased only in long-standing frinkers over 20 years according to duration of alcohol intake. 5) The probability of being a heavy drinker was increased with increasing serum GGT activity and presumably increased to 60% at 80U/L or more of serum GGT activity. 6) Serum GGT activity showed statistically significant correlation with amount of alcohol intake(r=0.3237) and weak correlation with duration of alcohol intake(r=1.1971).

기능성 생식, 다이어트식 및 장개선제가 비만개선에 미치는 영향

전태일,전은자,김창성,이주용,안홍석,임병우,최영숙,박웅채,박동기 建國大學校附設農業資源開發硏究所 2001 農資源開發論集 Vol.23 No.-

Obesity is defined as an excess of body fat and is closely related to diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. Dietary cure has been paid attention as a method for preventing from or curing obesity. The effect of some food products developed in this laboratory, such as, functional saengsik (Health & Joy saengsik), diet food (Health & Joy diet meal) and intestine function activator (Cell-pa, commercial name) on curing and protecting from obesity were investigated. Diet program was applied to 31 adults (Males 22, Females 9) with above 120% body mass index (BMI). After diet program was applied, body weight, body fat and fat weight decreased by 1, 4.8 and 4.5% (p<0.01), HDL-cholesterol increased by 3.6% and LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index decreased by 6.6 and 7.7% (p<0.05). Consequently, the food products developed in this laboratory effectively reduced the obesity.

한국 주요정신장애의 유병률 및 관련요인 : 2006 전국정신질환역학조사

조맹제,장성만,함봉진,정인원,배안,이영문,안준호,원승희,손정우,홍진표,배재남,이동우,조성진,박종익,이준영,김진영,전홍진,이해우 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.3

Objectives The aims of this study are to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in the Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI), and to compare those with previous studies. Methods The Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area study Replication (KECA-R) was Conducted between August 2006 and April 2007. The sampling of the subjects was carried out across 12 catchment areas. A multistage, cluster sampling design was adopted. The target Population included all eligible residents aged 181o 64 years. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) based on the DSM-IV (N=6,510, response rate=81.7%). Results A total of 6,510 participants completed the interview. The lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates for all types of DSM-IV disorders were 30.0% and 17.3%, respectively. Those of Specific disorders were as follows : 1) alcohol use disorder, 16.2% and 5.6% ; 2) nicotine use disorder, 9.0% and 6.0% ; 3) specific phobia, 3.8% and 3.4% ; 4) major depressive disorder, 5.6% and 2.5% ; and 5) generalized anxiety disorder, 1.6% and 0.8%. Data relating to nicotine and alcohol use disorder revealed a very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among females than males. Conclusion The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in the distribution of psychiatric disorders across the country and times were observed.