장비에 따른 SUV의 차이와 이에 관한 고찰

김태엽,임정진,이홍재,김현주,김중현,이재성,Kim, Tae-Yeob,Lim, Jung-Jin,Lee, Hong-Jae,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Kim, Joong-Hyun,Lee, Jae-Sung 대한핵의학기술학회 2011 핵의학 기술 Vol.15 No.1

표준섭취계수(Standard Uptake Value, SUV)는 PET 검사에 있어서 매우 중요한 지표이다. 그러나 이는 장비에 따라서 다르게 나타난다. 그러므로 실제의 SUV와 장비에 따른 SUV의 차이를 알아보고자 한다. 실험을 위해 사용된 PET scanner는 본원과 보라매 병원에서 사용하고 있는 Biograph True Point True V 40 (Siemens, USA), Gemini Dual (Philips, USA), Gemini TF 64 (Philips, USA) 총 3대로 이루어져 있다. SUV를 평가하기 위한 phantom은 NEMA PET phantom (Data Spectrum co., USA)이고 내부에 3개의 hot insert를 포함하고 있으며 총 중량은 6.8kg으로 phantom과 물의 중량을 합친 무게이다. 방사성동위원소는 $^{18}F$-FDG 25.9 MBq (0.7 mCi)와 29.6 MBq (0.8 mCi)을 사용하였고 스캔은 두 번으로 나누어 이루어졌다. 25.9 MBq (0.7 mCi)은 background에 3.7 MBq (0.1 mCi), insert 1에 3.7 MBq (0.1 mCi), insert 2에 7.4 MBq (0.2 mCi), insert 3에 11.1 MBq (0.3 mCi)이 주입되었고 29.6 MBq (0.8 mCi)은 background에 1.85 MBq (0.05 mCi), insert 1에 7.4 MBq (0.2 mCi), insert 2에 9.25 MBq (0.25 mCi), insert 3에 11.1 MBq (0.3 mCi)이 주입되었다. Uptake time은 20분이고 2 bed scan을 하였으며 bed 당 3분의 영상획득이 이루어졌다. 두 번의 실험 모두 실제의 SUV와 유사하게 나타났다. 방사능량이 소량일 경우에는 그 차이가 미미했으나 방사능량이 증가할수록 그 차이는 점점 벌어졌다. 하지만 그 차이 또한 크지는 않았다. 장비 별 차이를 백분율로 환산하면 Biograph의 경우 87.2%, Gemini Dual은 91.2%, Gemini TF 64는 85.9%로 나타났으며 이는 실제의 값에 유의하다. 장비 별로 분류해보면 Biograph와 Gemini Dual은 비슷한 결과를 보여주었고 다만 Gemini TF 64에서만 두 장비보다 낮게 나타났다. 실험 결과 장비 별로 SUV의 차이는 있으나 그 차이가 실제의 값에 유의하였다. SUV가 차이가 나는 이유는 장비 별 재원의 차이와 재구성 방법, 제조사 별 SUV 함수식에서 기원이 되는 것으로 파악되며 소량의 방사능량에서는 차이가 없으나 방사능량이 증가할수록 차이가 커지는 것으로 보아 이 점에서의 추후 고찰은 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: The SUV is a widely used semi-quantitative index in PET for the estimation of radio-tracer accumulation in VOI. In this study, SUVs from three different PET/CT scanners were assessed, and differences between SUVs were evaluated. Materials and Methods: The PET/CT scanners which were assessed in this study were GEMINI, GEMINI TF 64 (Philips) and Biograph True Point True V 40 (Siemens). The NEMA PET phantom (Data Spectrum Corp., USA) was used to evaluate SUVs. The NEMA PET phantom has6.8 kg weight and three hot inserts. Two different activity distributions for the background and inserts were tested. The activity ratio were 3.7:3.7:7.4:11.1 MBq (1:1:2:3) and 1.85:7.4:9.25:11.1MBq (1:4:5:6) for each of background, insert 1, insert 2 and insert 3. Acquisition time was 2 minutes per bed position and NEMA PET phantom could be covered by two bed positions for all PET/CT scanners. The SUVs from each PET/CT scanner were compared with calculated true value. Results: For both activity ratios, all scanners showed similar results. The differences between each scanner were insignificant. Each scanner showed 91.2%, 85.9% and 87.2% of true SUV for GEMINI, GEMINI TF 64, Biograph True Point TrueV, respectively. Conclusion: For all scanners, SUVs were slightly lower than true value. However, the difference between scanners was insignificant. The SUVs from these scanners would be clinically meaningful if their consistent underestimation is kept in mind.

TiCode - 12 의 양극산화에 대한 연구

김태엽,윤승열 ( Tae Yeob Kim,S . R . Yoon ) 한국부식방식학회 1985 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.14 No.3

초기 간세포암종을 동반한 간경변증 환자에서 생존 예측에 있어서의 간정맥압력차와 연관인자

김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),김문영 ( Moon Young Kim ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),석기태 ( Ki Tae Suk ),정승원 ( Soung Won Jeong ),김동준 ( Dong Joon Kim ),손주현 ( Joo Hyun Sohn ),백순구 ( Soon Koo Baik ) 대한간암학회 2014 대한간암학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background/Aims: To analyze the usefulness of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in survival prediction in cirrhotic patients with early and very early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We consecutively collected data of 45 stable cirrhotic patients (male 41, median age 57.2 years, BCLC A 29) with early-stage HCC undergoing HVPG measurement. Prognostic accuracy of HVPG was analyzed by the area under curve (AUC). Survival curves and the associated factors of HVPG status were obtained using Kaplan-Meier method and logistic regression analysis, respectively. Results: The AUC value for prediction of survival by HVPG were 0.754 (95% CI, 0.603-0.870, P=0.006). The cut-off value of HVPG to predict death was 12 mmHg. Among the 45 patients, 11 patients (24.4%) died: 11 of 28 patients in the high HVPG group and none of 17 patients in the low HVPG group during followup period (P=0.003). The survival rate with high HVPG group was higher than those of low HVPG group (log rank P=0.008). In Child-Turcott-Pugh (CTP) class, the survival rate with CTP A class was higher than that with CTP B class (log rank P<0.001). The only associated factor with HVPG ≥12 mmHg in CTP A class and early-stage HCC was the presence of medium or large sized esophageal varices (odds ratio 66.8, 95% CI, 1.3-3530.4, P=0.038). Conclusions: HVPG ≥12 mmHg may be suggested a predictor of survival in cirrhotic patients with early-stage HCC. In CTP A class, the presence of medium or large sized esophageal varices were associated with high HVPG.

만성 B형 간염 및 항바이러스제 내성 B형 간염의 모니터링과 치료 전략

김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),손주현 ( Joo Hyun Sohn ) 대한소화기학회 2007 대한소화기학회지 Vol.49 No.6

Clinical management of chronic hepatitis B is rapidly evolving after the recent development of new antiviral drugs. These agents have been shown to be effective in improving virological, biochemical, and histological features in high proportion of the patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, these drugs can not eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) directly. It can only suppress HBV replication. Furthermore, the emergence of drug resistant HBV has become problematic according to the long-term use of oral antiviral drugs. Therefore, physicians should be careful in selecting whom to treat, when to start treatment, how long to treat, how to monitor patients before, during and after the treatment, which drug to choose, and how to manage patients with drug resistance. This review will focus on the monitoring and treatment strategy for chronic hepatitis B and drug resistant hepatitis B, quoting some clinical data of recently introduced or promising future drugs. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2007;49:346-355)

반도체 라인의 효율적 계측을 위한 자동 계측 샘플링 방식에 관한 연구

김태엽(Tae Yeob Kim),선동석(Dong Seok Sun),이지형(Jee?Hyung Lee) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 Vol.58 No.12

Semiconductor processes need measurement to confirm where there are problems in quality after progresses manufacturing process. This paper suggests equipment and automatic measure sampling method that control monitoring ratio according to change point occurrence availability of process that is not measure method by the existent simple ratio rate. This paper defines measure section as ailment section, metastable section and stability section by change point standard and create statistical model of each section and developed suitable measure rate model by section. As a result, we have accomplished maximum throughput and minimum sampling number that needs to maintain constant level of quality. Proposed method minimizes load of measure process by brings production quality sophistication and decrease of process badness and lowers measure rate in stable section making perception about problem occurrence quick heightening measure rate at change point occurrence.

중년여성의 가시위근 봉합술전 어깨뼈 안정화운동이 통증과 ROM향상에 미치는 영향

김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),유병국 ( Byung Kook Yoo ) 대한통합의학회 2014 대한통합의학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of scapular stabilization exercise before rotator cuff surgery on pain and range of motion of middle-aged women. Method : 20 subjects who agreed on this experiment and were diagnosed with rotator cuff rupture participated in this study. Experimental groups were treated while 40 minutes a day, 5 times per week, for 2 weeks before surgery. The effects of scapular stabilization exercise were evaluated on VAS and range of motion. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS for windows ver. 20.0 program. One-way repeated ANOVA was used to examine a significance of each variable by time. Two-way repeated ANOVA was applied to examine a significance of the experimental group against the control group. In all statistical tests, the significance level was set by =.05. Result : The results of this study are as follows: 1) In both control and experimental groups, VASs were decreased significantly according to intervention period. There was no significant difference between VASs of two groups. 2) In both control and experimental groups, ROMs of shoulder, flexion, abduction and external rotation were increased significantly according to intervention period. In these three flexibility measurement variables, there were significant differences between ROMs of two groups. Conclusion : In view of all the results in this study, scapular stabilization exercise on before rotator cuff surgery proved to be effective in improving their pain, range of motion after surgery. It will be sufficient data to perform with their own exercise program.

Management of HCC Patients with Locoregional Therapy (RFA & PEIT)

Tae Yeob Kim(김태엽) 한국간담췌외과학회 2014 한국간담췌외과학회 학술대회지 Vol.2014 No.4

There are many difficulties to establish treatment strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma due to progression of chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. Although surgery and liver transplantation are known as the curative therapy of HCC, its applications to most of the patients are limited because of poor residual liver functions, difficult location, donor insufficiency, or other reasons. In these patients, locoregional therapies are approved by several international guidelines as a non-surgical tool, especially for treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma. The role of locoregional therapy is growing with progress in techniques and merging other treatment together. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy and radiofrequency ablation, well known standard locoregional therapy for HCC, will be reviewed in this article.

비알코올성 지방간질환의 발병기전에 대한 최신지견

김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),손누현 ( Joo Hyun Sohn ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.79 No.5

Recently, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in Korean population. NAFLD includes a spectrum of hepatic pathology from simple steatosis in its most benign form, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and/or cirrhosis. NAFLD has a strong association with type 2 diabetes and obesity, and thus it is now recognized to represent the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of simple steatosis occurrence and its progression to NASH is not entirely elucidated and multi-factorial. Liver fat accumulation is mainly induced by insulin resistance and increased free fatty acids, and then NASH is developed by oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut-derived endotoxin, and cytokine/adipokine interplay. Genetic factors and environmental factors such as exercise and high fat and high fructose diet also participate in the development of NAFLD. This review is focused to summarize the up-to-date understanding of NAFLD pathogenesis. (Korean J Med 79:461-474, 2010)

서울과 경기지역 두 병원의 최근 A형간염 항체 양성률에 대한 비교 조사

김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),손주현 ( Joo Hyun Sohn ),안상봉 ( Sang Bong Ahn ),손병관 ( Byoung Kwan Son ),이항락 ( Hang Lak Lee ),은창수 ( Chang Soo Eun ),전용철 ( Yong Cheol Jeon ),한동수 ( Dong Soo Han ) 대한간학회 2007 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.13 No.3

류마티스 질환에서의 이차성 아밀로이드증

김태종 ( Tae Jong Kim ),오승일 ( Seung Il Oh ),박준성 ( Joon Sung Park ),김태엽 ( Tae Yeob Kim ),박재홍 ( Jae Hong Park ),엄완식 ( Wan Sik Uhm ),이혜순 ( Hye Soon Lee ),전재범 ( Jae Bum Jun ),정성수 ( Sung Soo Jung ),배상철 ( Sang 대한류마티스학회 2003 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Objective: To study the clinical features and outcomes in 10 cases of secondary amyloidosis with rheumatic disease. Methods: The secondary amyloidosis associated with rheumatic disease was studied clinically in 10 patients (4 men and 6 women), who have suspicious tissue dysfunction. The diagnosis of amyloidosis was established by histological examination of biopsy materials. We evaluated them by medical record review; clinical features at onset, organ involvement, cause of death. Results: The mean age and mean duration of rheumatic disease were 52.9±17.27 years and 10.9±10.33 years respectively. The common initial clinical features were generalized edema, diarrhea and abdominal pain. The mainly involved organs were kidney and colon. Causes of death were DIC due to sepsis and renal failure. Conclusion: Renal and gastrointestinal symptoms are cardinal features of secondary amyloidosis with rheumatic disease in Korea.