Zn - 65 를 이용한 아연비료(亞鉛肥料)의 유효도에 관한 연구

유장걸 한국농화학회 1977 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.20 No.2

Using tracer technique of Zn-65, a pot experiment has been carried out in order to evaluate the efficiency of zinc fertilization on two paddy soils; an acidic from Kimpo and an alkaline from Yeongweol. The sources of zinc were zinc sulfate, zinc carbonate, zinc chloride and zinc oxide. Two rates of zinc were applied to the soils and control treatment was also included for this study. The methods of zinc application were uniform mixing throughout the soil, applying to the soil surface and irrigation water, and root dipping with zinc oxide at transplanting. In general, Yeongweol soil had higher efficiency of zinc fertilizers than Kimpo soil. The results showed that zinc fertilizer application should be required to improve the rice growing conditions in Yeongweol soil especially at early stage of growth after transplanting. As to the application method of zinc fertilizers, mixing treatment appeared to be most superior to any other methods in both sois. In addition, it is found that root dipping in the zinc oxide suspension would be a rather effective method of zinc application. In aspect of fertilizer efficiency there was no superiority or inferiority among the zinc sources used in this experiment.

식물영양 : 형광분석법에 의한 작물의 광합성 Stress 측정

유장걸,송성준 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 1993 한국응용생명화학회 학술발표회 Vol.1993 No.-

제라니움 세포벽을 통한 유전물질의 전이

유장걸,소인섭,홍경애 한국식물생명공학회 1994 식물생명공학회지 Vol.21 No.1

제라니움(Pelargonium zonale hybrids, 'Pinto Scarlet') 엽조직으로부터 캘러스를 유기시킨 뒤에 이를 단세포로 만들고 여기에 세포막의 물리화학적 성질을 변화시킬 수 있는 요인들 즉 낮은 pH,고농도의 $K^{+}$ 그리고 Gh$_3$와 2,4-D를 처리한 다음 원심력을 가하여 DNA가 세포 밖으로 나을 수 있는지의 가능성을 검토했다. 음하전을 갖고 있는 DNA를 세포벽을 손상시키지 않으면서 분리해 내기 위해 사용되는 SDS의 최적농도는 300mg/L였다. pH 4.0에서 0.5 % KNO$_3$를 처리했을 경우 1,800 x g의 원심력만 가해줘도 DNA가 검출되었으나 아무런 처리도 안했을 경우는 7,300 x g가 필요했다. 또 pH 5.8 보다는 PH 4.0일때 그리고 KNO$_3$ 농도에 따라 더 많은 DNA가 이동된 것이 검출되었으며 GA$_3$는 1.5mg/L 2,4-D는 2.0 mg/L를 한시간 처리했을 때가 그 이상 또는 그 이하인 경우 보다 더 효과적이었다. 이상의 사실을 종합해 보면 원심력에 의해서 DNA를 세포벽 밖으로 유출시킬 수 있으며 수소이온과 K+ 그리고 GA$_3$나 2,4-D처리가 DNA 이동을 부가적으로 촉진시킨다고 말할 수 있다. The possibility that DNA could move out of the single cells isolated from geranium (Pelargonium zonale hybrids, 'PintoScarlet') callus was determined by the elechophoretic DNA analysis after treatment of low pH, various concentrations of KNO$_3$, 2,4-D, and GA$_3$ followed by the centrifugal force, all of which are hewn to and the physico-chemical properties of the cell wall. The centrifugal force of l,800 xg was need for DNA migration after the above treatment, but 7k300 xg was required without the treatments. In this experiment the optimum concentration (300 mg/L) of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) used as an anion detergent to collect the negatively charged DNA was very critical not to damage the cell wall It can be concluded that the centrifugal force played a key role for the DNA migration through the cell wall, and the treatments of low pH (4.0), 0.5% KNO$_3$, 1.5 mg/L GA$_3$and 1mg/L 2,4-D further increased the DNA migration.

식물 Protoplast 의 전기자극 융합에 관여하는 인자

유장걸,한성규,강순선,류기중,오성국 한국농화학회 1990 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.33 No.1

The optimum conditions of electric stimulation for electrofusion of protoplasts of petunia, carrot and soybean, and the effects of calcium, magnesium, protease, trypsin, triton X-100, concanavalin A, dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO), glycerol monooleate and spermine on fusion frequency and/or viability of petunia protoplast were investigated. The optimum frequencies(Hz)-amplitudes(V/㎝) of AC pulse for protoplast pearl-chain formation were 10 kHz-20 V/㎝ and 1 MHz-60 V/㎝ for petunia, 100 kHz-40 V/㎝ and 1. MHz-40∼60 V/㎝ for carrot, and 1 MHz-40∼80 V/㎝ for soybean, respectively. The optimum condition of DC pulse treatment at the 1 MHz-60 V/㎝-15 sec treatment of AC for electrofusion of petunia protoplasts was 2.5 kV/㎝-40 sec, and under this condition the fusion frequency and viability of protoplasts were 45 % and 10 %, respectively, Both of the protoplasts of carrot and soybean were not fused under the AC and DC conditions. tested in this experiment. The electrofusion of petunia protoplasts was stimulated by calcium, and the fusion frequency and the viability of the protoplasts were 43 % and 11 %, respectively at the calcium concentration of 140 mM. Although fusion frequency was not affected by magnesium only, magnesium stimulated fusion frequency in the presence of calcium, and the viability and fusion frequency of petunia protoplasts were 45 % and 13 %, respectively, at 140 mM of magnesium-140 mM of calcium. The relative fusion frequencies of petunia protoplasts to the controls were increased by 2.4, 2.1, 1.6, 1.4, 1.8, 1.5 and 2.2 folds, respectively, by the treatments of protease, trypsin, triton X-100, concanavalin A, DMSO, glycerol monooleate, and spermine. The viabilities of petunia protoplasts were decreased by these substances.

액체 섬광 계수를 위한 식물체 시료 조제방법

유장걸,송성준 제주대학교 1984 논문집 Vol.17 No.-

Quenching is very important factor for liquid scintillation counting and depends on the sample prepara-tion method, especially when soft-beta emitters such as H-3, C-14 or S.35 are used as a tracer. Undability of natural background and quenching caused by the different sample preparation procedures were discussed. 1. The background level of plant samples appeared to increase by NCS treatment because of the chemical luminescent effect. Hlgher than 10000 cpm of background, especially in case of the fresh plant sample, was observed after 24 hours keeping the counting samples in the dark place. Although most of this high background disappeared after 5 days leaving, NCS treatment for the plant sample preparation in liquid scintillation counting proved not to be desirable. 2. The samples prepared by ashing or 95% alcohol extraction showed much low background counting. 3. A proper dilution should be done to reduce the degree of color quenching when plant leaves are extrac-ted by 95% alcohol or treated by NCS. 4. The plant samples from the water culture generally gave higher background counting than those from the soil culture, though the reason could not be understood at present.

14C 추적자법(追跡子法)에 의한 감귤의 당과 유기산에 관한 연구 : C1- 과 SO 의 엽면처리효(葉面處理效果)과 Effects of Foliar Application of C1- and So

유장걸,김형옥,강순선,유기중 한국농화학회 1983 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.26 No.3

The effects of spraying Cl^- and SO₄^(2-) solutions on sugar, organic acid and amino acid levels in citrus(C. unshiu Marc.) fruit juice were examined using the ^(14)C-tracer method. Each ^(14)C-labelled compound under investigation was measured during the three weeks after ^(14)CO₂ assimilation. The total carbon compound, which was measured as the specific activity(cpm/㎖) of ^(14)C, was transported more into the fruit juice within one week after ^(14)CO₂ assimilation with the SO₄^(2-) treatment than with the Cl-treatment, The ^(14)C-specific activity changes of the sugar fraction were very similar in both Cl- and SO₄^(2-) treatments although the organic acid fraction was reduced more by SO₄^(2-). The specific activity ratio of the sugar fraction to organic acid was increased rapidly when treated with Cl-. This indicates that SO₄^(2-) plays a role in raising the ratio of sugar to organic acid. It was found that the ^(14)C-specific activity in the amino acid fraction was higher when Cl- was applied.

제주도 감귤원의 시비 문제점과 대책

유장걸 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 1994 연구보고 Vol.8 No.-

형광분석법에 의한 시설재배작물의 광합성 Stress 측정

유장걸,송서준,한센 우테 ( Zang Kual U . Sung Jung Song,Ute Hansen ) 한국환경농학회 1994 한국환경농학회지 Vol.13 No.2

To assess the effects of plant stress by light, temperature, NaCl and soil moisture on photosynthetic activity, the fluorescence method was used for Chinese cabbage(Brassica perkinensis Rupr.), strawberry(Fragaria grandiflora Ehrh.) and citrus tree(Citrus unshiu Marc.). With decreasing the light intensity, Fv/Fm ratios of intact leaves of Chinese cabbage and strawberry increased significantly, indicating lower photochemical efficiency in PS II system, resulting in an inverse relationship with the photosynthetic activity. Chinese cabbage and strawberry that were grown at higher temperature had higher Fv/Fm ratios and photosynthetic activities, while those given high concentration of NaCl and having low soil moisture had lower values. Chinese cabbage more resistant to salt stress and requiring more water had a greater Fv/Fm ratio than strawberry. In citrus tree, Fv/Fm ratio was lower in the non-irrigated group than the irrigated one. From these results, the fluorescence method was found to be a useful tool which can be used to assess the degree of in vivo stress induced by various environmental factors.

엽록소 형광법에 의한 광합성 관여 인자들의 검토 : Flash type 형광분석기를 중심으로

유장걸,송성준 한국농화학회 1991 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.34 No.4

조류의 광합성능을 측정하기 위해 고안된 flash type 형광분석기를 식물의 광합성 상태 특정에 이용하고져 배추를 공시재료로 하여 시료제조 및 보관조건, 그리고 광합성 관여인자들과 엽록소 형광 사이의 관계를 조사했다. 직경 3.5cm의 disc 형태인 배추잎으로 최대 형광을 유도하기 위해 사용된 저해제 DCMU의 적정처리시간은 60분이었고, DCMU를 신속히 침투시키기 위해 사용된 vacuum infiltration 방법은 엽록소 형광을 신속히 유도시켰으나, 잎조직에 기계적인 손상을 주어 적당치 않았다. 형광측정시료의 보관은 습도를 유지한 암조건이 좋았으며, 보관조건(냉장, 야외의 암조건, 광조건)에 따라 엽록소함량은 변하지 않았으나, 엽록소형광량이 예민하게 변한 사실은 엽록소형광이 광합성기구의 손상에 의해서 그 양이 달라지고 있음을 암시하였다. 그리고, 낮은 광조건 또는 높은 온도에서 생육된 배추의 형광량이 높아졌는데 이는 잎조직이 연하게 되어 엽록소형광이 잎자체에 적게 흡수되었기 때문이었다. 잎 중에 엽록소 함량이 증가함에 따라 엽록소형광이 잎자체에 자기 흡수되어 형광량 측정치는 감소되었다. 따라서 flash type 형광분석기를 직접 식물의 광합성 측정에 이용하기는 곤란하고 입조직 특성(잎의 두께)과 엽록소 함량에 대한 영향을 줄일 수 있도록 기기 optics 장치가 개조되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

K - bioassay 를 이용한 감귤나무의 가리영양진단법 개발

유장걸,한해룡,문덕영,김창명,임한철,문두경,송성준 한국응용생명화학회 1994 한국응용생명화학회 학술발표회 Vol.1994 No.1