자기 효능의 개념 분석

서순림,이은남,박송자,양영희,이동숙,최은옥,구미옥,김인자,이인숙,김성재,박영임,이은옥 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1997 간호학 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Today human needs for health promotion and maintenance are increasing. The nursing progression has a great responsibility for helping clients to practice good health behavior. self efficacy was found to be potent predictor in initiating and maintaining the health-related behavior. Therefore, the concept is important in nursig intervention for change of health behavior. The purpose of this paper was to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept, self efficacy. This study used Walder & Avant's process of concept analysis. Critical attributes of self efficacy were : 1) positive perception of his won capability; 2) intrapersonal strength; 3) possibility of being learned; 4) individuality; 5) specificity; 6) generalizability. Antecedents of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) new situation occurs; 2) individuals have needs to change the new situation; 3) there are some required actions in new situation. Consequences occurring as a result of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) individual initiates the of failure; 5) cope with the situation; 6) controls the situation; 7) the level of self efficacy is enhanced; 8) the level of self-esteem is enhanced.

인천지방 119구급대 이용에 관한 연구

최공옥,이은자 京畿專門大學 1994 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.22

튀김 기름의 저장 기간에 따른 향신료 및 허브류 첨가에 의한 항산화 효과 `

최은미,윤혜경,윤기주,구성자 동아시아식생활학회 2000 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.10 No.4

The effect of heated oil on human nutrition has recently become of great interest to nutritionists and food chemists, However, the detrimental effect of heated oil has been hardly studied extensively and many problems have still remained unsolved. This study was carried out to investigate the storage stability of the heated oils at room temperature (25±5℃), with the variation in storage conditions (addition of spices and herbs) for 7 weeks period. The rancidity of the oils according to storage time and condition was measured and compared with TBA, ferric thiocyanate, and DPPH method. For fresh oil, when stored for 7 weeks at room temperature, there was no significant change in the degree of oxidation. But for the heated oil with frying materials, the degree of oxidation significantly increased at 5 weeks(p<0.05), When stored with spices and herbs, the degree of oxidation significantly decreased with storage period(p<0,05), Antioxidative activity of herbs, especially sage group was higher than that of any other group.

재가 노인의 사회복지서비스에 대한 수혜실태 및 요구도

고정자,최은주 동아대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The purpose of this study was to classify social welfare services being practiced at present for the old in the social welfare institute and the old welfare institute, to investigate the actual benefit state and level of needs, to understand difference of level of needs to social welfare services on variables, and to find influence of the Variables. and those findings were showed as the basic data to improve institution of overall welfare services for the aged. The subject were 700 the old at home of 60 years and up living in Pusan. 620 of 700 questionnaire were collected and finally 556 were used analysis data. The scale used to measure the benefit state and level of needs on the social welfare services in the aged at home was consisted of 21 questions. To investigate the actual benefit state on the social welfare service, respondents were asked singing the presence of actual benefit at each question, and find the level of needs on the social welfare service the likert scale consisted of 5 levels was used. The data was analyzed with SPSS/PC statistical program, the results were as follows. 1.The social welfare services being provided for the aged at home was analyzed with Factor analysis, As result, the service was classified 3 types of physical service, economic ㆍ sociopsychological service, and educational culture-recreational service. 2.As the finding about the actual benefit state and level of needs on the social welfare service in the aged at home, 5.8% of respondents had the experience in the actual benefit : educational ㆍ culture-recreational service 10.2%, physial service 5.8%, economic ㆍ sociopsychological service 2.2%. The aged's total level of needs on the social welfare service was found highly as 3.59 physical services 3.76, educational ㆍ culture-recreational service 3.62, economic ㆍ sociopsychological service 3.38. 3.To find the aged's level of needs to the social welfare service on variable was analyzed with t-test, oneway ANOVA, and Scheffe's post-hoc test. As result, total level of needs to the social welfare service was different significantly in the level of life and level of daily life functions. The level of life and level of daily life functions are lower, the level of needs was higher. But in types and sub-parts the difference on variables was large. 4.To find the influence of variable to the social welfare service was analyzed with Multiple Regression analysis. As result, the Experience in the actual benefit affected 3 types of the social welfare services, so the old had experience in the actual benefit felt the more necessary of social welfare services.

서울지역 주부들의 세시음식에 대한 인지도 조사

윤숙자,최은희 한국식생활문화학회 2005 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.20 No.2

This study was to investigate the perception of Korean traditional festival/holiday foods among the housewives in their 20's, 30's, 40's, and 50's residing in Seoul. Out of 350 questionnaires, 282 respondents were returned. The results were summarized as follows: The most familiar traditional holiday was Seollal on the New Year's Day(100%), and the most favored foods for respective traditional holidays are as follows: tteokguk, rice paste soup, (98.23%) for Seollal on the New Year's Day; ogokbap, cooked rice mixed with five cereals (98.23%) for Daeboreum on the New Moon's Day of January 15; neuttitteok, zelkova ricecake, (20.64%) for Chopail on Buddha's Birthday; charyunbyeong cake (20.21%) for Dano on May 5; gyesamttang, chicken broth with ginseng, (89.72%) for Sambok, the hottest period of summer; songpyeon, pine cake, (9645%) for Chuseok on August Moon Festival; patjuk, redbean stew, (98.94%) for Dongji on the winter solstice; and mandu, bun, (16.37%) for Seotdalgeumeum on the year-end day. Most of the respondents said that they ate traditional festival foods in compliance with the traditional manners and customs and that they made such traditional foods at home. They added that they wanted to learn more about various recipes of the traditional foods and pointed out that traditional holiday foods had to be modernized in some way.

Skin entrance dose for digital and film radiography in Korean dental schools

Cho, Eun-Sang,Choi, Kun-Ho,Kim, Min-Gyu,Lim, Hoi-Jeong,Yoon, Suk-Ja,,Kang, Byung-Cheol 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4

Purpose : This study was aimed to compare skin entrance dose of digital radiography with that of film radiography and to show the dose reduction achievement with digital systems at 11 dental schools in Korea. Materials and Methods : Forty six intraoral radiographic systems in 11 dental schools were included in this study. Digital sensors were used in 33 systems and film was used in 13 systems. Researchers and the volunteer visited 11 dental schools in Korea. Researchers asked the radiologic technician (s) at each school to set the exposure parameters and aiming the x-ray tube for the periapical view of the mandibular molar of the volunteer. The skin entrance doses were measured at the same exposure parameters and distance by the technician for each system with a dosimeter (Multi-O-Meter : Unfors instruments, Billdal, Sweden). Results : The median dose was 491.2 μGy for digital radiography and 1,205.0 μGy for film radiography. The skin entrance dose digital radiography was significantly lower than that of film radiography (p<0.05). Conclusion : Fifty-nine percent skin entrance dose reduction with digital periapical radiography was achieved over the film radiography in Korean dental schools.

성인이 지각한 운동 장애 요인에 대한 성별, 나이별, 지역별 비교

김인자,이은옥,최희정 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Perceive barriers to exercise were investigated for adults. Method: A total 1266 subjects were selected by a quota sampling method with age, gender, and residence. Perceived barriers were categorized under 4 groups: knowledge, psychological, physical, and external factors. All 23 items of perceived barriers were responded on a dichotomous(yes/no) scale. Result: Mean number of perceived barriers was 4.61 and 87.9% subjects perceived at least one barrier which prevented involvement in exercise. External barriers ranked highest. Followed in order by psychological, knowledge, and physical barriers. Most acts of perceived barriers were found to be different by age, gender, and residence, in that, the younger, female, living in Daejeon subjects were found to respond with more barriers than the older, male, living in Chungju or Seoul. Conclusion: Perceived barriers to exercise are different by age, gender, and residence. Therefore, it is recommended that age, gender, and residence of subjects must be considered in order to develop exercise programs and public campaigns.

農村託兒所의 效果分析

朴陽子,崔銀淑 서울大學校 農科大學 1977 서울대농학연구지 Vol.2 No.1

This research is carried out to ensure the significances of rural day care centers by analysis of the effect of the centers and to provide the suggestible data for more effective establishment of the day care services in rural area. Intentional sampling was made from the rural demonstration day care center which are running only for several busy months with some snacks, the full-time day care centers which are running all the year around with lunch, and the rural villages with-out any day care centers as controlled group. 337 preschool children in three groups and their mothers were interviewed and chi-square(χ²) analysis was done under the following 5 hypotheses. 1. The current rural day-care centers affect food habits, dining attitudes and the type of diet of the day-care children. 2. The day-care have an influence on physical and intellectual development and social maturity of the children. 3. the day-care centers present safety isle for the children and reduce the time of child care for their mothers. 4. The day-care centers have an educational influence on the mothers of the children. 5. The day-care affects the attitudes of the mothers toward the day care centers. The major results are as follows: 1. The day-care center children had higher frequency of eating with their family compared with the children of the controlled group, which indicates the favorable influence of the center on children's eating environment. The children of the demonstration day-care centers were fed more regularly at home with all food groups except potatoes and cereals groups than the children of the full-time day care center and the controlled group. 2. The day-care centers, regardless of the kind, had favorable influences on the preference for all food served and on the dining attitudes. 3. The test of significance for the difference amog three meal patterns shows that the balanced diet was served most frequently at the full-time day-care centers, followed by the demonstration day-care centers and the controlled group. The difference among the three groups in the nutritional balance of the diet was particularly significant for lunch. 4. weight/height ratio of children from the full-time and demonstration day-care center was slightly higher than that of children from the controlled group, although the difference between the two was statistically insignificant. 5. It appears that experience in day-care centers have a significant influence on the intellectual development (p<0.01) and social maturity(p<0.05) of the children. Day-care children marked higher IQ on average than controlled group and average IQ was highest in full-time day-care centers among three groups. Social maturity of demonstration day-care children was hither than any other groups. 6. The yearly frequencies of hurts and accidents of the children was highest in the controlled group and lowest in the demonstration day-care and the difference among three groups was stat-istically significant(p<0.01). 7. Day-care reduce the time of child care for mothers by 2-3 hours per day and the difference of time spending on the childcare appears significant among three groups(p<0.01). 8. Knowledge of children's mother about nutrition and child care was highest in the full-time day-care centers followed by the demonstration day-care centers and was lowest in the controlled group. The difference among three groups were statistically significant(p<0.01). 9. Mothers of children at the demonstration day-care centers showed higher concern over the expenses for the center lunch, and stronger desire for participation in the lunch preperation at the centers. 10. Mothers of day-care children more strongly recognize the needs for the day-care services in the rural area and the educational effects, particularly on intellectual development and the formation of good habits of the children.

제 16대 대통령선거와 TV뉴스 보도연구

김훈순,최자은 이화여자대학교 2004 사회과학연구논총 Vol.12 No.-

제 16대 대통령선거는 미디어 선거의 경향이 뚜렷했으며 특히 신문보다는 방송의 영향력이 증가했던 선거로 평가된다. 또한 어느 때보다 선거 쟁점이 중요한 변수로 부각되었다. 따라서 주요 선거 쟁점에 대한 텔레비전 방송뉴스의 보도방식은 정치 현실에 참여하는 각 후보는 물론 유권자에게도 중요하였다. 선거 기간에 등장한 주요 쟁점은 정치개혁 ∙ 한미관계 ∙ 대북관계 ∙ 행정수도 이전 등이었다. 텔레비전 뉴스에서 각 쟁점들은 개별 특성과 관계없이 보수 ∙ 개혁 프레임으로 규정되는 경향을 발견하였다. 쟁점에 대한 각 후보자의 입장은 정책에 대한 지지 ∙ 반대보다는 김대중 정부의 정책에 대한 동조 ∙ 비판의 대립구도로 나타났으며 이는 이회창 후보의 보수 성향, 노무현 후보의 개혁 성향과 연관지어 부각되었다. 선거 전 ∙ 후에 방송 3사의 보도는 각 쟁점에 대해 MBC ∙ KBS1이 유사한 입장을 취한 반면, SBS는 보도태도의 변화를 통해 기회주의적인 보도성향을 보였다. SBS는 선거 전에는 이회창 후보의 입장을 지지하여 보수적인 성향을 유지하였으나, 선거 이후에는 타방송사와 마찬가지로 노무현 당선자의 개혁성향을 지지하여 보도태도의 변화를 나타냈다. 그러나 방송 3사 모두 선거 후에는 공통적으로 노무현 당선자와 인수위의 입장을 긍정적으로 평가하여, 새로운 정치 주체에 대해 호의적으로 보도하는 정권교체 초기의 관행적인 보도성향을 보였다. 그러나 분석대상인 네 쟁점의 내용이 다양하고 신정부에 중요한 정책 과제임에도 불구하고, 텔레비전 뉴스에서 구체적인 논의와 해결방안은 제시되지 않고 각 후보자 및 당선자를 중심으로 한 대결 ∙ 갈등 프레임이 일관되게 유지되고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. Television news reflects and constructs political reality, and, furthermore, acts as a primary factor that affects viewer's political cognition. For example, in a president campaign, a voter recognizes the campaign issues and determines one's attitude through television news. Therefore, it is important to investigate how television news interpretate and manipulate campaign issues. It evaluates campaign news and shows the connection between political reality and broadcasting. Frame analysis is used to find out message-structures in campaign issues. The 16th president electron was called 'Media election' and it was shown increased influence of broadcasting rather than that of newspaper. Especially, in this campaign, confrontations among generations had been more focused rather than regional conflicts since the two Presidential candidate were pitted against each other practically. Principal campaign issues were 'Politics Reformation', 'Korea-America Relationship', 'North-Korea Relationship' and 'Administration - Capital Relocation' and these four principal issues of 16th president election were more emphasized in the confrontation of Mr. Roh, Moo-Hyun, and Mr. Lee, Hoi-Chang. At pre-election, the four issues in campaign were framed into two different types: conservation versus reformation. The standpoints of two leading candidates were evaluated as conservation-reformation and as connected support or de-support of the present government. During the campaign period, MBC and KBS-1 revealed the same position, however, SBS revealed another position. AT pre-election SBS preserved conservative position to support Lee's standpoint and de-support of the present government. After election, SBS turned it's a point of view and supported Roh's reformation propensity. So, Attitude of SBS is evaluated opportunism. In sum. all broadcasting station affirmatively evaluated Roh after election. This findings confirm the habitual attitude alternation that was revealed at the early regime. Television news in 16th president election period showed the conflict and confrontation framing like the past election campaign.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.