간호관리자의 권력부여(Empowerment) 유형 및 수준

구옥희,안은경,김태숙,최옥순 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate manager's type and level of empowerment perceived by clinical nurses. 125 nurses were selected by convenience sampling from three hospitals in Suwon(two private university hospitals, one private general hospital). The instrument of "the type of empowerment"(Vogt & Murrell, 1990) was used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. Supplemental computations using Scheffe's test were performed as post-hoc tests to examine the ANOVA results. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Generally clinical nurses recognized manager's empowerment to medium-high degree. And in the level of it's subtypes, the degree of recognition appeared in order of the following; evaluation/ control(42.83), information exchange(34.75), planning/organization(34.66), selection process/ arrangement/development(34.43), decision making/action(34.05), leadership/motivation(33.94). 2. In the relationship between general characteristics of clinical nurses and the level of their recognition on empowerment, a significant difference appeared in the type of position(p<.05), and very significant difference appeared in the types of unit and senior(p<.01). 3. In the relationship between general characteristics of clinical nurses and the level of manager's empowerment subtypes, the following results revealed; statistically meaningful differences appeared in unit and senior of information exchange type, in senior of planning/organization type, in age, position, carrier and senior of evaluation/control type, in unit and senior of leadership/motivation type, in unit and senior of selection process/arrangement/development type(p<.05).

결정 성장 방법에서 황산 농도가 황산 칼슘 결정 형태 및 법랑질과 복합 레진의 결합 강도에 미치는 영향

은희춘,구기갑,임호남 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The calcium sulfate dihydrate(gypsum) crystal morphology on enamel surface treated by sulfuric acid aqueous solution (from 0.1M to 1.0M) was observed by scanning electron microscope. The shear bond strength between enamel and composite resin was measured by universal testing machine. From the experimental results, the conclusions of this study were; (1) The shear bond strength between enamel and composite resin was maximum at 0.1M sulfuric acid. The shear bond strength was decreased to 0.3M, hardly bonded from 0.4M to 0.6M, and increased from 0.7M as increasing sulfuric acid concentration. (2) The crystals was disordered as increasing sulfuric acid concentration. (3) The crystals formed by sulfuric acid aqueous solution were not firmly bonded on enamel surface because only crystal nuclei were attached on enamel, so fracture was occurred between enamel and crystal interface.

전문비서직에 대한 이대 비서학과 학부학생들의 의식구

구효선,김경화,윤혜정,이지연,정은희,강은정,김윤희,신해정 이화여자대학교 법정대학 비서학과 1997 비서학연구 Vol.- No.17

치자 추출물 및 성분에 대한 부종억제 효과

구혜진,박은희 숙명여자대학교 약학연구소 2004 약학논문집-숙명여자대학교 Vol.21 No.-

Gradenia has been traditionally used as a folk medicine for centuries in Oriental countries. Its ethanolic extract (GFE) and two known constituents, genipin and geniposide, were used to elucidate its pharmacological actions. GFE, genipin and geniposide showed anti-inflammatory effects in rat paw edema test. Both genipin and geniposide contained inhibitory activites on production of exudate and nitric oxide (NO) in rat air-pouch edema model, whereas GFE inhibited the production of exudate. GFE showed inhibitory effects on acetic acid-induced vascular permeability and writhing in mice. Genipin showed antioxidant activity in lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay using rat brain homogenate. In summary, the results support anti-inflammatory and related activities of gardenia.

한국인 만성 긴장형두통 환자에서 바이오피드백을 활용한 자율적 이완훈련의 효과

강은호,안주연,구문선,박주언,유범희 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.3

Objectives : We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback-assisted autogenic training for chronic tension-type headache, and to determine the relationship among the changes in electromyography (EMG) activity, headache activity, and mood states according to the psychophysiological treatment. Methods : Chronic tension-type headache patients aged from 20 to 40 years (n=35) were randomized to the treatment group receiving biofeedback-assisted autogenic training (8 sessions) or the monitoring-only control group. EMG activities, headache index, and various psychological variables were examined. Results : We found greater treatment response rate (≥50% reduction in headache index) in patients with biofeedback-assisted autogenic training than in the monitoring group (61% vs. 18% ; χ²=6.882, df=1, p=0.01). There were no significant changes in the mean values of the pretreatment EMG activities across the sessions m either group (all p’s>0.1). Mood states including anxiety and depression improved over time in the both groups, with the improvements being more prominent in the treatment group. Moreover, the reduction in depression level predicted treatment outcome in terms of headache index (95% confidence interval : 0.272-0.966, p=0.039). Conclusion : These results show that biofeedback-assisted autogenic training is effective for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache in a Korean population. Changes in mood states may be closely associated with the clinical outcome in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache using biofeedback-assisted autogenic training.

가공속도와 슬러리의 가공온도에 따른 웨이퍼 폴리싱의 표면특성에 관한 연구

이정택,원종구,신태희,이은상 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Silicon wafers which are the starting materials for the industry of semiconductor must be very flat in order to print circuits on them by lithographic processes. Therefore, the wafer polishing is an essential process used in the fabrication of silicon wafers to achieve a globally planar and mirror-like wafer surface. The surface roughness in the wafer depends on the surface properties of the carrier head unit along with other machining conditions such as polishing pad, Processing velocity, machining temperature, down-force distribution and so on. Also the applied down-force is an important parameter of polishing process. This study shows the surface characteristics between the polishing pad and the wafer carrier unit by wafer polishing system head. The experiments were performed to observe the down-force and temperature when the wafer carrier head unit was pressed down onto the polishing pad. To measure the down-force distribution in processing velocity, the experimental set up used the loadcell to get the signal of the applied pressure against the polishing pad in actual processing with detecting temperature in slurry. Thus the optimum condition selection of ultra precision wafer polishing is using loadcell and infrared temperature sensor. The optimum condition is selected to use a result data that measure a pressure in processing velocity. By using optimum condition, it helps to achieve an ultra precision mirror like surface.

노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 노인의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과

유계준,송정은,오병훈,안석균,이홍식,오희철,구은형,황혜숙,이은철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

노인에게 있어서 신경인지기능의 저하와 우울 증상은 가장 흔한 장애이며 신체적, 정신적인 면에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 또한 이러한 장애중 비임상군에서 심리사회적 치료개입의 효과가 보고되고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 지역사회에서 노인에게 제공되는 심리사회적 치료개입의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 이전의 연구에서는 대상이 특정 집단이거나, 비교군이 없거나, 치료효과에 대한 추적 관찰이 이루어지지 않는 등의 제한점이 있었으며, 현재 국내의 노인 낮병원은 소수에 불과하고 이러한 낮병원의 치료효과에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 지역사회 정신보건센터에서 운영하는 노인 낮병원에 참가하는 노인들을 대상으로 낮병원의 심리사회적 프로그램이 노인들의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과와 이에 대한 유지 효과의 유무를 알아보고자 하였다. 경기도 광주군 정신보건센터의 노인 낮병원에 참여한 노인을 치료군으로, 치료를 거부하거나 치료 중 탈락한 노인을 비교군으로 하여 10주간의 낮병원 치료전후와 치료종결 후 10주에 신경인지기능은 한국형 간이 정신상태검사(이하 MMSE-K)로, 우울 증상은 단축형노인우울척도(이하 SGDS)로 평가하여 두 군을 비교하였고 치료군의 치료 직후와 치료종결 후 10주를 비교하였다. 연구결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료가 시간에 따른 SGDS점수 변화에 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, MMSE-K점수 변화에는 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 10주 추시가 가능했던 치료군 중 약 43%가 10주 후 SGDS가 증가하여 호전되었던 우울증상의 악화를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램 개입은 노인에게 있어서 우울 증상을 호전시키며 신경인지 기능에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 상당수에서 심리사회적 치료 개입으로 인한 우울 증상의 호전이 유지되지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 노인우울증상의 치료에 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 효과적일 수 있음과 치료 후 이를 유지하기 위한 부가적인 치료개입의 필요성을 시사한다. Cognitive impairment and depression are the most common symptoms affecting the elderly on physical and mental states. Studies have shown that these symptoms in mild cases are improved by psychosocial intervention, emphasizing the importance of therapeutic intervention provided in the community. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the psychosocial program at a geriatric day care service has any therapeutic effect on the cognitive function and depressive symptoms in the elderly and whether such effect can be maintained. The experimental group was composed of 37 elderly patients attending the day care service at the mental health center located in Kwangju county, Kyonggi province. The control group was composed of 22 elderly patients who either refused intervention or who dropped out of the program. Cognitive function was assessed with the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE-K), and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS). The experimental group and the control group were compared on the score of on each test, which was administered before and after the program and 10 weeks after discontinuation of program. In the experimental group, the scores acquired immediately after the program and at 10 weeks of follow-up were also compared. The results showed that psychosocial intervention at a geriatric day care service was significantly associated with the change in SGDS scores dependent on time but not significantly associated with the change in MMSE-K scores. In the experimental group whose follow-up assessment was possible, it was further shown that 43% of patients had increased SGDS scores 10 weeks after the program ended, indicating that depressive symptoms had worsened. This study suggests that psychosocial therapeutic intervention in the geriatric day care service improve depressive symptoms but not cognitive functions in the elderly. In addition, for a considerable percentage of subjects in the experimental group, the improvements in depressive symptoms were not sustained after the intervention was withdrawn. These findings proposes a need of strengthening therapeutic intervention to maintain such effect.

대전지역 대학생의 학교 식당 이용실태 및 만족도 조사

왕수경,임영희,윤은영,구난숙,박선미 대전대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.6 No.-

The aspects and satisfaction on university foodservice were investigated to provide basic information for better foodservice in university by questionnaires. The survey was conducted in Daejon, and data were analyzed by SAS. Although 87.3% of subjects were under foodservice, only 2.0% of them preferred the foods served in university. The most favorite reason for foodservice was indicated as no need on lunch bag(31.1%) and frendship of classmates(25.5%). The most unfavorite reason for foodservice was indicated as bad taste of foods(68.7%) or many dislike foods(13.2%), also dirty eating place(7.7%). The subject liked ssalbap, baechu kimchi, beef foods. The acceptance about kongbap, yulmu kirnchi, beef products was higher in men than women(p<0.05). The preference of mieokkuk was higher in women and that of beef soup was higher in men(p<0.05). The degree of satisfaction was lower in men than in women about the amount of foods(p<0.001). Also the degree of satisfaction was lower in women than in men about sanitary condition of eating place. 54.6% of them had taken the unwanted materials in foods and 3% of them experienced the deteriorated food. The results suggest that food preference of subjects should be considered in meal planning and various cooking method should be utilized to enhance taste of foods for better foodservice. Also, the importance of various foods intake must be periodically and continuously taught to them through nutrition education.

근원 불명 전이암의 예후인자와 생존율

원종호,박성규,홍대식,박희숙,김은석,최두호 순천향의학연구소 1999 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.5 No.1

Purpose : Patients with cancer of unknown primary site represent 5% to 10% of all cancer patients. This study was to evaluate survival and prognostic factors of patients with malignancy of unknown origin. Materials and Methods : A retrospective analysis was done for one hundred and two patients with malignancy of unknown origin who were treated from January 1989 to December 1998. There were 52 male and 50 female patients. Age of patients ranged from 20 to 94 years (mean 58 years). Clinical presentation depended on the site of metastases. In cases of multiple metastatic sites, we selected the first apparent metastasis or the symptomatic one for which the patient was first seen. The three most frequent initial metastatic sites were peritoneum, lymph node, and liver. Median follow up period was 4 months(0-100 months) and survival rate measured form the time of diagnosis. Results : The two years survival rate was 13.6% with a median survival time of 4 months. The factors associated with the overall survival rate were the tumor marker CEA(p=0.0061), smoking history(p=0.0039), and histologic type(squamous cell carcinoma versus non-squamous cell carcinoma, p=0.0295). Marginal statistical difference was found according to performance status. No statistical differences were found according to sex, weight loss, initial metastatic site and numbers, primary lesion site, and treatment modality. Conclusion : Squamous cell carcinoma was associated with survival rate. In squamous cell carcinoma of unknown origin with good prognostic factor, especially cervical lymph node metastasis, we suggest an approach of extensive initial workup for staging and aggressive treatment.

청소년의 체형인식과 체중조절에 관한 실태 조사

김윤정,임영희,왕수경,윤은영,구난숙 대전대학교 생활과학연구소 1998 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

This purpose of this survey was to investigate status recognition and weight contrast of high school students and college in Taejon. These results were summarized as follows: In the heights and weights those of male 178.74±6.31cm and 65.49±9.44kg, those of female were 162.09±4.36cm and 51.95±5.95kg. By broca index, 53.7% of subjects were normal, 38.2% were lean, 5.3% were overweight and 2.8% were obese. 44.4% of male have recognized their body form as normal, 30.5% of female have recognized their body form as overweight, 47.8% of lean groups answered that they were normal. In normal groups, 46.2% answered normal and 28.9% answered some fatty. 46.8% of normal group in female misunderstood that they were some fatty. In spite of not to weight control, lean and normal group answered that they were weight control. Weight control methods were used diet therapy (66.2%). therapy+exercise(22.8%) and exercise(9.0%). Reason to select therapy of weight control were one's recommendation(45.8%) and by mass media(3.8%). Weight loss and period of weight control were 1.9days, 0.4kg in high school students, 7.3days, 0.7kg in college students, and 3.8days, 0.5kg in male, 5.7days, 0.6kg in female. The results of weight control, 65.0% were failed. The reason of failure in weight control, 42.4% answered because of hungry.