Effect of Hydride Reorientation on Delayed Hydride Cracking In Zr-2.5Nb Tubes

Yun Yeo Bum,Kim Young Suk,Im Kyung Soo,Cheong Yong Moo,Kim Sung Soo Korean Nuclear Society 2003 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.35 No.6

The objective of this study is to investigate the reorientation of hydrides with applied stress intensity factor, the peak temperature and the time when to apply the stress intensity factor in a Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube during its thermal cycle treatment. Cantilever beam (CB) specimens with a notch of 0.5 mm in depth made from the Zr-2.5Nb tube were subjected to electrolytic hydrogen charging to contain 60 ppm H and then to a thermal cycle involving heating to the peak temperature of either 310 or $380^{\circ}C$, holding there for 50 h and then cooling to the test temperature of $250^{\circ}C$. The stress intensity factor of either 6.13 or $18.4\;MPa\sqrt{m}$ was applied at the beginning of the thermal cycle, at the end of the hold at the peak temperatures and after cooling to the test temperature, respectively. The reorientation of hydrides in the Zr-2.5Nb tube was enhanced with the increased peak temperature and applied stress intensity factor. Furthermore, when the CB specimens were subjected to $18.4\;MPa\sqrt{m}$ from the beginning of the thermal cycle, the reoriented hydrides occurred almost all over the Zr-2.5Nb tube, surprisingly suppressing the growth of a DHC crack. In contrast, when the CB specimens were subjected to the stress intensity factor at the test temperature, little reorientation of hydrides was observed except the notch region, leading the Zr-2.5Nb to grow a large DHC crack. Based on the correlation between the reorientation of hydrides and the DHC crack growth, a governing factor for DHC is discussed along with the feasibility of the Kim's DHC model.

한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이 양상

김형훈,김현진,정윤재,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원,기창석,김종원,정재훈 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.4

연구배경: 갑상선 수질암의 25∼30%는 유전성으로 발현되는데, MEN 2A, MEN 2B 또는 가족성 수질암의 형태로 나타난다. RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이가 유전성 갑상선 수질암의 발생에 중요한 역할을 하므로, 진단 당시의 연령이나 가족력 유무에 관계없이 모든 갑상선 수질암 환자나 또는 RET 변이가 발견된 수질암 환자의 가족 구성원들에서 RET 변이 검색을 하여야 한다. 또한 일부 문헌에서 RET 변이의 양상에따라 임상상이 다르게 표현됨이 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이의 양성률을 알아보고, 변이 양상에 따른 임상상의 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 치근 7년간 본원에서 갑상선절제술을 통해 갑상선 수질암으로 진단받은 29예에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이 검사를 시행하였다. 29예의 평균연령은 39세(20∼60세)이었고, 남자 7예, 여자 22예 이었다. 이들의 말초혈액에서 genomic DNA를 분리하고, 특이 시발차를 이용하여 RET 원종양유전자의 exon10, 11, 13, 14, 16부위를 증폭하였다. 증폭된 부위를 자동염기서열분석기를 이용하여 직접 분석하였다. 양성으로 나온 경우는 모든 가족 구성원을 대상으로 RET 변이 유무를 검색하였다. 결과: 대상 환자 29예 중 9예 (31%)에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이가 발견되었다 RET 변이가 발견된 9예 (남자 3예, 여자 6예)의 평균 연령은 33세 (20∼51세)로 RET 변이가 발견되지 않은 20예의 평균연령 42세(24∼60세)보다 의미 있게 적었다. RET 변이가 발견된 9예 중 MEN 2A가 5예, 가족성 수질암이 1예, 그리고 산발성 수질암이 3예이었고, MEN 2B는단 1예도 진단되지 않았다. MEN 2A 5예 중 4예는 exon 11의 codon 634번(C634R 2예, C634Y 2예)에서, 그리고 나머지 1예는exon 10의 codon 618번 (C618R)에서 변이가 각각 발견되었다. 가족성 수질암 1아는 codon 634번(C634W)에서, 산발성 수질암 3예도 모두 codon 634번 (C634y 2예, C634s 1예)에서 각각 변이가 발견되었다. RET변이 양상 또는 위치에 따른 임상상의 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 갑상선 수질암 환자 31%에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이를 발견할 수 있었다. 유전성 수질암 중 가족성 수질암 1예를 제외하고 나머지 5예는MEN 2A이었다. 저자들의 5예와 지금까지 국내에서 보고 된 7예를 합친 국내 MEN 2A 12예 중 75% (9/12)는 exon 11의codon 634번(C634R 4예, C634y 4예, C634w 1예)에서, 그리고 나머지 25% (3/12)는 exon 10의 codon618번(C618R 2예, C618s 1예)에서 변이가 발견되었다. 국내에서는 codon 634과 codon 618 두 곳에만 국한된 양상이었고, codon 634에서의 C634R 변이는 1/3에서만 나타났다. 비록 본 연구에서는 제한된 환자 수 때문에 변이 양상과 임상상의 관계를 규명할 수 없었지만, 향후 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로 전향적인 연구를 시행하여 genotype-phenotype 관계 규명을 하는 것이 필요하다. Background: Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) have been reported as hereditary in about 25 -30% of cases. The identification of germline mutation in RET proto-oncogene is important in the diagnosis of hereditary MTC, and occurs in three forms: MEN 2A, MEN 2B and familial MTC (FMTC). To evaluate the prevalence of the relationship of RET proto-oncogene mutation and genotype-phenotype was studied in Korean patients with MTC. Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from 29 patients, with MTC, who underwent a total thyroidectomy, between 1997 and 2003, at the Samsung Medical Center. There were 7 male and 22 female patients, with an average age of 39, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Exon 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16 of the RET proto-oncogene were amplified, with specific primers, using PCR. A sequencing analysis was performed on the PCR product using an automatic sequencing analyzer. Results: Nine of the 29 patients (31%) were identified as having RET mutations. The average age of these 9 patients was 33 years, ranging from 20 to 51, with a female to male ratio of 2. Five patients had MEN 2A and one had FMTC, with the other 3 thought to have non-hereditary (sporadic) MTC. The 4 patients with MEN 2A had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (2 patients, C634R; 2 patients, C634Y) and the other patient on codon 618 of exon 10 (C618R). One patient with FMTC had a mutation on codon 634 (C634W). Three patients with sporadic MTC had RET mutations on codon 634 (2 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634S). However, no genotype- phenotype relationship could be found, due to the limited number of patients. Conclusion: Thirty-one percent (9/29) of the patients with MTC had RET proto-oncogene mutations. Three-quarters (9/12) of the Korean patients with MEN 2A, including another 7 patients reported in 3 papers in Korea, had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (4 patients, C634R; 4 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634W), but a quarter (3/12) had mutations on codon 618 of exon 10 (2 patients, C618R; 1 patient, C618S). Although no relations could be found between the genotypes and phenotypes, extensive prospective studies will be required to verify this (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:360-370, 2003).

2003년도 해양스포츠 체험활동을 통한 소아건강교실 사례 발표

김현준,이상엽,이가영,곽현,이남수,김혜선,김윤진,김인주,김용기,대한비만학회 부산분과학회 일동 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.13 No.4

부산에 소재한 3개 초등학교 청소년단체 소속의 초등하교 3학년부터 6학년까지 구성된 172명을 대상으로 청소년단체 지도자, 초등학교교사, 자원봉사자, 의사와 영양사가 1박 2일간의 해양스포츠 체험활동 을 통한 건강교실을 시행하였다. 대상자의 체질량지수, 체지방량을 측정하여 비만정도를 평가하였으며, 칼로리 섭취에 대한 강의를 시행하였고, 설문지 조사를 통해 대상자의 식이 섭취 습관에 대한 조사를 시행하였고, 본 건강교실에 대한 만족도를 측정하였다. 대상자중 남자에서는 40%, 여자에서는 25.69%에서 비만 경향을 보였다. 대상자의 대부분에서 시행된 건강교실에 긍정적 반응을 보였으며, 향후 체계적인 구성과 철저한 사전계획이 병행되어 본 증례 보고와 같은 건강교실을 시행한다면, 비만아동에서 거부감 없이 비만에 대한 교육을 실시할 수 있으며, 정상 체중 아동군에서도 비만에 대한 예방교육을 시행할 수 있는 프로그램이 될 것이다. 172 elementary school students involved this health program. This subjects were learened about obesity that affect health problem, ideal eating habits, calories that contained in the children's favorite foods by doctors and nutritionist. And this stubjects were checked heights, weight, body fat percent. Obesity is 40% in the boys and 25.69% in the girls. Most subjects were satisfactory with this health program. So we will effectively educate obese children without resistance and prevent normal weight children from obesity through structured and well-designed health program that similar to this program.

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 체내 총항산화능 측정의 의의

윤여일,윤석기,김선규,김용현,남일송,차건영,황의원,김영선 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: The diabetic patients are at significantly increased risk of developing vascular disease. It's etiology may involve oxidative damage by free radiacals and protection againse such damage can be offered by antioxidants. We investigated that oxidative stress as assessed by measurement of total antioxidant status may play a role in development of diabetes mellitus. Method: We measured total antioxiant status using merchandised kit, glycated hemeglobin(HbA1c) in 46 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 healthy matched control subjects. Result: The total antioxidant status(TAS) was 2.10(±0.04) mmol/L in uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, 2.60(±0.03) in controlled type 2 DM patients and 2.70(±0.16) in healthy control subjects. TAS was significantly lower(P<0.05) in uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, but no significant association between in controlled type 2 DM patients and healthy control subjects. The TAS was 2.00(±0.17) mmol/L in complicated type 2 DM patients and 2.10(±0.29) uncomplicated type 2 DM patients. There was no significant associations between complicated type 2 DM patients and uncomplicated type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is associated with reduced TAS in type 2 DM patients. TAS was thought indirect index that predict glycemic control of type 2 DM patients.

2003년도 해양스포츠 체험활동을 통한 소아건강교실 사례 발표

김현주,이상엽,이가영,곽현,이남수,김혜선,김윤진,김인주,김용기,대학비만학회 부산분과학회 일동 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.12 No.4

두경부 마사지가 중환자실 환자의 수면과 불안에 미치는 효과

김미용,전선영,송윤희,최은진,김재희,김미성,주명순,김남선 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: This study was to apply head and neck massage to patients in intensive care unit and to inventigate the effect of that massage on sleep and state anxiety. Method: The subjects in this study were 27 patients who were admitted in medical intensive care unit. The study was performed from June thru September of 2005 on the One-group pretest-posttest design and the sleep, state anxiety of the subjects were measured before and after head and neck massage. For data analysis, paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were utilized. Result: The first hypothesis that the subjects might have a better sleep after being exposed to head and neck massage was accepted. The second hypothesis that the subjects might feel less state anxiety afrer being exposed to head and neck massage was accepted. The third hypothesis that the sleep of the ICU patients maight be correlated to their anxiety was accepted, as there appeared correlation between their sleep and anxiety. Conclusion: Head and neck massage is identified as one of independent nursing interwentions to improve the sleep of ICU patients and ease their anxiety, and it is necessary to apply it to clinical practices.

특수 언어발달 장애 환아의 임상 및음향음성학적 특성연구

김연희,박세훈,신용일,김찬양,김현기,김정수 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.1

내시경역행성담췌관조영술 후 발생한 종격동기종, 피하공기증, 긴장성 기흉 1예

조용건,이현승,권균홍,김자영,김봉진,김지연,배용목,박선자 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

However, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is still helpful procedure for the diagonosis of the pancreatobiliary disease and treatment through endoscopic sphinterectomy (EST) is relatively safe, these have possiblity of complications such as hemorrhage, infection, panceatitis, and perforation. ERCP related perforation was rarely reported in 0.3 to 1.1% of previous study, but most serious complication. A report of Pneumomediastinum, Tension Pneumothorax complicating perforation after ERCP and EST is very uncommon. In our hospital, we experienced case of pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, and tension pneumothorax after ERCP and EST, and the patient (a 58 years old female with suspicious common bile duct stone) was treated successfully with conservative treatment.

Nonlinear Cardiac Dynamics and Morning Dip : 위험한 일중리듬 An Unsound Circadian Rhythm

염명걸,김남수,오재원,김창렬,이재웅,김순길,이철범,노정일,최정연,윤용수 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.3

항균성 펩타이드인 Mastoparan B의 살조효과

서정길,김찬희,배윤정,문호성,김근용,박희연,윤호동,김창훈,변대석,홍용기,박남규 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Mastoparan B (MPB)는 벌독으로부터 정제된 양친매성α-helical 구조를 취하면서 14개의 아미노산 잔기로 구성된 염기성 항균성 펩타이드로서 여러 가지 생물막과 작용한다. 본 연구에서는 우리 나라 연안의 적조 (HABs, harmful algal blooms)를 일으키는 4종의 적조생물 (Alexandrium tamarense, Chattonella catenatum)에 대한 MPB의 살조효과를 조사하였다. MPB의 4종의 적조생물에 대한 살조효과는 31.3㎍/㎖에서 세포의 lysis또는 ecdysis와 같은 형태로 현미경으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 MPB는 C. marina 및 C. polykridorides에 대해서 A. tamarense와 G. catenatum보다 더욱 강한 살조효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 MPB의 HABs에 대한 살조효과연구는 새로운 살조물질을 개발하기 위한 자료가 될 것으로 생각된다. Mastoparan B (MPB), an antimicrobial cationic peptide isolated from the venom of the hornet Vespa basalis, is a basic amphipathic a-helical peptide composed of fourteen amino acid residues. In this study, we have investigated the algicidal effect of MPB against hatmful algae blooms (HABs) casative Alexandrium tamarense, Chattonella marina, Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Gymnodinium catenatum. The algicidal effect of MPB showed in the concentration of 31.3 ㎍/㎖ to 500 ㎍/㎖ against 4 HAB species and observed cell lysis or cell ecdysis by microscopy. MPB reacted more sensitive to C. marina and C.polykrikoides than A. tamarense and G. catenatum. The algicidal study of MPB against HABs will provides much insight into development of new algicidal substances.