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鄭允在 한국정치학회 1992 한국정치학회보 Vol.25 No.2
본 논문은 제3세계발전을 정치 리더쉽의 역할을 중심으로 연구하는 「정치 리더쉽접근」에 대한 하나의 시론(試論)이다. 필자는 우선 현대정치학의 정치리더쉽 현상에 대한 이론적 관심이 적었음과 정치 지도자에 대한 심리학적 연구의 한계 및 세계체제-종속론적 제3세계정치 이해의 한계를 비판적으로 검토했다. 다음으로 필자는 정치리더쉽접근에 유용하다고 생각되는 세가지의 기본 가정들을 제시했다; 첫째, 정치란 정치지도자와 국민간의 상호작용을 통한 문제해결과정이다; 둘째, 정치리더쉽은 하나의 권력현상이다; 세째, 정치리더쉽은 사회변동의 주요변수 중의 하나이다. 그리고 제3세계국가의 정치지도자연구나 발전연구와 관련되는 제문제들을 정치리더쉽적 시각에서 연구하는 데에 참고가 될만한 몇 가지의 착안사항들을 네가지의 명제로 제시했다 : 첫째, 제3세계지도자들은 국가적 상황을 진단하고, 처방하며, 그에 따른 정책을 집행하면서 대중적 지지를 동원한다; 둘째, 제3세계국가의 자율성은 정치지도자의 정책선택 및 집행능력에 의해 결정된다; 세째, 제3세계국가의 발전과정은 정치리더쉽의 성격에 의해 크게 영향받는다; 네째, 제3세계국가의 정치리더쉽에 대한 분석 평가는 문제해결적 측면과 그에 대한 국민들의 태도를 고려하는 것이 바람직하다. 이와 같은 제3세계발전에 대한 정치리더쉽접근은 제3세계국가의 자율성을 구체적으로 입증하는 데 유리하고, 정치지도자(국가)와 국민(사회)사이에 존재하는 다양하고, 비서구적이며, 동태적인 상호관계를 적실성있게 분석하는 데 유용하다. 또한 지금까지 대부분 부정적으로만 평가되었던 제3세계적 문화, 역사적 전통의 정치사회적 기능에 정당한 관심을 두는 “자아준거적” 제3세계발전연구에 일정한 공헌을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
정윤재 대한면역학회 2015 Immune Network Vol.15 No.6
Purification of enough numbers of circulating eosinophils is difficult because eosinophils account for less than 5% peripheral blood leukocytes. Human eosinophilic leukemia EoL-1 cells have been considered an in vitro source of eosinophils as they can differentiate into mature eosinophillike cells when incubated with dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) or butyric acid. In this study, the viability and phenotypic maturation of EoL-1 cells stimulated by either dbcAMP or butyric acid were comparatively analyzed. After treatment with 100 μM dbcAMP or 0.5 μM butyric acid, EoL-1 cells showed morphological signs of differentiation, although the number of nonviable EoL-1 cells was significantly increased following butyric acid treatment. Stimulation of EoL-1 cells with 0.5 μM butyric acid more effectively induced the expression of mature eosinophil markers than stimulation with dbcAMP. These results suggest that treatment of EoL-1 cells with 0.5 μM butyric acid for limited duration could be an effective strategy for inducing their differentiation. Considering that expression of CCR3 was not sufficient in EoL-1 cells stimulated with 0.5 μM butyric acid, treatment of the chemically stimulated EoL-1 cells with cytokines, which primarily support eosinophil maturation, would help to obtain differentiated EoL-1 cells with greater functional maturity.
대구경 선집속 탐촉자를 이용한 실리콘 웨이퍼에서의 램파 전파 특성 분석
정윤재,양승수,유민재,김영환,Chung, Yoonjae,Yang, Seung Soo,Yu, Minjae,Kim, Young H. 한국음향학회 2018 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.37 No.4
본 연구에서는 이방성 매질인 (100), (111) 방향의 실리콘 웨이퍼에서 램파의 전파 특성을 PVDF-(Polyvinylidene Fluoride) 선집속 탐촉자를 이용하여 분석하였다. 램파가 분산성을 가지기 때문에 탐촉자와 시편 사이의 거리 z를 바꿔가며 측정하는 V(f,z)방법을 변형하여 사용하였다. 또한 이방성을 확인하기 위해 선집속 탐촉자가 사용되었고, 실리콘 웨이퍼를 $1^{\circ}$ 간격으로 $180^{\circ}$ 회전시켜 측정하였다. 실험 결과, $A_0$ 모드와 $S_0$ 모드를 확인할 수 있었다. $S_0$ 모드의 속력 분포에서 각 결정 방향의 구조와 연관된 이방성을 확인할 수 있었고, $A_0$ 모드의 속력은 등방성으로 나타났다. 이는 실리콘의 결정구조와 램파의 각 모드의 진동양상과 부합하는 결과이다. In this study, the propagation characteristics of Lamb waves in anisotropic silicon wafers of (100) and (111) direction were investigated by PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) line-focused transducer. The modified V(f,z) method was used because the Lamb waves are dispersive. For confirming the anisotropy, a line-focused transducer was used and the silicon wafer was rotated 180 degrees at intervals of 1 degree. As a result, $A_0$ and $S_0$ modes were observed. The speed of $S_0$ mode according to propagation direction showed anisotropy which is associated with the crystal structure, and the speed of $A_0$ mode was isotropic. The result is consistent with the crystal structure of silicon and the mechanism of vibration of each Lamb wave modes.
USF-1, USF-2, PTEN 및 갑상선 전사인자들이 갑상선 세포의 기능과 증식에 미치는 영향
정윤재,김근숙,민용기,이명식,이문규,정재훈,김광원 대한내분비학회 2004 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.19 No.2
Background: Upstream stimulatory factors(USFs) and PTEN are known to be tumor suppressants. USFs and PAX-8 were reported to be the functional competitors in sodium iodide symporter(NIS) gene expression. We investigated the effects of USF-1, USF-2, PTEN, and thyroid-specific transcription factors(TTF-1, PAX-8) on the function and growth of thyrocytes of FRTL 5 rat thyroid cells. Methods: Complementary DNAs of the USF-1, USF-2, PTEN, TTF-1(homeodomain), and PAX-8 were synthesized from RNA extracted from FRTL-5using an RT-PCR kit. Each of them was transiently transfected to the FRTL-5 cells using the lipofectamine after being cloned into the pcDNA3.1 vectors. Stable cell lines, which were transfected by USF-1, PTEN, TTF-1, and PAX-8, were also obtained from the FRTL-5 cells, respectively. Extracellular cAMP concentrations were measured after 24 hours of incubation with varying concentrations of bTSH(0.1~100mIU/mL). After, [Methyl-3H] thymidine uptake or 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU) assay was performed.Results: USF-1 and USF-2 significantly increased cAMP levels and decreased thymidine uptake in both transiently and stably transfected cells(p<0.01). PTEN had a tendency to increase both the cAMP levels and BrdU uptake in stable cells, but had a tendency to decrease thymidine uptake intransiently transfected cells. TTF-1 significantly increased the cAMP levels and either thymidine or BrdU uptake in both transiently and stably transfected cells(p<0.05). PAX-8 significantly increased both the cAMP levels and BrdU assay in stable cells, but in transiently transfected cells, it significantly decreased cAMP concentrations(p<0.01). Conclusions: These results suggested that both the USF-1 and USF-2 play a role in suppressing the growth of thyrocytes but at the same time, they kept the ability to produce cAMP after TSH stimulation. They had opposing effects on TTF-1 and PAX-8 in terms of the proliferation of thyrocytes
Rubber-Tipped Jones Tube를 이용한 결막누낭비강문합술
정윤재,위형곤,김진,손병규,김한균 대한성형외과학회 2002 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.29 No.3
One of the problems of conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy which employs the conventional Jones tube is that the end of Jones tube has to be manipulated by the surgeon so that the tube resides within the nasal cavity while not touching the middle turbinate and the nasal septum. As a result, for most of the patients who have high nasal septal deviation, paradoxical curvature, or middle turbinate hypertrophy, there wasn't enough room within the nasal cavity where one end of Jones tube could rest. Such patients required either septoplasty or turbinectomy before they underwent conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy.In order to overcome such a problem, the authors connected a 4 Fr. rubber tube to the conventional Jones tube, and helped the end of the tube to reside within the nasal cavity regardless of the anatomical variation of either the nasal septum or the middle turbinate. When such modified procedure is used, the conventional Jones tube will make contact with the conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, and the nasal mucosa while the rubber tube remained afloat within the nasal conjunctiva. Such modification helps the tube to reside within the nasal cavity without foreign body reactions and granulation tissue complications, and there is no need to change tubes in order to make up for the loss of tube length due to post operative tissue contracture. Between April 2000 and August 2001, the authors performed conjunctivodacryo cystorhinostomy with rubber-tipped Jones tube on 8 patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and obtained satisfactory results without complications.