Key Ethical Issues and Hindrances to Ethical Behavior in Korean Insurance Industry

Lee, Kyung-Lyong,Lee, Bong-Joo,Lee, Han-Duck 서강대학교 경영연구소 2004 서강경영논총 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to investigate key ethical issues and hindrances to ethical behavior faced by professionals working in Korean insurance industry. For this purpose, conducted is a survey of actuaries in a variety of positions in insurance companies and insurance related institutions. The findings also are compared to those of American studies. Actuaries' perceptions of the key ethical issues tend to be restricted to actuarial aspects such as insufficient legal authority to perform professional services in an ethical manner and failure to get adequate ethics training program. But some issues arising in marketing are considered significant similar to the U.S. As a whole, key ethical issues and challenges are not significantly different from the viewpoints of actuaries working in the life and non-life insurance business. Regarding key hindrances to ethical behavior, the 15 factors are presented such as competitive pressures, performance-based evaluation and unethical demand made by clients. These findings are generally similar to those of the U.S. studies.

광중합형 구치부 수복재료의 중합수축량과 중합수축력

박성호,이순영,조용식,김수선,이창재,김영주,이봉희,이광성,노병덕 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.4

The purpose of present study was to evaluate the polymerization shrinkage stress and amount of linear shrinkage of composites and compomers for posterior restoration. For this purpose, linear polymerization shrinkage and polymerization stress were measured. For linear polymerization shrinkage and polymerization stress measurement, custom made Linometer (R&B, Daejon, Korea) and Stress measuring machine was used (R&B, Daejon, Korea). Compositers and compomers were evaluated; Dyract AP (Dentsply Detrey, Gumbh, German) Z100 (3M Dental Products, St. Paul, USA) Pyramid (Bisco, Schaumburg, USA) Synergy Compact (Coltene, Altstatten, Switzerland), Heliomolar (Vivadent/Ivoclar, Liechtenstein), and Compoglass (Vivadent Ivoclar/Liechtenstein) were used. 15 measurements were made for each material. Linear polymerization shrinkage or polymerization stress for each material was compared with one way ANOVA with Tukey at 95% levels of confidence. For linear shrinkage ; Heliomolar, Surefil<Synergy Compact, Z100<Dyract AP<Pyramid, Compoglass F (p<0.05) For Shrinkage stress ; Heliomolar < Z100, Pyramid<Synergy Compact, Compoglass F<Dyract AP<Heliomolar HB, Surefil (p<0.05)

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

枳實에 의한 아나필락시의 抑制效果

李彦政,朱泓炫,金炯均,宋峰根 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1996 원광한의학 Vol.6 No.1

The effect of water extract of Poncirus trifoliata fruit (ATFE) on compound 48/80 induced anaphylaxis was studied in the rat. The following results have obtained. 1. Optimal lethal dose of compound 48/80 was 8ug/gm B.W. 2. PTFE was found to exhibit an inhibitory activity on the anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80. 3. Administration of PTFE 60 min before or 5 min after had a better result than 10 min after anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80. 4. PTFE also inhibited significantly the serum histamine release in anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in the rat. 5. Administration of PIFE before 30 min decreased PCA reaction induced by anti DNP-IgE and DNP-HSA. This result indicates that poncirus trifoliata suppresses the anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 with decreasing the serum histamine release.

시멘트 종류에 따른 SB 라텍스 개질 콘크리트의 강도 및 투수특성

이봉학,홍창우,이주형,김동호 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

This study focused on the investigation of strength development and permeability of LMC(Latex Modified Concrete) and RSLM(Rapid-Setting Cement Latex Modified Concrete) as the latex content cement types and s/c ratio changed. The compressive strength of latex modified concrete decreased slightly and the flexural strength increased quitely at 15% of latex content. This may be due to the flexibility of latex filled in voids and interconnections of hydrated cement and aggregates by a film of latex particles, respectively. The permeability test results showed that the permeability of LMC was considerably lower than that of conventional concrete. Results of chloride permeability test, for RSLMC indicated very low at an early age caused by the early formation of needle-shape ettringites and latex film.

北韓의 社會主義建設과 指導體系

李相軾,朱鳳浩 釜山敎育大學校 1993 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.29 No.1

개구리의 消化管內의 寄生蟲에 關한 硏究

李淑周,辛昌男,吉奉燮 圓光大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

1976年 3月부터 10月까지 부여地方의 개구리를 種別로 採集하여 分類하고 消化管內의 寄生忠을 分類하였다. 1. 부여지방의 개구리는 2科 5種으로 濕한 平地와 논에는 참개구리, 금개구리가 主로 棲息하며 山間溪流나 늪에는 北方産 개구리, 옴개구리, 청개구리가 棲息한다. 2. 消化管內 寄生忠은 10∼14種으로 吸忠類는 Loxogenies liberun Seno, Halipegu japonica YAMAGUTI가 共通種이며, 개구리의 種의 區分없이 널리 分布되어 있다. 線忠奎는 地域에 따라 吸忠類에 比해 區分이 뚜렷하며 山間溪流나 沼에서 사는 개구리의 種은 Gosmoceraca japonica YAMAGUTI가 寄生하며 Hedraris ijimai MORISHITA는 濕한 平地나 논에서 사는 개구리들에 寄生하는 種으로 着做된다. In this study the classification of frog and parasites in the digestive organ of frog in Buye area was carried out from march to October 1976. 1. All frog species in this studied area could be classified into 5 species. Two species-R. nigromaculata and R. nigromaculata chosenica-lived in the wet level ground and rice field and Three species -R. rugosa.R.temporaria dy bow skie and H. arborea japonica-in the mountain stream and smash. 2. Parasitesinthe digestive organ of frogs was classified into 10∼14 species. One species of Nematoda-C.japonica-was in the frogs habited in the mountain stream and swash and on e species-H.ijimai-lived upon frogs in the wet level ground and rice field.

뇌사환자의 갑상선 기능, 전신대사 및 중증도에 관한 연구

이영주,정금희,왕희정,문봉기,한연희,이영석 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1999 아주의학 Vol.4 No.1

Background and Objectives : Brain death may lead to hormonal depletion, metabolic derangement and multiple organ dysfunction. We have carried out present study to examine the effects of brain death on the thyroid function, metabolic indices, and the severity scoring systems. Methods : 13 adults patients admitted for organ donation or brain death evaluation were examined after brain death was confirmed. Thyroid hormones measured were .thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and free thyroxine (FT4). The metabolic indices measured were arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR), lactic acid (LA), and base defiat (BD). as for reference to the severity scoring systems, APACHE Ⅲ and multiple organ failure score (MOFS) were assessed on the day of brain death confirmation. Arterial blood was drawn for all measurements. Results : As for the thyroid function, there were significant decreases in T3 (40.48±20.96 ng/dL) and T4 (3.47±2.15 ㎍/dL), but no significant change in FT4 (0.75±0.31 ng/dL) and TSH (1.12±1.37 uIU/mL) compared to the normal range. Significant decreases in AKBR (0.39±0.31) and BD (-9.46±5.83 m㏖/L), and significant increase in LA (2.57±2.46 m㏖/L) In metabolic indices, were shown, as for severity scoring systems, APACHE Ⅲ score (101.54±19.41) and MOF score (9.11±2.57) indicated a high mortality. There were significant correlation between thyroid hormones (r=0.565 -0.781) but no correlation among other indices. Also, significant inverse correlations were shown between base deficit and lactic acid (r=-0.660), APACHE Ⅲ score (r=-0.726) and MOF score (r=-0.604). The highest correlation was observed between APACHE Ⅲ score and MOF score (r=0.851). Conclusions : As for the thyroid function, significant decrease in T3 and T4, and almost normal range of FT4 and TSH imply the euthyroid sick syndrome. Abnormal finding of the metabolic parameters indicates an inhibition of the aerobic metabolic rate of the body as a whole. And the severity scoring parameters are compatible with high mortality.

化學發癌 物質의 發癌 能力에 關한 反應性 指數의 理論的 硏究

李一峯,宋寧大,林周相,崔茂悅,朴柄珏 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1990 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

There are many theoretical indices for chemical carcinogenicity. Among the various indices, the LUMO electron density and approximate superdelocalizability have taken to compared and discussed for the carcinogenicity of PAHs, aromatic amines and Azo-compounds. The sum of LUMO electron density of the trans-butadiene type 1, 2, 4 positions in a molecule has been known to be in more agreement with the observed values than those of approximate superdelocalizability. It is suggested that any trans-butadiene type 1, 2, 4 positions play an importmant role in the elucidation of mechanism of chemical carcinogenesis.

보험회사의 기업윤리 현황과 과제

이경룡,이봉주 한국보험학회 2003 保險學會誌 Vol.64 No.-

최근 국내외적으로 윤리경영의 중요성이 점증해가는 상황에서 본 연구는 보험사의 기업윤리 현황과 과제에 대해 종합적으로 고찰함으로써 보험윤리경영에 대한 연구의 토대를 제공하고자 하였다. 보험서비스의 특성과 관련되어 발생하는 여러 가지 윤리적 문제가 종합적으로 고찰되었다. 국내 보험거래와 관련된 비윤리적 거래에 대한 현황을 금융감독원의 자료를 통해 제시되었으며, 영업 관련 문제가 주된 쟁점이던 1990년대 초와 달리 손해사정과 관련된 윤리적 문제가 급증하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 국내 보험사는 대부분 윤리강령을 제정하고 있었으나 윤리프로그램이 나름대로 정립되어 있는 보험사는 외국사 및 국내대형사였다. 윤리경영이 아직 초기단계라 감사 부서와의 업무 분장이 모호하며, 전담 인력이 적은 문제를 보이고 있다. Recently the issue of managing corporate ethics has been increasingly important domestically as well as internationally. In this respect, this study reviews comprehensively ethical issues and challenges in Korean insurance industry. It examines various ethical problems associated with insurance service and indirectly analyzes unethical insurance transactions using data from Financial Supervisory Service. While early 1990s unethical problems associated insurance sales were predominant, now those relating to claim settlements have become significant. Though most insurers have their code of ethics, workable ethics programs appear to be found in foreign and large domestic insurers. Because ethical management is just in the early stage in the insurance industry, several problems are ubiquitous such as few personnels and ambiguous job descriptions.