심근경색 모델 흰쥐에서 스트레스가 B-type Natriuretic Peptide 발현 및 심박변이율 변화에 미치는 영향

이삼윤(Sam Youn Lee),이미경(Mi Kyoung Lee),김남호(Nam-ho Kim),주민철(Min Cheol Joo),조항정(Hyang Jeong Jo),강지숙(Ji Sook Kang),김병숙(Byung Sook Kim),윤선식(Sun Sik Yoon),최을식(Eul Sig Choi),이문영(Moon Young Lee) 대한스트레스학회 2010 스트레스硏究 Vol.18 No.3

심박변이율의 감소는 심근 경색 환자에서 예후의 악화와 관련되어 있다. 심박변이율 중 very low frequency가 심부전환자의 예후를 판단할 수 있는 독립적 인자로서 사용이 가능하다고 보고된 바 있으며, 심실의 압력 증가에 반응해서 생성되는 B-type natriuretic peptide가 심근 경색의 예후 인자로서 사용할 수 있음 역시 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 심근경색 모델을 제작하여 일정의 회복 기간을 거친 다음 다시 일정 기간의 스트레스를 겪게 한 후 심박변이율의 변화 및 심실 조직에서의 BNP 발현 정도를 비교하여 스트레스에 의한 영향을 관찰하고자 하였다. Sprague-Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐 15마리를 대상으로 하였다. 실험동물은 인위적 스트레스 및 수술을 받지 않은 대조군(CON, n=5), 심근경색 수술을 받은 후 restraint stress를 받지 않은 군(MI+No Stress, n=5), 심근경색 수술을 받은 후 1주일 동안 restraint stress를 받은 군(MI+Stress, n=5)으로 분류하였다. 심근경색 모델 제작 직후 15분 이상 심전도의 변화를 기록하였으며, 2개월 정도 후 심근경색 수술을 받은 동물을 두 군으로 나누어 그 중 한 군에는 1주일 동안 restraint stress를 가한 후 restraint stress를 가하지 않은 동물과 심박변이율을 비교 분석하였다. 심실 조직은 좌심실 전벽 부위의 위축을 관찰할 수 있었고, 대식세포에 의하여 응고, 괴사된 심근세포의 탐식과 혈관이 풍부한 육아조직 및 섬유 변화를 볼 수 있었다. 심박변이율은 심근경색 수술을 받은 직후 심박수는 유의한 증가를 보였고, standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals (SDNN), very low frequency (VLF) 및 low frequency (LF)의 유의한 감소를 보였다. 심근경색 수술을 받았던 동물에서 두 달 정도의 회복 기간을 거친 후 스트레스를 받지 않은 군은 심박수 및 기타 심박변이율 분석에서 SDNN 값을 제외하고는 정상군과 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었던 반면 1주일 동안 스트레스를 받은 군에서는 심박수가 다시 유의하게 증가했을 뿐만 아니라 SDNN, VLF 및 LF 역시 정상군과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 심근경색 동물에 대해 1주일 동안 스트레스를 가한 결과 심박변이율이 감소하고 심실에서의 BNP 발현은 더욱 증가하여 악화함을 보여주고 있다. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with less favorable prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). It has been reported that very low frequency (VLF) power in HRV analysis is an independent risk predictor in patients with congestive heart failure and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) can be used as a prognostic factor of MI. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether stress has an effect to the changes of BNP expression and/or heart rate variability in MI model in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: control group (CON), MI group (MI+No Stress), and MI followed by stress group (MI+Stress). MI+Stress group rats were raised for a two month recovery period after the operation, followed by being exposed to restraint stress for 2 hours per day for 1 week. Electrocardiogram was recorded after the operation and the last day after 1 week of stress. The frequency components of HRV were calculated in the frequency domain such as VLF, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and so on. In HRV analysis, standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals (SDNN) was significantly reduced in both groups compared to the control group. VLF and LF also were significantly reduced in MI+Stress group compared to the control groups. In addition, BNP expression in western blotting was shown the strongest bands in MI+ Stress group among experimental groups. These results suggest that BNP and HRV were aggravated by stress in MI rat model. (Korean J Str Res 2010;18:275∼285)

국가 음악과 교육과정에 기초한 초·중등학교 음악예술프로그램 적용

석문주,권덕원,최은식,최미영,김명숙,박장미,손미현,정지혜 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육과학연구소 2011 교육과학연구 Vol.42 No.2

In order to increase opportunities for students to enjoy the musical arts, it is necessary to develop musical arts programs that are based on students’ interests and the national (or provincial) curriculum, that can be systematically and effectively supported by teachers. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to develop those musical arts, carry out the programs in one elementary school and one middle school from October to December 2011, and analyze each implementation. For the analysis, lesson videos, students’ worksheets, in-depth interviews with students, teachers, and teaching artists, and lesson plans were collected. The conclusions and implications are as follows: 1) the role and meaning of musical arts programs based on national curriculum were more highlighted; 2) students could have great depth of aesthetic experience by the means of direct contact with professional musicians and concrete musical experience; 3) the role of music mediators and its importance was magnified; 4) there was a positive change in the musical preferences and attitudes of students with regard to the musical artsprograms. 본 연구는 학생들의 음악 예술 향수기회 확대를 위해 학생들의 흥미와 국가 교육과 정을 중심으로 하는 ‘현장성’, 교사들의 음악 교육을 효과적으로 지원할 수 있는 ‘체계성’, 그리고 음악 예술 전문가들과 학교 사이에 꾸준히 실행될 수 있는 ‘지속성’을 갖춘 음악예술프로그램을 2010년 10월부터 12월까지 초등학교와 중학교에 적용하고 그 결과를 분석하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 수업 동영상, 학생 활동지, 학생과 교사 심층인터뷰, 강사 인터뷰, 수업안 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결론은 첫째, 국가 교육과정을 반영한 음악 예술프로그램의 역할과 의미가 더욱 확장되었다. 둘째, 음악가들과의 직접적인 만남과 구체적인 예술적 체험을 통하여 학생들은 이전과 비교될 수 없는 ‘깊이 있는 미적 경험’을 하게 되었다. 셋째, 음악메디에이터의 역할이 부각되었다. 넷째, 음악예술프로그램을 통하여 학생들에게 음악에 대한 삶의 변화가 있었다.

첨가재료별 증편의 가공 적성 검토

최영희,전화숙,강미영 동아시아식생활학회 1996 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The sensory and instrumental characteristics of Jeung-pyun made from various additives were investigated to improve the quality of Jeung pyun and to know the effects of additives on Jeung-pyun preparation. In sensory evaluation of Jeung-pyun made from various additives, hardness was significantly lower by addition of soy bean flour, whole milk powder, and egg yolk. The cell uniformity of Jeung-pyun was significantly lower by addition of egg yolk and mugwort. And the degree of bitterness Jeung-pyun containing soy bean flour and mugwort flour were significantly higher than that of control. Retrogradation of Jeung-pyun assessed from DSC thermogram and hardness measured by texturometer was delayed by addition of soy bean flour, and whole milk powder.

골반염에 의한 요관 협착과 신우확장증 1예

김미영,문성택,김윤숙,전섭,최승도,선우재근,배동한 순천향의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.2

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고등학교 여자하키선수에 대한 체력 검사 기준의 타당도

최기수,전혜자,임미숙 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to confirm the validity of standards in physical fitness test for women high school field hockey players. The results from this study will establish a criterion-referenced standard to distinguish elite players form non-elite players of different performance level. Selected factors of physical fitness were muscular strength, power, agility, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance. And selected physical fitness tests were strength of right hand, strength of left hand, 40m sprint, Illinois agility run, sit and reach, 3,600m run. The result was initially analyzed whit one-way ANOVA to determine if this is any different performance level. The cut-off Scores were determined to establish a criterion-referenced standard of physical fitness test classified by performance level.

고춧가루내의 고추씨 함량이 김치발효와 항돌연변이 활성에 미치는 영향

최선미,전영수,이숙희,박건영 부산대학교 김치연구소 2002 김치의 과학과 기술 Vol.8 No.-

The fermentation characteristics such as pH, acidity, lactic acid bacterial counts and panel taste of kimchi, and antimutagenic activity of kimchi were studied when the kimchi prepared with different ratio of seed (S) pericarp (P) in red pepper powder and fermented at 15℃. The pHs of P:S = 9:1 kimchi and P:S = 7:3 kimchi decreased gradually during the kimchi fermentation, however, pHs of P:S = 5:5 kimchi and P:S = 3:7 kimchi decreased very fast during the fermentation. The counts of Leuconostoc sp were high in P:S = 9:1 kimchi and P:S = 7:3 kimchi but the levels were low in P:S = 5:5 kimchi and P:S = 3:7 kimchi. Whereas Lactobacillus sp counts were low in P:S = 9:1 kimchi and P:S = 7:3 kimchi, but the counts were high in P:S = 5:5 kimchi and P:S = 3:7 kimchi during the fermentation. P:S = 3:7 kimchi showed the highest prevalence in the panel taste of the kimchis and the P:S = 3:7 kimchi resulted in the lowest prevalence. The antimutagenic activities of the kimchi juices were studied by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and SOS chromotest using E. coil PQ37. As the ratio of the seed increased, the antimutagenicities increased. Among the kimchi samples, P:S = 5:5 kimchi significantly reduced (p<0.05) the mutagenicities induced by aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1) in Ames test and SOS response against N-methy1-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in SOS chromotest. From the results of the experiments, the P:S = 7:3 kimchi seems to be the best seed ratio of red pepper powder for the preparation of kimchi in terms of fermentation characteristics and antimutagenicity of the kimchi.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

SCORM 기반의 XML 학습 컨텐츠 검색 시스템

최병욱,송미숙,조정원 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2003 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.6 No.1

차세대 인터넷 표준 언어인 XML(eXtensible Markup Language)은 데이터(data)와 표현(presentation) 그리고 구조(Structure)가 구분되기 때문에 어느 환경에서나 재사용성이나 재구성이 용이한 장점을 보이고 있다. 본 논문에서는 XML 문서를 가상교육 시스템(Virtual Education System)의 멀티미디어 컨텐츠로 범위를 제한하여 사용자 위주의 효율적인 검색 시스템을 구현한다. 본 시스템에서는 가상교육 표준안으로 제안되고 있는 SCORM(Sharable Content Object Reference Model)에서 정치한 SCO(Sharable Content Object)단위의 메타데이터를 기반으로 컨텐츠를 설계하고 각 문서를 키워드, 엘리먼트, 애트리뷰트 단위로 색인한다. 또한 사용자 인터페이스에서 앨리먼트 검색화면을 구조적으로 구성해줌으로써 사용자가 DTD(Document Type Definition)fl 대한 사전지식 없이도 검색이 가능하며, XML-QL로 재구성된 XML 문서의 형태와 XSL(extensible markup language Stylesneet Language)을 이용한 HTML 형태의 두 가지 결과화면을 제시함으로써 사용자 선택의 폭을 넓혀준다. XML(eXtensible Markup Language), next generation internet standard language has the advantage of easy re-use and re-structure in other computing environment because it has the separate data, presentation and structure. In this paper, we implement the efficient retrieval system for the general user by limiting the XML documents on the multimedia learning contents for the virtual education system. The system design is based on SCO Metadata unit defined in SCORM as the proposed virtual education standard. Each XML documents has three indexes keyword, element and attribute. Also, it makes Possible to retrieve data without previous knowledge of the 078 by making the element retrieval screen structure for the user interface. And it gives the user various result screen formats such as XML and HTML by restructuring the retrieval result through XML-QL and XSL, respectively.

정체지역개발계획과정에 제기된 주민개발수요 분석 : 경북 문경지역을 중심으로 Case of the MoonKeung City

최외출,이미숙 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 1996 새마을지역개발연구 Vol.19 No.-

The purpose of this study analyzes the inhabitants' demands appeared in the D.P.P (Development Planning Process) that intend to stimulate the planned regional development for stagnant area economically as well as socially. Especially, once the Moon Keung city area was very thrived in coal mine. However, by changing in the use of energy resources, coal industry is declining in today. Tendency of the inhabitants' needs as follows; First, they want to leave for other cities if their city decline continuously in the future(See statistics, 72.4 percent will leave their own city). Second, the main reasons for leaving their city are, for example, unclear regional development in the future, scarce job opportunity and difficulties of the children education. Third, they also feel difficulty to use the social facilities, for example, traffic facilities, education facilities and medical facilities. Therefore, the inhabitants' needs should be accepted in planning for the regional development and considered in its implementation process in the future.

암환자를 위한 김치의 개발 : 1. 김치레시피조절에 의한 항돌연변이효과 증진연구 1. Studies on Enhancing Antimutagenic Effect of Kimchi by Changing the Recipe

최선미,전영수,이숙희,박건영 부산대학교 김치연구소 2002 김치의 과학과 기술 Vol.8 No.-

To develop kimchi for cancer patient, we studied on enhancing antimutagenic effect of kimchi by manipulating the recipe from the result of prevalence test on kimchi by cancer patients. According to the result of prevalence test, the patients wanted to reduce the level of red pepper powder and increase some sub-ingredients such as garlic and mustard compared to the standardized kimchi. The recipe-manipulated kimchi was fermented at 15℃ for 1 day and then ripened at 5℃ for several days up to pH 4.2~4.3. The antimutagenic effect of the methanol extracts of the kimchi was evaluated by using Ames mutagenicity test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Among the kimchi samples, CP_2-M kimchi (2.5% red pepper powder +7.5% mustard leaf added kimchi) exhibited higher inhibitory effect on the mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin B_1 in the Ames test. In vivo supravital staining micronucleus assay, anticlastogenic effect of the CP_2-M kimchi group was higher than that of the control group. The induction of chromosome aberration by mitomycin C was significantly suppressed by CP_2-M kimchi suggesting in post-treatment.