플라즈마를 이용한 무플럭스 무연 솔더링에 관한 연구

문준권,강경인,정재필 서울시립대학교정보기술연구소 2002 정보기술연구소 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Pb is considered to be eliminated from solder, due to its toxicity. Nowadays, in addition to lead free solder, flux is also considered as another harmful substance. Flux is necessary to removal of surface oxide of solders. However, residual flux which remains in the electronic parts after reflow, often cause corrosions of devices[2]. Furthermore, the rinses of flux are also regarded as contaminating substances[3]. So, a lot of interests are concentrated on the development of fluxless soldering process. Until now various fluxless soldering methods are introduced, and plasma treatment is one of them. In this study the influence plasma treatment on the bonded microstructure was investigated, and the plasma was applied for removing the surface oxide of solders. Sn-37Pb, Sn-3.5Ag solder balls are used for this experiments. The commercial automatic soldering machine of hot air blowing type was used for reflow, and solder bump on the Si wafer was formed by Ar+H₂plasma which is generated from plasma etcher. In order to know the influence of plasma treatment on microstructure and mechanical strength, the fracture surfaces of plasma treated one was compared with the non-plasma treated solder bump. Interface strength was measured with shear tester, and SEM was used for view of cross-section and fracture surface of specimens.

광범위 세공 피복 대퇴 주대를 사용한 고관절 재치환술의 단기 추시 결과 보고

문경호,강준순,조규정,이동주,정새롬 대한고관절학회 2004 Hip and Pelvis Vol.16 No.1

前腕部 經穴 取穴에서 骨度分寸法과 一夫法의 比較 硏究

박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.

Sn-Ag-Bi-In계에서의 Bi, In 첨가영향

김문일,문준권,정재필 서울시립대학교정보기술연구소 2001 정보기술연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

Sn-3Ag-8Bi-5In and Sn-X solders of intermediate melting point were investigated for the application of Pb-free solder. Even though In-contained solder is expensive, the melting temperature of this solder is lower than that of the Sn-Ag-Cu alloy. The melting temperature of the Sn-3Ag-8Bi-5In solder on this study is between 188 and 204℃. The results of the wetting test showed that the wetting force and the zero-cross-time of the Sn-3Ag-8Bi-5In solder to Cu-coupon were comparable to Sn-Pb eutectic. The solder ball, which has 0.5mm diameter, was set on the Au/Ni/Cu-pad of FR4-PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and reflowed with Rosin Mildly Activated (RMA)-flux in the air. The reflow temperature was set between 220 and 260℃, and the conveyor speed was between 0.6 and 0.9m/min. Then the shear strength and microstructure of the solder ball were evaluated with or without aging. The solder balls were aged at 110℃ for 860 hours. The shear strength of the Sn-3Ag-8Bi-5In solder ball reflowed at 220∼260℃ was about 410∼540gf as soldered state and it showed same level as Sn-37Pb. The shear strength increased rapidly after aging, about 25% for the first 96 hours of aging. After that, the shear strength became almost constant, with the value of 600gf. Shear strength of Sn-X alloys showed similar values as Sn-37Pb.

건일로딘 정(미결정에토돌락 200 ㎎)에 대한 에토돌 정의 생물학적동등성

이정애,이윤영,조태섭,박영준,문병석,김호현,이예리,이희주,이경률 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.4

A bioequivalence of Etodol™ tablets (Yuhan corporation) and Kuhnillodine™ tablets (Kuhnil Pharm, Co., Ltd.) was evaluated according to the guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Single 200 ㎎ dose of etodolac of each medicine was administered orally to 24 healthy male volunteers. This study was performed in a 2×2 cross-over design. Concentrations of etodolac in human plasma were monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography. AUCt (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. C_(max) (maximum plasma drug concentration) and T_(max) (time to reach C_(max)) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was performed using logarithmically transformed AUCt and C_(max). No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters. The 90% confidence intervals of the AUCt ratio and the C_(max) ratio for Etodol™/Kuhnillodine™ were 1.01 - 1.10 and 0.87 - 1.06, respectively. This study demonstrated a bioequivalence of Etodol™ and Kuhnillodine™ with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.

한국인의 식생활 변화 추이 조사를 통한 영양 개선 방안

이명희,문수재,이민준,김정현 培材大學校 1997 培材論叢 Vol.2 No.-

본 연구에서는 현재까지 진행되어 왔던 국민 영양 조사 보고를 종합하여 한국인의 식생활 행태 변화에 대한 결과를 종적, 횡적으로 분석해 봄으로써 한국인의 영양문제를 파악해 보고자 하였으며, 여기에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 우리나라 국민 1인 1일당 에너지 섭취는 70년대까지는 증가하다가 그후 서서히 감소하는 경향이었으며 당질 섭취량은 감소하는 반면 지방 섭취량은 80년대 이전부터 조금씩 증가하기 시작하여 80년대 후반기에 이르러 그 변화가 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 곡류로 부터 얻는 열량의 비는 70년대에 82.1%에서 90년대에는 65.8%로 당질 위주의 식사에서 탈피하였다. 단백질 섭취량의 연차적 변화는 동물성 급원에서 얻는 비율이 증가하여 질적 향상을 나타냈다. 무기질중 칼슘의 섭취량은 계속 증가는 하고 있으나 권장량 수준에 미달되고 있으며, 철분의 경우는 섭취량이 꾸준히 증가하여 80년대 전반기에 이미 권장량 이상을 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 비타민 A는 변동의 폭이 많아 일관된 변화 양상을 볼 수 없었으며 티아민, 나이아신과 비타민 C는 권장량 이상을 섭취하고 있는 반면 리보플라빈은 연차적으로 우유 섭취의 증가와 함께 증가하여 권장량에 근접하는 섭취 양상을 나타내었다. For the last a few decades, Korea has experienced rapid economic growth, and the lifestyle of Koreans has become more westernized. Specially eating habit and food availability have changed so quickly. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the annual trend of food and nutrient intake, to evaluate the relationship between dietary pattern and the structure of disease and to define the groups that have the risk of nutritional problems. Until mid 1970s total calorie intake was provided by 75% from carbohydrate and less than 10% from fat. While total calorie intake was decreased since 1980, the composition of calorie sources has changed; calorie from fat and protein has increased and that of carbohydrate has decreased. The dietary pattern of the Korean population has rapidly changed with high intake of meat, fish and milk and low intake of cereals. With the change in dietary pattern, it could have been expected to change the major causes of death and morbidity rate.

경증과 중등증의 신부전을 동반한 진행성 당뇨병성 신병증 환자에서의 ACE 억제제와 안지오텐신Ⅱ 수용체 차단제 병합요법의 단기적 효과

임희정,이선영,박근호,강상용,송준호,이승우,김문재 대한간질학회 2003 대한간질학회지 Vol.9 No.2

신생아 이송에서의 저체온증

김향숙,정윤석,조준필,박문성,배기수 대한응급의학회 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Back Ground : Hypothermia is a condition that can lead to serious complications and even to death in newborn. Although the temperature control is essential in neonatal care, it is often neglected during urgent transfer from local private hospitals. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes of transfer induced neonatal hypothermia. Subjects and Method : In this retrospective study, subject is limited to transferred outborn babies with age less than 27 hours from June 1996 to May 1999. A total of 3,086 patients were admitted in NICU during the study period and inborn and outborn babies were 1,743(56%) and 1,343(44%) respectively. Among the 1,343 outborn babies, 212 babies were transferred from the private hospital within 24 hours of birth and were eligible for the study. Rectal temperature on arrival, transfer time, birth weight, gestational age, initial arterial gas study, and clinical outcome were compared. Statistical analysis has been done with chi-sqaure test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results : There were 84 cases(39.6%) hypothermia(<36℃) among the 212 babies and the rate of hypothermia in transfered babies have not decreased over the study period. There were significantly more hypothermia in lower gestational age (less than 28 weeks) and lower birth weight (less than 2,000gm) caused hypothermia significantly more than normal gestational age or normal range of birth weight. And time interval (less than 12 hour) from birth to arrival at emergency department was also significant factor in hypothermia. The mortality rate was three fold higher in hypothermia than normothermic or hyperthermic babies. Conclusion: This study shows that hypothermia during neonate transportation is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in prehopital care. Body temperature control during transport of neonates under 24 hours of age should be emphasized for the better outcome of treatment.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

간수, 기문혈의 당귀 약침자극이 acetaminophen으로 유발된 흰쥐의 손상간에 미치는 영향

박경미,문진영,안준철,최미정,남경수,임종국 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1996 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.5 No.-

This study was done in order to investigate the protective effects of A.G.R.(Angelicae gigantis Radix) aqua-acupuncture on acetaminophen induced liver damage in rats. The liver damage was induced by acetaminophen (500mg/kg) injection into the peritoneum. The A.G.R. aqua-acupuncture solution was injected into the corresponding loci to Ganshu(BL_(18)) and Qimen(LR_(14)) of human body and a blank locus of the root of tail on four consecutive times at 0, 3, 6, and 12 hours after acetaminophen injection. And the serum GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP activities, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin levels were measured in the rats, The serum GOT, GPT, LDH ALP activities and bilirubin level were decreased comparing with that of a control group in case of A.G.R. aqua-acupuncture treated group, specially Ganshu and Qimen aqua-acupuncture treated groups showed an obvious significant decrease.