노인에서 신체질환과 불면증 간의 전향적 연관성

김재민,김성완,양수진,김선영,배경열,조준영,윤탁,신일선,윤진상 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.5

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the associations between physical disorders and prevalent/incident insomnia m a community dwelling older population. Methods : 1,204 people aged 65 or over evaluated at baseline. Insomnia was defined as difficulty in initiation or maintenance of sleep on at least three nights per week over the last month. Reported physical disorders covering 11 common and generally chronic health problems were ascertained. Covariates included were age, gender, education, housing, Past occupation, current employment, and depression. Of 879 without insomnia at baseline, 651 (74%) were followed 2 years later, and incident insomnia was evaluated. Results : Prevalent insomnia was significantly associated with 10 of 11 physical disorders. Incident insomnia was associated with 2 physical disorders : eyesight problems and hearing difficulty. Both prevalent and incident insomnia were significantly associated with increased number of physical disorders. Conclusion : Certain physical disorders were comorbid and precipitating factors of insomnia in elders.

Associations of serotonergic genes with poststroke emotional incontinence

Kim, Jae‐,Min,Stewart, Robert,Kang, Hee‐,Ju,Bae, Kyung‐,Yeol,Kim, Sung‐,Wan,Shin, Il‐,Seon,Kim, Joon‐,Tae,Park, Man‐,Seok,Cho, Ki‐,Hyun,Yoon, Jin‐ John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY Vol.27 No.8

<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Poststroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) has been associated with serotonergic dysfunction. Polymorphisms of serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) and serotonin 2a receptor (5‐HTR2a) genes may regulate serotonergic signaling at brain synapses, and this study was to investigate associations with PSEI in an East Asian population.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In 276 stroke cases, PSEI was diagnosed by Kim's criteria. Covariates included age, gender, education, history of depression or stroke, current depression, and stroke severity and location. Genotypes were ascertained for 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region (5‐HTTLPR), serotonin transporter intron 2 variable number tandem repeat, 5‐HTR2a 1438A/G, and 5‐HTR2a 102 T/C. Associations with PSEI were estimated by using logistic regression models, and gene–gene interactions were investigated by using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>PSEI was present in 37 (13.4%) patients. The 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region <I>s</I>/<I>s</I> genotype was independently associated with PSEI. No associations with STin2 VNTR and 5‐HTR2a genes were found, and no significant gene–gene interactions were identified.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Stroke patients with 5‐HTTLPR <I>s</I> allele had higher susceptibility to PSEI, which underlines the potential role of serotonergic pathways in its etiology. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

수출입 컨테이너 장치장 배정을 위한 소프트웨어의 개발

김갑환,김홍배,홍봉희,김기영,배종욱,최진오,김두열,이영기,박영만,박강태,손행대 한국경영과학회 1995 經營 科學 Vol.12 No.3

The Pusan Container Terminal faces a rapid increase in berthing time of container ships as well as in waiting time of external trucks, which is due to an absolute lack of yard space. This research is focused on the development of a decision support system for the planning of the container terminal yard assignment so that the yard space would be utilized most effectively. Efforts should be given to the reasonable assignment of the yard storage and the dynamic adaptation to the ever changing environment. The software introduced here is based o the know-how of the field exports and its framework takes the approach of the hierarchical decision making.

張元素의 生涯와 醫學思想

金容辰,尹暢烈 대한한의학원전학회 1990 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.4 No.-

Geum-Won dynasty is the era which totalized the every medical attainments of before Song dynasty and appeared some medical practioners who found new medical theory based upon this, and is important time for various developments of the oriental medical theory. At this time of the era, the representative practioners are called the four noted physician of Geum-Won dynasty. Jang Won-So who influenced the formation of the theory of the four noted physician of Geum-Won dynasty, originated new theory by joining the theory of 「Nae-Gyung」 with his own medical experience. The results can be summarized as follows after studying his life and idea of medicine. 1. Jang Won-So, courtesy name is Gyeol-Go, came from Yeog-Joo and it is unknown that when he was born and dead, but he lived in 11C. At 27, after failed in a Jin-Sa examination, he started medical study, and widely spreaded his medical art by healing the Yoo Wan-So's Sang-Han disease. 2. There are many Jang Won-So's writings, such as 「Eui-Hag-Gye-Won」 which is the condensation of his idea of medicine, 「Jin-Joo-Nang」 which is greatly contributed to development of Herbology, 「Jang-Boo-Pyo-Bon-Han-Yeol-Heol-Sil-Yong-Yag-Sig」 which is the sample of Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung-Lon-Chi, and 「Yag-Joo-Nan-Gyung」 「Gyeol-Go-Ga-Jin」 「Gyeol-Go-Joo-Sug-Hwa-Mag-Myeol」 「Gyeol-Go-Bon-Cho」 「San-Yog-Bo-Sang-Bang」 which are known do not existing. 3. Jang Won-So's study about Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung was influenced by 「Nae-Gyung」 「Jung-Jang-Gyung」 「So-A-Yag-Jeung-Jig-Gyeol」 etc. and outline by Han-Yel-Heo-Sil and the change and prognosis of the state of disease can be decided by Saeng-Sa-Yeong-Soon, so he contribute to development of Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung-Lon-Chi of posterity. 4. Jang Won-So succeeded and develope the theory of the herbs of Oh-Jang-Go-Yog-Bo-Sa and about Ki-Mi-Seung-Gang-Boo-Chim etc. appeared on 「Nae-Gyung」, especially invented such as Kwi-Gyung-Lon, In-Gyeung-Bo-Sa-Seol, Jang Boo-Pyo-Bon-Yag-Sig and he enriched the content of pharmacological theory, so he motivated various development of herbalogical theory. 5. Jang Won-So's idea of On-Yang-Bi-Wi directly influence Lee Go's assertion of Bi-Wi-Lon, idea of Go-Geum-I-Gue-Seol presented theological basis of posterior medical practioners formation of prescription, so the way of drug usage greatly developed. 6. Jang Won-So's theory of the Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung and herbology directly influenced to Lee Go, Wnag Ho-Go, Na Chen-Ik, Jang Byeok etc. so he became the father of Yeog-Soo class and indirectly influenced to Seol Gi, Jo Hen-Ga, Jang Gae-Bin, Lee Jung-Jae etc. of Myeng dynasty, so the On-Bo class has been formed. Like this, because, his idea of medicine developed at various aspect and greatly influenced to posterity, Lee Si-Jin said "Since the emergency of 「Nae-Gyung」, Jang Won-So is the only man who greatly enhance medical principle." so it is clear that this is not unfounded expression at all.

백서 척수후근절로부터 슈반세포의 효과적인 체외 배양법

김성민,이종호,김남열,안강민,최원재,최시호,차미주,이주영,황순정,장정원,명훈,최진영,서병무,정필훈,김명진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.4

Schwann cells(SCs), an important component of the peripheral nervous system, intract with nerous to mutually support growth and replication for the peripheral nerve regentation. Recently, ading SCs to the lumen of guidance channel is widely tried to improve regeneration or to make regeneration possible over otherwise irreparable gaps. however, it is not easy to isolate and multiplicate SCs as much as enough to help the axonal regeneration. For the allogeneic SCs source for tubular nerve guidance, we developed a little bit improved technique of harvesting and multiplicating SCs. by culturing dispersed dorsal root ganglia in specially designed medium with growth factors and serial processing, we repeatedlly generate relatively homogenous SC cultures. Our technique was compared with other methods of literature using immunostaining methods such as GFAP, S100, BDNF and the total SC count assessment at different time interval after primary culture.

후6점이후 중국의 양안정책 변화

김진열 ( Jin Yeol Kim ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2013 中國硏究 Vol.58 No.-

Through the 3-step strategic adjustment for the reunification with Taiwan for the last 60 years, the Chinese leadership enacted the political initiative called ``One China, Two Systems`` in a way of combining both principle steadfastness and strategic flexibility of cross-strait unification. In such a policy process of cross-strait unification, ``Hu-Jintao`s Six-Point`` is the policy for Taiwan that Hu Jin-tao directly announced in the form of response as the Nationalist Party, who sympathized with ``One China`` principle in the Presidential Election in Taiwan in 2008, won a victory and the atmosphere of new flow is spread in terms of macroscopic perspective between China and Taiwan. However, it has double-sidedness, the negative evaluation that it is more extreme than ``Hu-Jintao`s Four-Point`` and ``Anti-Secession Law`` announced at the ruling Democratic Pro gressive Party in Taiwan and positive evaluation that cross-strait relations were replaced from peaceful reunification to peaceful development. ``Hu-Jintao`s Six-Point`` provided the driving force that makes exchanges between China and Taiwan more active. Also, the Chinese leadership of Hu-Jintao realized substantially various cross-strait measures to raise awareness on ``One China`` of Taiwan authorities and Taiwanese. ``One China`` is the ultimate goal of China`s national unity and premises the use of military force but Hu Jin-tao also thought equally as the past Chinese leadership did in terms that awareness on ``One China`` of Taiwan authorities and Taiwanese must be raised first for peaceful unification. The problem is that to maintain the governing position in the long term, Taiwan Nationalist Party may passively deal with the cross-strait issue in a certain degree in order to inhibit ``Taiwan independence`` power and meet the popular will of Taiwanese. Under such a situation of Taiwan Nationalist Party, this thesis attempts to analyze new cross-strait measures of Hu Jin-tao in three aspects with respect to ``Hu-Jintao`s Six-Point.``

新開墾地이 大豆에 대한 溶成燐肥 增施에 따른 加里施用의 效果

金鎭淇,黃南悅 全北大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

野山新開墾地土壤松汀統에서 光敎를 供時하여 溶成燐肥增施에 따른 加里增施效果에 關한 試驗結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 收量에서 燐酸吸收係數 5% 調節施用區에서는 C.E.C. 5%의 加里施用區에서 最高收量 252㎏/10a, 燐酸吸收係數 10% 調節施用區에서는 C.E.C. 10%의 加里施用區에서 最高收量 282㎏/10a을 각각 얻었다. 2. 加里施用量과 收量間의 相關에서는 燐酸 48㎏/10a 施用時 加里 19㎏/10a 水準에서 最高收量을 얻을 수 있는 相關을 보였다. 3. 溶成燐肥增加와 함께 加里를 增施할 때 收量이 계속 增大되지 않았으며 이는 溶燐中의 Ca와 Mg의 增施와 더불어 加里가 多量施用됨으로써 鹽類가 蓄積되어 生理的障碍에 依한 것으로 思料된다. 4. 最高收量을 얻을 수 있는 加里活性度 (K/ √Ca+Mg)는 0.144로써 統計的인 有意性이 認定되었다. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of potassium application with fused phosphate to newly reclaimed soil (Song jeong Series) on soybean. The results are summarized as follows. 1. 5% phosphate absorption coefficient(P.A.C) with 5% cation exchange capacity(C.E.C) and 10% P.A.C. with 10% C.E.C. showed maximum yields being 10% and 19% increase in yield than non-treatment respectively. 2. Application of 19㎏/10a potassium with 48㎏/10a phosphate and 25㎏/10a potassium with 101㎏/10a phosphate could show highest soybean yields on newly reclaimed soil through regression equation of phosphate and potassium. 3. Increased fused phosphate and potassium applied to the reclaimed soil were not followed with increased yield in parallel presumably on account of salt injury of fused phosphate and potash. 4. Between yield and potassium were high correlation and the maximum yield coincided with 0.144 potassium activity degree(K/ √Ca+Mg).

하천환경정비 기본계획에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 적용 예, 경천을 대상으로 하여 Application Example, Kyungcheon Stream

김진홍,황의열 광주대학교 1997 産業技術硏究 Vol.9 No.-

본 연구에서는 하천환경정비 기본계획에서 언급했던 기본 이론과 고려 사항들을 실제로 대상 하천에 적용하는 것으로 하였다. 어류 서식 및 피난처에 적합한 여울과 웅덩이를 조성하기 위해 돌무덤과 돌보를 설치하였으며, 홍수시 어류 보호를 위해 피난처를 조성하고, 어류 이동을 위해 어도를 설치하며, 수질정화와 수생 생태계 보존을 위해 식생정화시설을 설치하였고, 징검다리와 산책로 등의 친수시설과 체육시설 및 제방에 수목과 화채를 조성하였다. 또한 이들 시설에 대해 홍수시 토사퇴적을 고려하여 유지관리 대책을 수립하였다. In this study, basic theories and general considerations on the environmental river works were applied to the Kyungcheon Stream. Stone paving and stone weir were installed for the fish habitat, and fish shelters were also installed for the fish protection against the flood attack. Fishway for the immigration of fish and water purification system using vegetation for water quality and for conservation of aquatic plants were constructed. Water front facilities and their maintenance systems considering the sediment deposit of flood flow were also established in this study.

고분자 튜브 압출성형기의 Braker Plate 구조 개선에 관한 연구

김재열,최진호,박대광 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

Many experiments and various simulation techniques are used for the analysises of models used for extrusion modeling in these days. Especially the 3-dimensional technique is used widely among them. We usually use the 3-dimensional technique because the simple 2-dimensional analytical technique can't perform the analysis of the model which has complicated shape structure. As a result, the 3-dimensional technique is used for the extrusion molding of complicated structure, measurement of friction and density, and appiled mechanism of polymer resin. The Braker Plate, key subject of this article, is added to the extruder for extrusion molding of polymer resin. This Braker plate plays the important role to convert the rotation motion of polymer resin passing the screw into the linear motion before passing the dice. Also, Braker Plate's round hole size and number affects the extrusion molding of polymer resin directly. But these Structural improvements and analysises of Braker Plate are hardly studied. This study will achieve the structural improvements through 3-D modeling and ensure the produceable stability by carrying dynamic Characteristic through CFdesign, heat/flow analysis program.

UV-TiO₂광촉매 반응기를 이용한 미생물의 살균효과

김시욱,이정섭,정해광,박열,윤성명,유진철,이범규,이인화,박진열 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 1998 環境公害硏究 Vol.14 No.-

UV-TiO_(2) 반응기를 이용하여 Escherichia coli와 Aspergillus oryzae var. oryzae의 살균효과를 측정하였다. 254 ㎚에서 최대 14 watt의 자외선 방출량을 내는 램프를 원형 Pyrex유리관 중앙에 설치하였고 TiO_(2)는 석영관에 박막증착(Thin Film Coating)된 형태와 슬러리 형태로 나누어 회분식으로 살균정도를 측정하였다. E. coli에 대한 살균력은 1.7× 10^(7) cells/㎖에 대해 5분간 자외선 조사를 하였을 경우 2.0× 10^(2) cells/㎖으로 감소하였고, 자외선 조사와 함께 슬러리 형태의 TiO_(2)를 첨가하였을 경우에는 3.4× 10 cells/㎖으로, 자외선 조사와 함께 TiO_(2)가 석영관에 박막증착된 경우에는 7.6× 10^(2) cells/㎖으로 감소하였다. 한편 위와 같은 조건에 유리관 하부에서 기포를 주입후 11분 동안 자외선을 조사시킨 경우에는 1.3× 10^(2) cells/㎖으로, 자외선 조사와 함께 슬러리 형태의 TiO_(2)를 첨가하였을 경우에는 1× 100 cells/㎖으로, 자외선 조사와 함께 TiO_(2)가 박막증착된 경우에는 7.9× 10 cells/㎖을 나타내었다. 결국 UV-TiO_(2) 반응기에 사용되는 TiO_(2)가 슬러리 형태일 때 최대 살균효과를 나타내었으나 기포가 첨가되었을때는 오히려 살균에 장애를 받는 것으로 나타난 반면 석영관에 박막증착된 경우에는 기포가 첨가되는 것이 살균에 효과적인 것으로 관찰되었다. The killing effect of UV-TiO_(2) photocatalytic system on the Escherichia coli DH5-慣 and Aspergillus oryzae var. oryzae (KCTC 6095) was studied. The UV lamp which emits maximum 14 watts at 254 nm was set on the center of pyrex round glass tube. Two types of TiO_(2), one of which is slurry and another which is thin film coated form, were used to determine the killing effect. When UV was irradiated to 1.7 * 10^(5) cells/??of E. coli for 11 min, the living cell number decreased to 4.0 * 1.0^(0) cells/?? The effect of UV system together with slurried TiO_(2) was less than 1 cells/?? whereas that of UV-coated TiO_(2) system decreased to 7.1 * 10^(3) cells/?? To study the effect of bubble on the killing of microorganisms, air was bubbled to the bottom of glass tube. When 1.7 * 10^(5) cells/??were exposed to UV for 11 min in combination with air bubble, the living cell number decreased to 1.3 x 10^(2) cells/?? In the same condition except the addition of slurried TiO_(2), the living cells were 1 * 10^(2) cells/?? However, more cells could be killed by the system which consists of UV, coated TiO_(2), and air bubble (7.9 * 10^(1) cells/??. From these results, it was found that UV-slurried system is the most effective one, but its killing effect is not stimulated by air bubble. However, bubbling was very effective in the UV-coated TiO_(2) system.