김정은 체제의 구축과 변화전망

박종문 ( Jong Moon Park ) 이실학회(구 한국경찰이론과실무학회) 2012 경찰연구논집 Vol.10 No.-

북한을 철권통치 했던 김정일이 사망하면서 아들인 김정은이 3대 권력을 세습하였다. 3년이라는 짧은 후계수업 기간과 권력기반마저 미약하여 많은 우려를 자아냈으나, 현재까지 별다른 어려움 없이 최고사령관과 당 제1비서, 당 중앙군사위원장, 국방위원회 제1위원장으로 추대되면서 북한의 최고 지도자가 되었다. 김정은은 아버지와 달리 TV생중계와 공개연설 그리고 스킨십 등으로 대중 친화적이고 새로운 정치스타일을 보이면서 긍정적인 북한의 변화를 예측하게 하는 한편 공개연설을 통해 김일성 주체사상과 김정일의 선군정치를 계승·발전시켜 군사강국·경제강국을 달성하겠다는 다짐과 장거리 미사일을 발사하고 핵개발을 포기하지 않을 것이라는 입장을 보이고 있다. 앞으로 김정은은 체제 안정을 위하여 대내적으로 군부세력을 관리하고 당의 권한을 강화시켜 지도력을 강화하고, 주민의 생활을 개선과 경제난국을 타개하기 위한 경제정책을 펼칠 것이다. 대외적으로는 국제적인 고립을 피하고 정권의 존속을 위하여 절대적인 후원국인 중국과 협조관계를 공고히 하고, 미국에 대해서는 한국을 배제한 채 강온정책으로 평화협정 채결과 경제지원을 받기 위해 노력할 것이다. 또 한국에 대해서는 이명박 정부의 ``원칙 있는 대북정책``에 극도로 반감을 표출하고 있어 현 정권에서는 대남강경정책을 펼치다가 차기 정부와는 새로운 돌파구를 찾을 것으로 보인다. 특히 2012년은 한국의 대통령 선거를 비롯한 한반도 주변 주요국들의 정권교체가 있는 해로서 김정은 체제의 안정성과 향후 대내외정책에 따라 동북아와 한반도의 평화에 절대적인 영향을 미칠 것이다. 따라서 북한의 대내외 정책 변화를 신속정확하게 파악하고 국제사회와 긴밀한 협력으로 김정은의 군사적 모험주의에 대비하고 북한의 경제 개선전략을 지원함으로써 갈등과 대립에서 협력과 공동번영의 한반도로 거듭나야 할 것이다. Immediately after his father Kim Jong-il`s death, the younger Kim Jong-un was hailed as “the great successor”. Even though some of experts expressed their concerns that Kim Jong-un took only 3-year-class to be a successor and his political background was not strong enough, without any difficulty, he has held the titles of the First Secretary of the Workers` Party of Korea, the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, First Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea and the Supreme Commander of the Korean People`s Army. And also he was officially declared the supreme leader of North Korea. 57) Kim Jong-un shows that he has new and public-friendly style of leadership which is different from that of his father. This implicates that North Korea will change in a positive way. He made his first public speech as North Korea marked the 100th anniversary of the birthday of Kim Il-sung on 15 April, praising the “military first” doctrine and emphasizing the need of economic growth. A few months into his leadership, North Korea launched a long-range missile which it said would put a satellite into orbit. It shows that Kim Jong-un will not give up reinforcing North Korea`s nuclear capability. In the future, Kim Jong-un will control military authorities, strengthen his leadership and push ahead economic policy to overcome financial difficulties internally. Externally, he will cement friendly relations which have existed between North Korea and China to avoid international isolation and maintain his regime. In addition, he will try to conclude a peace treaty between North Korea and the United States and demand economic aid. Regarding South Korea, Kim Jong-un has antagonism toward policy of Lee Myung-bak administration on North Korea. Therefore he has taken his hard-lined offensive movements against South Korea and he may shift to more moderate policy toward South Korea in the next government. In particular, there will be some of important events this year, such as an upcoming presidential election in South Korea and change of government in other neighboring countries. The stability and internal/external policy of North Korea will have a strong influence on peace of Northeast Asia and Korean peninsular. In conclusion, South Korea should analyze the whole situation of North Korea promptly and accurately, cooperate with the U.S., China and the International Society, develop national security strategy against Kim Jong-un`s “military first” doctrine and support the economic development plan of North Korea. By doing so, the relationship between South Korea and North Korea will be improved for the better.

老齡者의 建康을 위한 生活習慣 實態調査

申東敏,長鳳愚,李揆文,金賢俊,金昌範,崔宗洙,崔鍾晥,李鍾珏,金圭碩,趙庚旭,金鍾聲,朴鍾振 平生體育硏究所 論文集 1987 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

With a view to examining the habit and method in which old people maintain and improve their health, we consulted 551 men and 444 women who were over 65 years old, and concluded as follows: 1. Habit of eating It's been revealed that most of the old people keep a regular eating hour, control the quantity of meal or eat a little food, and prefer vegetables to meat. 2. Mental health Old people feel the necessity for mental health and most of them (about 80%) keep good mental health without becoming pessimistic. Their chief concenrs have turned out to be about their sons and daughters and their own health and finance. 3. Managing Good Health It has been revelaed that old people do not possess any special kind of secret to keep good health but taking plenty of rest, regular meal, and proper exercise, and many of them (about 60%) have been shown to eat invigorant food that they can easily get around their living area. 4. Physical Functions It has been revealed that many old people are conscious of some symptoms about their parts of body and about to percent of them suffers from neuralgia. Some measures like medical aid especially for old people need to be taken as soon as possible. As we have found that the health-keeping method of old people consists plenty of rest, proper exercise, and appropriate nutrition, we can conclude that the recreatonal and culture facilities and programs for keeping old people in good health should be developed. It is also necessary to study food that contribute to their health and develop ways to get rid of the stresses to which they are exposed in their daily life. Presides, it is natural that government found an administrative department to deal with these matters effectively.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

부산시 공장지역·주거지역 하천의 수질특성분석

문종익,임영석,박광현,김석택,성낙창,박출재 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 硏究報告 Vol.23 No.1

This study is carried out to investigate the water quality changes in Busan Metropolitan streams. The results are as follows. In Busan Metropolitan streams, the loading rates of contaminants are greater in industrial waste water streams than domestic waste water streams. Some sampling points show a little high loading in autumn, but this needs more investigation to make clear the causes. The level of organic contaminants(BOD_(5) and COD_(MN)) is found to be low and does not show seasonal variation in domestic waste water streams. But, the level of organic contaminants in industrial waste water streams is relatively high and seems to be seasonally variable, which is affected by other factors. The nutrient materials, such as nitrogen(as T-N, about 20mg/L) and phosphorus(as T-P, about 2.0mg/L), are abundant than Nak Dong River and the general trends of contaminants level are similar to those of organic contaminants.

Increased expression of P53 and Bax in the spinal cords of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomylitis

문창종,김승준,위명복,김희석,정종태,박전홍,지영흔,Tanumab, Naoyuki,Matsumoto, Yoh,신태균 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 2000 動物科學論叢 Vol.15 No.1

The expression of pro-apoptotic molecules, p53 and Bax, in the spinal cord of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was examined. Apoptosis was confirmed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. TUSEL (+) apoptotic cells were mainly either ED1 (+) macrophages or T-cells in the parenchyma of E N . Western blot analysis showed that both p53 and Bax expression significantly ( p < 0.01) increased in the spinal cords of EAE rats at the peak stage, and thereafter declined. An immunohistochemical study showed that inflammatory cells (notably T cells) in the parenchyma express p53 and Bax, while brain cells, includng neurons and glia, were devoid of these nuclear staining of these molecules. The nuclear expression of p53 largely matches apoptotic cells in the parenchyma of EAE. These finchngs suggest that pro-apoptotic molecules, p53 and Bax, may play an important role in eliminating T cells in the parenchyma in EAE.

국소 광적응 기능을 가지는 윤곽검출용 32×32 방사형 CMOS 시각칩의 설계 및 제조

박대식,박종호,김경문,이수경,김현수,김정환,이민호,신장규 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.2

국소 광적응 기능을 가지는 윤곽검출용 시각칩을 픽셀수 32x32의 방사형 구조로 CMOS 공정기술을 이용하여 설계 및 제조하였다. 생체의 망막은 넓은 범위의 입력 광강도에 대해서 물체의 윤곽을 검출할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 시세포, 수평세포, 쌍극세포로 이루어진 망막의 윤곽검출 기능을 모델링하여 윤곽검출용 인공시각칩을 설계하였다. 국소 광적응을 위해, 입력 광강도에 따라 수용야의 크기를 국소적으로 바뀌게 하였다. 아울러 단위셀을 방사형으로 배치함으로써 영상데이터의 양을 감소시킴과 동시에 칩의 중심부분으로 갈수록 해상도가 높아지도록 설계하였다. 설계된 칩은 0.6 ㎛ double-poly triple-metal 표준 CMOS 공정기술을 이용하여 제조되었으며. HSPICE 시뮬레이션으로 성능을 최적화 시켰다. A 32x32 pixels foveated (linear-polar) stucture retina chip with the function of local-light adaptation for edge detection has been designed and fabricated using CMOS technology. Human retina can detect a wide range of light intensity. In this study, we use the biologically-inspired visual signal processing mechanism that consists of photoreceptors, horizontal cells, and bipolar cells in order to implement the function of edge detection in the retina chip. For a local-light adaptive function, the size of receptive field is changed locally according to the input light intensity. The spatial distribution of sensing pixels in the foveated retina chip has the advantages of selective reduction of image data and good resolution in central part to carry out the elaborate image processing with still enough resolution in the outer parts. The designed chip has been fabricated using standard 0.6 ㎛ double-poly triple-metal CMOS technology and optimized using HSPICE simulator.

극좌표계를 이용한 구륜이동로보트의 기구학 모델 변환과 기준모델 적응제어에 기초한 경로추적 제어기 설계

문종우,김종수,박세승 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2002 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.2

This paper presents the kinematic model and the design of a model-reference adaptive controller for wheeled-mobile robots(WMRs) with 2 d.o.f. We derive the forward kinematics and the inverse kinematics to calculate the wheel-velocity and body-velocity. The controlled variables are represented in the polar coordinate so that the number of the controlled variable can be reduced to the same number as the control input. A controller is proposed for path tracking, and then controller parameters are modified by adaptation law based on model-reference adaptive control(MRAC) each step. The designed adaptive controller is analyzed, and its stability and convergence are proved. Simulation is conducted to evaluate the control system and the results are shown.

구륜이동로봇의 모델링과 Time-Scaling 기법을 이용한 경로추적

문종우,김종수,박세승 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2003 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.1

In this paper are presented kinematic and dynamic modeling and path-tracking of four-wheeled mobile robots with 2 d o f having the limited drive-torques Controllability of wheeled-mobile robots is revealed by using the kinematic model Instantaneously coincident coordinate cystem, force/torque propagation and Newton s equilibrium law are used to induce the dynamic model When drive-torques generated by inverse dynamics exceed the limitation, we make wheeled-mobile robots follow the reference path by modifying the planned reference trajectory with time-scaling. The controller is introduced to compensate for error owing to modeling uncertainty and measurement noise. And simulation results prove that method proposed by this paper is efficient.

MRAC를 이용한 2 자유도 구륜 이동로보트의 경로추적

문종우,김원규,박종국 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 1997 자연과학논문집 Vol.3 No.-

본 논문은 2 자유도 구륜 이동로보트의 기구학 모델과 기준모델 적응제어기 설계를 다루었다. 구륜 속도와 본체 속도를 계산하기 위하여 정기구학(forward kinematics)과 역기구학(inverse kinematics)를 유도하였으며, 제어변수의 수와 제어입력의 수가 동일하게 되도록 제어변수를 극좌표로 변환하였다. 구륜 이동로보트의 경로추적을 위한 제어기를 제안하였으며, 제어기 매개변수는 기준모델 적응제어(reference-model adaptive control, MRAC)에 기초한 적응법칙(adaptation law)에 의해 매 단계마다 갱신된다. 설계된 적응제어기를 분석하고, 제어 시스템의 안정성과 수렴성을 증명한다. 제어시스템의 유효성을 입증하기위해 모의실험을 수행하고, 그 결과를 제시한다. This paper presents the kinematic model and the design of a model-reference adaptive controller for wheeled-mobile robots(WMRs) with 2 d.0.f. We derive the forward kinematics and the inverse kinematics to calculate the wheel-velocity and body-velocity. The controlled variables are represented in the polar coordinate so that the number of the controlled variable can be reduced to the same number as the control input. A controller is proposed for path tracking, and then controller parameters are modified by adaptation law based on reference-model adaptive control(MRAC) each step. The adaptive controller is analyzed, and its stability and convergence are proved. Simulation is conducted to prove efficiency of the control system and the results are showed.

더덕 최소가공을 위한 세척, 박피공정 개선

박윤문,이종화 안동대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學技術 硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.-

본 연구는 회전형 brush-type의 더덕박피기 모델을 개발하여 박피효율과 미생물 제거 가능성을 타진하였고 오존수 병행 처리의 효과를 검토하였다. 실험적 규모로써 제작한 박피기는 brush의 강도가 약하고 전체적인 brush 축(박피공정 라인)이 짧아 박피효율이 수작업 대비 70% 수준으로 다소 낮게 나오는 것으로 추정되므로 현장에서 적용하는 실제 크기로 제작할 경우 brush 강도와 line의 길이에 대한 보완이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다. Brush-type 기계 박피 더덕은 외관상 색택이 검게 나타나 수작업 더덕에 비해 상품성이 낮게 평가되지만 육질의 경도가 높게 유지되고 미생물이 대부분 제거되므로 앞으로 박피 더덕에 대한 인식을 바꾼다면 본 연구에서 개발된 수준의 세척, 박피기를 보완하여 현장에서 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 다만 유통 중 사포닌 함량의 감소현상에 대한 연구가 보완되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Brush-type peeling machine for minimal process of lance Asia bell roots were developed and its peeling efficiency and removal potential of microorganism were evaluated in combination with ozonated water treatment. The brush-type model showed relatively low peeling efficiency around 70% suggesting that adjustment of brush strength, length of the line, and rotation power of the machine should be complemented. Marketability of mechanically-peeled roots were evaluated low because of poor appearance compared with hand-peeled roots. The roots, however, showed higher flesh firmness and were almost free of microorganism activity. The results indicated that brush-type peeling machine could be potentially used in the minimal processing industry provided that peeling efficiency is a little improved. Changes in consumers' concept of food quality is another prerequisite. Reduction in saponin content after mechanical peeling and ozonated water treatment is remained to be studied in detail.