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Assessment of single oral dose toxicity of collagen peptide from skate (Raja kenojei) skin
문창종,서흥식,박명규,성낙원,강근희,김상호,김중선,김성호,김종춘 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2023 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.24 No.3
Collagen peptides have garnered significant attention as functional foods across multiple fields due to their capacity to regulate physiological and hormonal processes, offering numerous advantages. However, despite their broad range of applications, comprehensive research on the potential toxicity of these substances remains lacking. Therefore, this study sought to assess the acute oral toxicity of a collagen peptide derived from skate (Raja kenojei) skin (CPSS) in both rats and dogs. In the rat model, CPSS was orally administered at doses of 300 and 2,000 mg/kg to Sprague-Dawley rats. An escalating single-dose oral toxicity assessment at doses of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg was carried out in beagle dogs with 3-day intervals between doses. Throughout the 14-day post-administration assessment period, clinical signs, mortality rates, changes in body weight, and necropsy observations were closely monitored. After oral administration, no signs of toxicity associated with CPSS were observed in either rats or dogs. Therefore, the oral LD50 (approximate lethal dose for 50% mortality) for CPSS in rats was determined to exceed 5,000 mg/kg, and the maximum tolerated dose for dogs was estimated to be above 2,000 mg/kg. Consequently, this study offers safety data on the use of CPSS in functional foods and medicinal applications.
문창종,김승준,위명복,김희석,정종태,박전홍,지영흔,Tanumab, Naoyuki,Matsumoto, Yoh,신태균 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 2000 動物科學論叢 Vol.15 No.1
The expression of pro-apoptotic molecules, p53 and Bax, in the spinal cord of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was examined. Apoptosis was confirmed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. TUSEL (+) apoptotic cells were mainly either ED1 (+) macrophages or T-cells in the parenchyma of E N . Western blot analysis showed that both p53 and Bax expression significantly ( p < 0.01) increased in the spinal cords of EAE rats at the peak stage, and thereafter declined. An immunohistochemical study showed that inflammatory cells (notably T cells) in the parenchyma express p53 and Bax, while brain cells, includng neurons and glia, were devoid of these nuclear staining of these molecules. The nuclear expression of p53 largely matches apoptotic cells in the parenchyma of EAE. These finchngs suggest that pro-apoptotic molecules, p53 and Bax, may play an important role in eliminating T cells in the parenchyma in EAE.
손바닥선인장(제주도 기념물 35호) 추출물이 면역계세포의 활성화에 미치는 영향
문창종,김승준,안미정,이선주,정규식,박상준,윤도영,최용경,신태균 한국생명과학회 2000 생명과학회지 Vol.10 No.4
Opuntia ficus-indca(Op) extract has been claimed to have several therapeutic properties in oriental medicine including anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects. Little is known of its effect on the activation of immune cells such as T cells and macrophages. To evaluate the functional effect of Op extract on immune cells, we examined whether Op extract stimulates the proliferation of T cells and the secretion of cytokines including IL-1 beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in THP-1 cell lines by RT-PCR. Op extract significantly enhanced the proliferation of T cell clone(D10S). Transcription of cytokines including IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha peaked 6 hrs after exposure to Op extract(100g/ml) in the THP-1 cell line and declined and declined thereafter. In an experiment to test the dose dependency of transcription of cytokines, transcription increased at a dose of 10 g/ml and the maximum expression was obtained at 100 g/ml, 6 hrs after exposure to Op extract. These findings suggest that Op extract is a potent stimulant of immune cells including T cells and macrophages, which acts by stimulating T cell proliferation and upregulating cytokines. These phenomena imply that some edible plants may be beneficial to living animals through the activation of immune functions.
자기면역성 뇌척수염에서 interleukin-1β converting enzyme의 발현
문창종,김승준,이용덕,신태균,Moon, Chang-jong,Kim, Seung-joon,Lee, Yong-duk,Shin, Tae-kyun 대한수의학회 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.3
To elucidate the involvement of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ converting enzyme (ICE) in the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we induced EAE by immunizing rats with an emulsion of rat spinal cord homogenate with complete Freund's adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra, 5mg/ml) and then examined the expression of ICE in the spinal cord of rats with EAE. In normal rat spinal cords, ICE is constitutively, but weakly, expressed in ependymal cells, neurons, and some neuroglial cells. In EAE, many inflammatory cells are positive for ICE, and the majority of ICE+ cells were identified as ED1+ macrophages. During this stage of EAE, the number of ICE+ cells in brain cells, including neurons and astrocytes, increased and these cells also had increased ICE immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that the upregulation of ICE in both brain cells and invading hematogenous cells is stimulated by a secretory product from inflammatory cells, and that this enzyme is involved in the pathogenesis of EAE via the production of IL-1 beta.
Cytotoxicity of gamma-ray in rat immature hippocampal neurons
양미영,문창종,송명섭,김성호,김종춘,김중선,신태균 대한수의학회 2011 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.12 No.3
This in vitro study evaluated the detrimental effect of acute gamma (γ)-irradiation on rat immature hippocampal neurons. Rat immature hippocampal neurons (0.5 day in vitro) were irradiated with 0∼4 Gy γ-rays. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using a lactate dehydrogenase release assay at 24 h after γ-irradiation. Radiation-induced cytotoxicity in immature hippocampal neurons increased in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatments of pro-apoptotic caspase inhibitors and anti-oxidative substances significantly blocked γ-irradiation-induced cytotoxicity in immature hippocampal neurons. The results suggest that the caspase-dependent cytotoxicity of γ-rays in immature hippocampal cultured neurons may be caused by oxidative stress.
자기면역성 뇌척수염 조직에서 CPP32의 면역조직화학적 관찰
신태균,문창종,안미정,위명복,Shin, Tae-kyun,Moon, Chang-jong,Ahn, Mee-jung,Wie, Myung-bok 대한수의학회 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.3
The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of CPP32 (caspase-3), one of the death-related enzymes, in the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced in Lewis rats immunized with an emulsion of rat spinal cord homogenate with complete Freunds adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra, 5mg/ml). The expression of CPP32 in the spinal cords of rats with EAE was studied. In normal rat spinal cords, CPP32 is constitutively, but weakly, expressed in neurons and some neuroglial cells. In the EAE spinal cords, many inflammatory cells were positive for CPP 32, and the majority of CPP32(+) cells were identified as ED1(+) macrophages. During this stage of EAE, the number of CPP32(+) cells in brain cells, including neurons and astrocytes, increased, and these cells also had increased CPP32 immunoreactivity. CPP32 immunor eactivity was not always matched with apoptosis of inflammatory cells in EAE lesions. We speculate that CPP32, which is constitutlvely expressed in brain cells, increases in response to neuroimmunological stimulation in both brain neuronal cells and inflammatory cells. The functional role of CPP32 in neuroimmunological disorders is discussed.
장종식,문창종,김종춘,정우희,조성기,김성호 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.2
An evidence suggests that even low-dose irradia- tion can lead to progressive cognitive decline as well as memory deficits in both humans and experimental animals in part due to hippocampal dysfunction. To determine whether or not green tea (GT) and epigallo- catechin gallate (EGCG) could attenuate memory im- pairment as well as suppress hippocampal neurogen- esis, passive avoidance and object recognition memory test as well as TUNEL assay and immunohistochemi- cal detection with markers of neurogenesis (Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX)) were performed using adult mice treated with relatively low-dose gamma irradiation (2.0 Gy). GT was administered intraperitonially at a dos- age of 50 mg/kg of body weight at 36 and 12 hr pre- irradiation and at 30 minutes post-irradiation, or oral- ly at a dosage of 250 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days before autopsy. EGCG (25 mg/kg of body weight) was administered intraperitonially at 36 and 12 hr pre-irradiation and at 30 minutes post-irradiation. In the passive avoidance and object recognition memory test, mice trained for 1 day after acute irradiation (2 Gy) showed significant memory deficits compared with sham controls. The number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic nuclei in the dentate gyrus increased by 12 h after irradiation. In addition, the numbers of Ki- 67- and DCX-positive cells significantly decreased. GT treatment prior to irradiation attenuated memory defects, blocked apoptotic death, as well as reduced the number of DCX-positive cells. Therefore, GT may attenuate memory defects in adult mice exposed to a relatively low dose of radiation possibly by inhibiting the detrimental effects of irradiation on hippocampal neurogenesis.
Evaluation of biological responses in rats experimentally exposed to crude oil
양미영,문창종,김종춘,배춘식,장종식,Young-Hyun Choi,Su-Ryeon Noh,김성호 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.4
To evaluate the acute to chronic effects of crude oil exposure on hematological and blood biochemical toxicities, Sprague-Dawley rats were given by oral doses of 0, 50 or 100 mg/kg BW/day of Iranian heavy crude oils for four weeks. In the acute phase of exposure (1 day after 4 weeks oil treatment), decreases in weight of thymus, serum level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities in liver or kidney, and increase in weight of adrenal gland occurred after oral administration of crude oil. In body weight, histopathological examination, hematological and blood biochemical analyses in the acute phase of exposure, there were no significant differences among the experimental groups. In the subchronic and chronic phase of exposure (2 months and 6 months after 4 weeks oil treatment), the changes of biomarkers were normalized except the indicators of oxidative stress. Our findings show that the bioassay on the indicators of oxidative stress is a sensitive method for determining exposure to crude oil in rat.