GC-ECD를 이용한 유기염소계 및 Pyrethroid계 농약 동시 분석법

김우성,이선화,김재이,정지윤,이명자,박영채,이영자,정성욱,이봉헌,박흥재 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Pesticides were extracted from samples with 70% acetone and methylene chloride in order, and then cleaned up via open-column chromatography apparatus packed with florisil, and finally analyzed simultaneously the organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides using GC(ECD). An ultra-2 fused silica capillary column was used to separate and identify the products. The resolution between the last isomeric peak of cypermethrin(59.987min) and the first isomeric peak of flucythrinate(60.043min) was not satisfactory. The last isomeric peak of fenvalerate(62.344min) and the first isomeric peak of fluvalinate(62.397min) were overlapped. Recoveries of soybean sample for the most pesticides were 73.3% to 102.4%. Detection limits were between 0.004 and 0.063 ㎍/㎎ when this method was used.

여수국가산업단지 인근 지역 대기오염물질 농도에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

김민영,변정훈,이영훈,이건영,한지은,이예림,임지현,장봉기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2022 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.28 No.1,2

Eight monitoring stations in the Yeosu National Industrial Complex will determine the concentration of air pollutants measured every hour in 2019, analyze what factors affect them, and how they correlate with the air pollutant measurements. Six air pollutants (SO2, NO2, O3, CO, PM-10 and PM-2.5) measured at eight monitoring stations around Yeosu National Industrial Complex (Seogang-dong, Wolnae-dong, Munsu-dong, Yeocheon-dong, Deokchung-dong, Hwayang-myeon, Yulchon-myeon, Samil-dong) the measurement data for each hour of the year were downloaded to analyze the concentration by weather condition, time zone, season, separation distance from Yeosu Industrial Complex, and separation distance from Gwangyang Industrial Complex. SO2, NO2, and CO concentrations were significantly higher in winter, significantly lower in summer, and O3, PM-10, and PM-2.5 concentrations were significantly higher in spring. SO2, CO, PM-10, and PM-2.5 concentrations were significantly higher between 10 a.m. and 12 p.m., NO2 concentrations were significantly higher between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m., and O3 concentrations were significantly higher between 13 p.m. and 15 p.m.(p<0.001). The concentration of air pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, PM-10, PM-2.5) excluding O3 was found to have a negative (-) correlation with weather condition, and in the case of O3, it was found to have a positive (+) correlation with PM-10, PM-2.5, temperature and wind speed. It was confirmed that the concentration of air pollutants emitted from the Yeosu National Industrial Complex differs depending on the season, time and distance to the industrial complex. This study aims to establish measures to minimize health damage to residents living relatively close to the industrial complex and contribute to the establishment of management and response measures according to the properties of substances to reduce the concentration of air pollutants in the future.

부산, 울산, 경남지역 직업병감시체계에서 나타난 수지진동증후근의 역학적 특성

최영희,유철인,이지호,이충렬,이헌,김영욱,채창호,고상백,김은아,이유진,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 국내에서도 국소진동에 의한 수지진동증후군이 다수 있을 것으로 추정하나 최근에 이에 대한 보고가 적어 부·울·경 직업병감시체계를 통하여 수지진동증후군에 대한 환례를 수집하여 이의 역학적 특성을 밝히고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 2001년 44월부터 2002년 12월까지 부산, 울산, 경남지역에 있는 종합병원 9곳을 통하여 특수 건강진단과 산업의학과 외래를 방문한 근로자를 대상으로 진동폭로에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 이들중에서 수지진동으로 인한 증상을 호소하는 근로자는 이학적 검사와 Stockholm workshop scale을 이용하여 수지진동증후군이 있는지 평가하였다. 결과: 남자 188명, 여자 4명 등 총 192례의 수진진동증후군이 의심되는 환례를 수집하였으며, 업종별로는 조선업에 종사하는 근로자들이 가장 많았다. 국소진동의 주된 폭로원은 그라인더가 가장 많았으며, 혈관장해로 인한 증상보다 감각신경성 장해로 인한 증상을 많이 호소하였다. 결론: 전국적으로 조선업종의 그라인더 사용자를 중심으로 많은 수의 수지진동증후군의 환자가 있을 것으로 추정되며, 이들에 대한 예방대책을 마련하기 위하여 전국규모의 정확한 유병률 조사 및 실태파악이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Objects: The objectives of this study were to estimate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) due to occupational exposure of hand transmitted vibration and to identify the occupations and industries where such exposures arises, and the main sources of exposure. Methods: In April 2001 the Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-Nam Province occupational disease surveillance system was established to measure the incidence and prevalence of work-relatd HAVS and other occipational diseases in these Korean provinces. Occupational physicians of nine hospitals in Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-nam Province were involved in this project between April 2001 and November 2002. Physicians collected information through questionnaires and interviews. Information gathered included age, occupation, types of vibration tools used and presence of subkective symptoms such as vibration-induced white finger (VWF), numbness and tingling. Results: A total 192 cases were reported with 188 males and 4 females. The shipbuilding industry was the most common type of industry and grinders were the most common source of exposire. Symptoms of neurological disorder were more common than those of vascular disprder. Conclusions: The authors concluded that exposure to hand transmitted vibration is common and that HAVS is one of the most common occupational diseases in Korea. However, the range and extent of hand transmitted vibration and the overall prevalence of HAVS in Korea is still unknown. More extensive research on this syndrome in order to priorite necessary preventive measures is required.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

만성 간장 질환자에서 뇌 MRI 상의 pallidal index와 생물학적 망간지표들 간의 관련성

최영희,박능화,신정우,김효경,김성률,정태흠,박지강,이헌,유철인,이충렬,이지호,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 만성 간장 질환자를 대상으로 T1강조 자기공명영상(MRI)에서 나타나는 담창구 부위의 고신호강도 소견(pallidal index, PI)과 생물학적 망간 지표들 간의 관련성을 알아본다. 방법 : B형간염 바이러스에 의한 간경변증으로 진단 받은 40세 이상의 환자 31명과 정상 대조군 10명을 대상으로 설문조사와 혈액 및 소변검사, 뇌 MRI를 시행하였다. 전체 41명 가운데 검사 전 수혈을 받았던 환자군 9명을 제외하고 전체 32명의 자료를 분석하였다. 망간 축적에 관련된 객관적 지표로서 T1 강조 MRI에서 나타나는 담창구 부위의 고신호강도를 전두부 백색질 신호강도로 나눈 수에 100을 곱하여 구한 PI를 택하였다. 환자군과 대조군 사이의 PI와 망간농도들의 평균을 비교하였다. 여러 변수들과 PI와의 상관성을 보기 위해서는 상관분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 간장 질환자 22명 가운데 18명(81.8%)에서 뇌 MRI 상 고신호강도가 나타났다. 대조군 10명에서는 아무도 MRI 소견상 고신호강도가 나타나지 않았다. 간장 질환자에서의 평균 PI는 122.62로 대조군의 106.23보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 간장 질환자의 전혈에서 망간농도는 2.34㎍/㎗으로 대조군의 1.44㎍/㎗와 비교하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혈장과 소변 내 망간농도는 대조군에서 다소 높게 나타났으나, 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 또한 혈색소, 빌리루빈, AST가 대조군과 환자군 사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 전혈(p=0.489, P<0.01, n=29)과 적혈구(p=0.573, P<0.01, n=22) 내 망간농도와 PI 사이에는 각각 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 그러나 혈장과 소변 내 망간 농도와 PI와의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 총빌리루빈 또한 PI와 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다(p=0.509, P<0.01, n=32). 결론 : 전혈 또는 적혈구 내의 망간 농도가 뇌 내 망간 침착으로 인한 T1 강조 MRI상 담창구 부위의 고신호 강도를 잘 반영하는 유용한 지표이다. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to clarify which biological manganese exposure indices reflect the pallidal signal intensities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in liver cirrhotics. Methods: We examined whole blood, plasma, RBC and urinary manganese concentrations, as well as, brain MRI in 22 cirrhotic patients and 10 healthy controls. From MRI scans we calculated the signal intensity of the globus pallidus using the pallidal index (PI), the ratio of the globus pallidus to subcortical frontal white-matter signal intensity in axial T1 -weighted MRl planes multiplied by 100. In addition, we studied the relationships between PI and other measurements. Results: The high signal intensity in the globus pallidus on T1-weighted MRI was observed in 18 (81.8%) patients. There was a significant correlation between whole blood and RBC manganese concentration, and PI on MRI. According to multiple linear regression, whole blood and RBC manganese concentration reflected PI on MRI better the other indices did. Conclusions: Whole blood and RBC manganese concentrations could be useful as biological manganese exposure indices that reflect PI on MRI.

라미부딘 내성 만성 B형 간염 환자에서의 아데포비어의 치료 효과

이지숙,장리라,이상욱,한병훈,윤병철 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.2

Backgrounds/Aims : Adefovir dipivoxil(ADV) has been shown to be effective against lamivudine resistant strain of hepatitis B virus. But continuation of lamivudine therapy or switching to Adefovir dipivoxil in patients with viral breakthrough after long term lamivudine therapy are controversial. To find efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil, we retrospectively assessed clinical course after lamivudine resistance in patients who changed adefovir dipivoxil and continued lamivudine therapy. Methods : 58 patients with lamivudine resistant HBV mutants after at least 6 months of lamivudine treatment were included in this study. 24 of the 58 patients were treated with ADV and rest of them were continued the lamivudine therapy after lamivudine resistance. The continuous lamivudine treatment group (n=34) was divided into two groups according to ALT count (ALT≧40, n=19 vs ALT<40, n=16) The clinical course and the biochemical and virological response of the switching adefovir group were compared with those of continuing lamivudine group. HBV genotypes and YMDD mutation site was anaylzed by TRUGENE HBV Genotyping. Results : At twelve months, the levels of median serum HBV DNA and ALT was decreased and albumin was improved significantly(P<0.01) in adefovir switching group compared with lamivudine sustained group, especially ALT was elevated more than 40. There is no significant differences between adefovir switching group and lamivudine sustained group (ALT<40, n=15). This study showed that adefovir dipivoxil reduces HBV replication and improves not only biochemical markers of disease activity, but also liver function. HBV genotypes of 58 patients were all C and rtM204I/V mutant was the most common. Conclusion : This study provides an evidence that adefovir dipivoxil can be effective in the treatment of lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants, especially ALT elevated.

젊은 성인에서 흡연에 의한 상완동맥 내피기능의 부전에 관한 연구

이상철,권영주,방덕원,이선해,이보영,김지욱,김영훈,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives : Cigarette smoking is a major factor and the most modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, before the structural change of the systemic arteries. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction might be present in the systemic arteries of young adult smokers and that this might be dose-dependent phenomenon. Therefore, we try to certify that smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults without other risk factor of atherosclerosis. Subjects and Methods : we studied noninvasively 29 subjects aged 3 to 4 decades without other risk factor of atherosclerosis, they were composed of the two groups, current smokers(n=15) and nonsmokers(n=14). Smoking history varied from 3 to 20 pack years. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter and mean flow rate were measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia(with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual nitroglycerin(NG-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation). Result : Flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation was observed in the control subjects (9.4±3.44%) but was impaired in the smokers(5.8±2.51%)(p=0.004). NG-induced endothelium independent dilation is no difference in all subjects. Conclusion : Cigarette smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults.

유기용제노출이 직업적 청력손실에 미치는 영향

이지호,고영주,이헌,강정학,유철인,이충렬,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

목적 : 산업 장에서 노출되는 유기용제가 청력역치에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 5년 동안의 추적조사를 통하여 파악하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 유기용제와 소음에 동시에 노출된 근로자 43명과 소음노출수준, 연령, 근무경력을 짝짓기 한소음노출군을 대상으로 문진과 이경검사, 소음노출 수준, 유기용제노출수준을 조사하였다. 결과 : 1. 전체 근로자의 각 주파수별 청력역치 변화양상에서 500Hz∼2000Hz에서는 추적기간 동 소음동안 현저한 변화가 없었고, 4000Hz 및 8000Hz에서는 역치가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 2.유기용제와 소음에 동시에 노출된군에서 소음 노출군에 비해 4000Hz 이상에서 청력역치가 높게 나타났으나, 통계적인 유의성은 없었다(p(0.05). 3.반복측정 분산분석 법으로 각 주파수별 평균청력 역치의 연차적 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 유기용제 노출은 통계적으로 유의한 영향이 없었으나(p)0.05), 소음노출수준은 250Hz, 2000Hz 및 4000Hz에서, 연령은 250Hz와 500Hz에서 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p(0.05). 4.소음노출군파 동시노출군 각각에서의 청력역치 변화량을 paired t-test로 비교한 결과 250Hz∼4000Hz에서는 통계학적 유의성이 없었으며(p(0.1), 8000Hz에서만 경계치 (p=0.0884)의 유의성을 나타내었다. 5.요인들의 영향을 보정한 상태에서 관찰하기 위해 관찰기간동안의 청력역치변화량을 종속변수로 두고 일반선형모형을 이용하여 주파수별로 관찰한 결과 8000Hz에서만 모델에 통계학적 유의성이 있었으며 (p(0.05), 여기서 소음노출수준이 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고(p(0.05), 유기용제노출은 경 계수준이 었다(p=0.087). 결론 : 청력에 대한 유기용제의 영향이 소음과 연령에 비해 상대적으로 미미하여 명확한 결론에 이르지는 못하였으나, 다소 영향이 있는 것으로 생각되어 유기용제의 영향에 대한 추가연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 보다 효과적인 근로자들의 청력관리를 위해서는 소음 외 산업 장에서 동시에 노출되는 여러 유해물질들을 고려하여야 할 것이다. Objectives : This study was to evaluate the impacts of simultaneous exposure to noise and mixed solvents on workers'hearing threshold level (HTL) over five-year period. Methods : The study was conducted by interview and annual audiometric test on workers in ship building industry from 1994 to 1998. The cases(workers who exposed to noise and mixed solvent simultaneously) were 43 male workers and controls (workers who exposed to nolle) were selected by matching method with regard to age, sex, carrier, and noise exposure level. To assess the impacts of solvent exposure on hearing threshold level, with considering other factors, general liner model was used. Results : 1. The audiogram of all subjects showed typical sensorineural hearing loss pattern. The mean HTLe were increased at high frequency (4000HB and 8000Hz) for study period. 2. The HTLs of cases were more increased than those of controls at high frequencies (4000Hz and 8000Hz), but there was not statlstical significance. 3. The impact of age on the HTL was statistically significant at 250Hz and 500Hz (p(0.05), and the impact of noise on the HTL was statistically significant at 250Hz, 2000Hz and 4000Hz (p(0.05), but the impact solvent exposure on the HTL was not significant. 4. The changes in HTLs of cases were higher than those of controls at high frequency, there were not statistical significance at 4000Hz, but only at 8000Hz (p=0.087). 5. Statistical analysis of the general linear model implicated that the changes in HTL was impacted by noise exposure bevel significantly (p=0.031) and Impacted by solvent exposure weakly (p=0.087) at 8000Hz. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that workers who simultaneously exposed to noise and mixed solvent were at risk for more affected HTL than those exposed to noise exposure only, but we could not find definitive evidence. Further detailed studies must be made in large number of workers.

출발원료 Si 분말의 입자크기에 따른 질화반응 Si₃N₄의 특성변화

이주신,문지훈 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2000 공학기술연구지 Vol.7 No.-

Size effect of raw-Si powder on the property of reaction-bonded silicon nitride was investigated by the use of Si powders with different particle sizes containing various native oxide SiO2 contents. The different secondary phases were formed at each specimens resction-sintered with different particle sizes, due to the content difference in native oxide on the surface layer of particles. The specimens prepared by using coarse powders couldn't even attain high density in high temperature gas-pressure sintering, because of the abnormal growth of elongated β-Si3N4 grains owing to the insufficiency and the inhomogeneous distribution in liquid phase contents. On the other hand, the specimens using fine powders showed high density because of melting of the secondary oxynitride phase. As a result, the content and distribution of liquid phase become appropriate, and then the transformation to β-phase uniformly occurs in the specimen at the same time. Thus the increase in density and fracture strength was shown. Higher values of fracture strength and hardness were obtained in the specimens using fine powders, however, the specimens using coarse powders showed higher value of fracture toughness due to the development of large elongated grains.