외음부의 기저세포암

김보영 ( Bo Young Kim ),황선정 ( Sun Jung Hwang ),박병준 ( Byung Joon Park ),이은실 ( Eun Sil Lee ),한호섭 ( Ho Suap Han ),김용욱 ( Yong Wook Kim ),김태응 ( Tae Eung Kim ),노덕영 ( Duck Yeong Ro ),이안희 ( An Hi Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.53 No.9

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignant neoplasm, accounting for 75% of all non-melanoma skin cancer. The incidence of BCC is strongly correlated with sun exposure as well as older age. Therefore, the vast majority of BCCs is observed in elderly patients on the sun-exposed skin of the head and neck with a frequency of more than 80%. BCC is very rare on sun-protected skin such as the perianal and genital regions and other etiologic factors must be considered in these cases. Although the pathogenesis of vulvar BCC is unclear, early diagnosis is very important. Because BCC in these areas sometimes seems innocuous, it is recommended that a biopsy of all suspect lesions be performed. We report a woman with BCC of the vulva treated with wide local resection and reviews the literatures on this subject.

초등교사들의 별에 대한 기본 개념

한영욱,김선주 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 科學敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.-

This work was undertaken to investigate how the elementary school teachers understood the conceptions on stars, properties and apparent movements of the stars by using paper-pencil test. The results are as follows: (1) Most of the teachers did not understand the conceptions what star was. (2) Most of the teachers understood very well about the rotation and the revolution of the stars and the reason why stars could not be seen in daylight. (3) Most of teachers had unscientific conceptions for the apparent movements.

학습자의 인지양식과 정보처리유형에 따른 초인지 전략 학습이 과학 개념 형성과 지속에 미치는 영향

한영욱,김선주 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2003 科學敎育硏究 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the learning effect of Metacognition Strategy Learning on the learner's concept formation when it is applied to teaching concepts in the unit "The change of seasons" in the 6th grade, and to find out the correlation between Metacognition Strategy Learning and characteristics of learners based on Cognitive Styles and Information Processing Types. The research was done on three 6th grade classes of a school in Busan Metropolitan City 68 students of two classes constituted the comparative group, to which conventional teaching methods based on the text book were applied. 35 students of one class constituted the experimental group to which Metacognition Strategy Learning methods were applied. The results are as follows. First, compared to conventional methods, Metacognition Strategy Learning is more effective in the formation, and especially much more effective in the duration, of concepts about the change of seasons. Second, Metacognition Strategy Learning was most effective in the formation and duration of concepts to students of the upper level of metacognitive self-regulation, and was also effective to students in the middle level, and was effective in the duration of concepts about the change of seasons to students in the lower level. Third, in the formation of concepts about the change of seasons according to Cognitive Styles of learners, Metacognition Strategy Learning was most effective in the middle group. In the duration of concepts, it was effective in both the field-independent group and the middle group and was especially very effective in the field-independent group. Fourth, int the formation and duration of concepts about the change of seasons according to Holist Information Processing Types of learners, the effect of Metacognition Strategy Learning had a meaningful effect to the learner of the upper Serialist Information Processing Type; and in the middle Serialist Information Processing Group, the effect of Metacognition Strategy Learning in the duration of concepts could be seen. Therefore, it can be seen that learning using the Metacognition Strategy is effective in the formation and duration of concepts about the change of seasons in elementary school students, and that the higher the score the learner acquired in the Cognitive Style test and the Information Processing Type test, the greater the effect of the Metacognition Strategy Learning on the corresponding learner.

초등 과학 교육 (지구과학 영역)을 위한 웹사이트 검색과 활용방안

한영욱,박선희 부산교육대학교 교육대학원 2001 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

The purposes of this study were to survey and analyze the internet web-site to use for teaching earth science in elementary science education, and then to analyze its effects on students' accomplishment and recognition. For these purposes, the web- site related to elementary earth science were searched and analyzed. Also, in order to manage a class, four classes were selected from sixth grade of elementary course and divided into two groups: two classes were assigned to a experimental group, the other two were belonged to a comparative group. The experimental group was taught by learning model of using web-site, and the comparative group was worked by traditional learning model. Before and after teaching, the students' accomplishment was tested using a test paper. And then, to analyze their results, the statistics was used. Student's recognition learning with web-site has been surveyed and analyzed. The results are as follows: 1. As a result of searching internet web-sites, meaningfully usable web-sites in a field of elementary earth science education were summed up to 79 sites: 15 sites in a field of meteorology, 23 sites in geology, 25 sites in astronomy, and 16 sites in common aspects. 2. After teaching using web-site, the average score of experimental group was higher than that of comparative group in a part of students' accomplishment. 3. Teaching using web-site didn't have statistically meaningful effects on boys and girls in a part of students' accomplishment. 4. Boys liked new contents and various materials. On the other hand, girls liked to select their own subjects and to repeat to study them. 5. The students recognized studying science with web-site affirmatively: 68.9% of students felt a great interest in using web-site and 89.2% of students answered that they wanted to learn using web-site later. 6. In a level of accomplishment and understanding of learning with web-site, lower level students felt more difficulty to use internet. We suggested that the learning using web-site has affirmative effect on students' accomplishment and recognition for learning with internet web-site. This affirmative effect is caused by these merits students are able to have free and independent works regardless time and place, and get access easily to new and various materials, and they can experience impossible experiments indirectly through simulation.

치과용 자성 어태치먼트 재료의 안정성 개선에 관한 연구 : II.질화티타늄 코팅이 치과용 자성재의 내식성에 미치는 영향 Ⅱ.Effect of TiN Coating on Corrosion Resistance of Dental Magnetic Materials

최한철,고영무,정재헌,신종연,김일선,최성욱,정효수 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Dental magnetic materials have been applied to removable prosthetic appliances, maxillofacial prostheses, obturator and dental implant but they still have some problems such as low corrosion resistance in oral environments. To increase the corrosion resistance of dental magnetic materials, surfaces of Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B based magnetic materials were plated with TiN and then electrochemical corrosion test were performed in 4 kinds of electrolyte solutions(0.9% NaCl. 1% lactic acid, 0.05% HCl and modified Fusayama's artificial saliva). From this study, corrosion behavior, amount of elements released, mean average surface roughness values and the changing of mean surface microhardness values were measured comparing with control group of non-sputtered plating magnetic materials. The results were as follows: 1. TiN layer coated on magnet grows into preferred direction with lamellar structure and its thickness is 3.0㎛. 2. Sm-Co base magnetic materials coated with TiN have good corrosion resistance in 1% lactic acid and their pitting corrosion can not be seen. 3. Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN showed good tendency of corrosion resistance in 0.05% HCl solution. 4. The amount of elements released from both Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN were more significantly decreased than that of uncoated magnetic materials. 5. The mean surface roughness values of both Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN were smooth than that of uncoated magnetic materials after corrosion test. 6. The decreasing rate of microhardness of both Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B base magnetic materials coated with TiN were lower than that of uncoated magnetic materials after corrosion test. 7. Dental magnetic materials coated with TiN produced various corrosion products such as TiO, TiO₂, Ti₂O₃on the surface and resulted in better corrosion resistance than uncoated magnetic materials. In conclusion, it is considered that the corrosion problem of dental magnetic materials could be solved to some extent by EB-PVD with TiN on the surface of dental magnetic materials.

다양한 rhBMP-2 코팅 임플란트 표면에서의 인간 간엽 줄기세포의 부착, 증식, 분화반응 분석

이인구,한인호,황선욱,류재준 대한치과보철학회 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.1

연구 목적: 본 실험은 거친 표면으로 유의성 있는 줄기세포반응을 나타냈던 4 가지의 티타늄 표면 위에 rhBMP-2를 코팅했을 때 어떤 유의한 줄기세포반응(세포부착, 증식, 분화)이 나타나는지 비교 분석함으로 rhBMP-2 코팅을 위한 가장 적절한 표면을 평가하기 위해 시행되었다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 대조군인 기계절삭표면(machined surface)과 실험군인 양극산화(anodized), RBM, SLA 표면에 rhBMP-2를 코팅한 후 코팅하지 않은 표면과 같이 8가지 표면 위에 인간줄기세포를 배양하였다. 배양 후 24시간 후SEM을 통해 줄기세포의 부착을 평가하였고 배양 3, 7, 14일후MTT와 ALP 검사를 통해 줄기세포의 증식과 분화반응을 평가하였다. 그리고 배양 7일후RT-PCR 검사를 통해 Type I collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin의 유전자 발현의 변화를 평가하였다. 결과:SEM 평가에서 4가지 rhBMP-2 표면이 코팅하지 않은 표면에 비해 세포부착 면적이 넓고 긴밀하며 세포돌기가 더 많이 관찰되었다. 양극산화 rhBMP-2코팅표면에서 가장 두드러지게 관찰되었다. MTT 검사에서 크게 의미 있는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. ALP검사에서 양극산화 rhBMP-2코팅 표면은 대조군과 비교해서 (3, 14일) 또 RBM rhBMP-2 코팅 표면과 비교해서 (14일) 유의성 있는 ALP 활성도의 증가를 나타내었다(P<.05). RT-PCR 검사에서 osteocalcin과 osteopontin의 유전자 발현은 양극산화 rhBMP-2코팅 표면에서 높게 나타났다. 결론: 양극산화 rhBMP-2코팅표면이 줄기세포의 부착과 분화실험에서 대조군표면과 rhBMP-2를 코팅한 기계절삭표면이나 RBM 표면에 비해 유의성 있는 증가를 나타냈다(P<.05). PURPOSE. In this paper we tried to evaluate the most appropriate surface for rhBMP-2 coating among 4 rough titanium surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We used machined surface as a control group and anodized, RBM and SLA surfaces as test groups. We coated rhBMP-2 on the 4 surfaces and with uncoated surfaces for each case, we cultured human mesenchymal stem cells on all 8 surfaces. 24 hours after we measured the stem cell’attachment with SEM, and on 3rd, 7th, and 14th days, we checked the cell proliferation and differentiation by using MTT and ALP activity assay. And on the 7th day after the culture, we performed RT-PCR assay to determine whether the expression levels of Type I collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin were changed. RESULTS. We observed with SEM that 4 rhBMP-2 coated surfaces exhibited wider and tighter cell attachment and more cell process spreading than uncoated surfaces. The anodized rhBMP-2 surface caused robustest effects. In MTT assay we could not find any meaningful difference. In ALP assay there was a significant increase (P<.05) in the ALP activity of anodized rhBMP-2 coated surface compared with that of the control (3rd and 14th days) and with that of the RBM rhBMP-2 coated surface (14th day). In RT-PCR assay there was increased expressions in the anodized rhBMP-2 coated surface for osteocalcin, and osteopontin. CONCLUSION. We found that the anodized rhBMP-2 coated surface were most prominent stem cell attachment and differentiation in compared to control and Machined rhBMP-2 coated, RBM rhBMP-2 coated surface.

정신장애인 치료에 중요 역할 담당자의 정신질환에 대한 태도조사

김병후,정선욱,강연화,김윤,김창엽,홍진표,한오수,조맹제,김용익 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.5

Objectives : Attitudes of families of mentally ill, health personnels and community leaders to the mentally ill after the development and utilization of the community mental health program and reintegration of the chronically ill patients into society. This study was designed to compare the attitudes toward the mentally ill patient of the persons who have important role in treating the mentally ill and to find the variables influencing the attitudes. Methods : We measured attitudes toward mental illness in psychotic patients' families(N=139), community leaders(N=180) and health personnels(N=324) including mental health personnels before the implementation of community mental health services in Yonchon county and Seodaemun district area. The instrument used to measure attitudes was Opinion about Mental Illness(O. M. I.) scale. Results : 1) Health personnel showed lower Authoritarianism(Factor A) and higher Benevolence(Factor B) scores on the average than community leaders and psychotic patients families. 2) Current residence affect the attitudes in psychotic patients' families, not in community leaders and health personnels. Families in urban area showed lower Authoritarianism(Factor A) and Social Restrictiveness(Factor D) and higher Benevolence(Factor B) scores than in the rural areas. 3) Many patient variables were correlated to the attitudes of families. Duration of illness, number of recurrence, number of admission, age of patient and family burden were positively correlated mainly to Social Restrictiveness(Factor D). 4) Sex and religion of respondents showed no or weak relationship with the factor scores. Conclusions : Education for community leaders and families is required to achieve successful community mental health services. Community support program should be developed for chronic, recurrent and burdensome psychiatric patients in the first place.

ISP의 BcN 투자 및 요금체계 평가모형 : 실물옵션과 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션의 응용

김도훈,정한욱,방정희,박명선 한국정보사회진흥원 2006 정보화정책 Vol.13 No.3

모든 정보통신서비스가 All-IP 통합 인프라로 제공되는 BcN 구축은 우리나라의 핵심 국책사업 중의 하나로, 인터넷 강국으로서의 글로벌 입지를 굳히는데 결정적인 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 BcN 기술의 성숙에도 불구하고, 제도적 측면에서 이의 성공을 뒷받침하는 연구는 드물다. 특히 BcN 요금체계와 같은 정책적 문제에 대해서는 별다른 진전이 없다. 본 연구에서는 요금정책이 BcN 투자에 미치는 영향을, 실물옵션과 Monte Carlo 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 분석하였다. 실험결과, BcN 수요의 불확실성뿐만 아니라, 요금체계와 관련된 정책대안이 사업자의 수익구조와 투자동기에 중요하게 작용하였다. 또한 수익과 투자시점은 밀접한 관계를 가지며, 트래픽 규모가 수입에 직접 반영되는 요금체계에서 BcN 투자가 앞당겨짐을 알수 있다. 특히 ISP와 CP간의 요금체계가 투자 의사결정에 보다 크게 작용하는 것으로 파악된다. 이러한 결과는, 사업자의 자발적인 첨단 인프라 및 서비스 개발이 국민경제에 긍정적으로 작용하는 동태적 효과를 보다 전향적으로 검토할 것을 요청한다.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.