한국의 발톱진균증 환자의 삶의 질에 관한 연구

조백기,박종갑,김형옥,김성욱,백승철,김진우,김시용,안규중,전재복,오지원,김낙인,이규석,오칠환,김수남,김상태,손숙자,신용우,김동석,이원우,권경술,서대헌,황규왕,이종석,고재경,강원형,정기양,최응호,김기홍,박석돈,강승주,함정희,명기범,김방순,구상완,김병수,원영호,김한욱,송은섭,정병수,노병인,홍창권,박장규,한지윤,김광중,구대원,김종민,김재홍,유희준,양경미 대한의진균학회 1998 대한의진균학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Background: Onychomycosis, especially toenail onychomycosis has become one of the common fungal infection and has historically been regarded as a cosmetic rather than medical problem by many patients, even by physicians. Recently, however, there are several reports that is a refractory disease which may cause a deleterious effect on patiets quality of life (QOL). Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of toenail onychomycosis on QOL in Korea and to assess the chandes of QOL after treatment. Methods: Total 1004 patients with toenail onychomycosis which was confirmed by clinical findings and KOH preparation were were enrolled at 47 dermatologic centers in Korea, and interviewed with standardized QOL questionnaire before and after sytemic antifungal treatment. Responses to the questionnaire were scored by 5-point scale (1∼4) and averaged, and were analyzed for 5 dimensions of emotional impact, social impact, symptorn and functional impact, patients views concerning treatment, and relationship with doctor. Results: 1. Before and after treatment, the most serious impact was emotional dimension showing 1.90 and 1.30 in average score (AS), and social (AS: 1.14 and 0.83) and symptom and functional impact (AS: 1.05 and 0.92) was also affected. 2. In female rather than male, statistically more significant impact on patients QOL was observed in all dimensions. 3. After treatment, 3 of 5 dimensions were improved significantly - emotional dimension (AS : from 1.90 to 1.30), social dimension (AS: from 1.14 to 0.83), patients view concerning treatment (AS: from 1.34 to 1.02). 4. The drgree of patients satisfaction at the therapeutic effect was very high- 62.4% (immediately after treatment) and 65.8% (9 months affer initiation of treatment) of patients answered excellent or good. Conclusion: This study confirms that toenail onychomycosis has significant impact on the overall QOL of patients. Also the effect of antifungal therapy on patients QOL were watisfactory. Therefore, both doctor and patient should pay more attention to the treatment of onychomycosis. [Kor J Med Mycol 3(1): 115∼124]

특발성 흉추 측만증의 추체 회전 변형에 대한 분절 척추경 나사 기기술 및 강봉 회전 감염술의 영향

김원중(Won-Joong Kim),석세일(Se-Il Suk),권칠수(Chil-Soo Kwon),김진혁(Jin-Hyok Kim),김동수(Dong-Soo Kim),이상민(Sang-Min Lee),황훈(Hoon Whang) 대한정형외과학회 1998 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.33 No.4

조기양막파수 임신부에서 Dexamethasone 다회 투여가 임신부 및 신생아의 주산기 결과에 미치는 영향

김태중(Tae Joong Kim),김우영(Woo Youg Kim),유진경(Jin Kyung You),황종대(Jong Dae Whang),양순하(Soon Ha Yang),이제호(Je Ho Lee),노정래(Cheong Rae Roh) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.9

목적 : 조기양막파수 임신부에서 산전 dexamethasone 투여가 신생아 호흡곤란증후군과 조기발생 신생아 패혈증 및 융모양막염에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다.연구 대상 및 방법 : 임신 24주에서34주 사이의 조기양막파수로 삼성서울병원에 입원한 임신부를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 연구 대상 산모를 dexamethasone 투여횟수에 따라 세 군으로 분류하였다 : (1) 산전 dexamethasone 을 투여받지 않은 군 (대조군) (2) 5mg dexamethasone 4회를 12시간 간격으로 근주 또는 정주 투여받은 군 (1회 요법) (3) 초기 1회 요법이 끝난 후 1주 간격으로 dexamethasone 추가 투여받은 군 (다회 요법). 모든 산모들은 예방적 항생제를 투여받았다. 불연속 변량은 Chi-squre test, 연속 변량은 analysis of variance를 통해 세 군간의 차이를 검정하였다. 교란변수의 영향을 보정하기 위해 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석(multiple logistic regression analysis)을 사용하였는데 조기발생 신생아 패혈증 및 융모양막염의 위험인자로 여겨지는 변수들을 독립변수로 조기발생 신생아 패혈증와 융모양막염을 각각 종속변수로 삼아 통계분석을 하였다. P<0.05 이면 통계적으로 유의하다고 간주하였다.결과 : 129명의 조기양막파수 임신부가 연구대상에 포함되었는데, 대조군 37명, 일회 요법군 68명, 다회 요법군 24명이었다. 신생아 호흡곤란증후군과 융모양막염 및 조기발생 신생아 패혈증의 발생 빈도는 산전 dexamethasone 투여횟수와 상관성이 없었다.결론 : 조기양막파수에서 산전 dexamethasone 투여횟수에 따라 신생아 호흡곤란증후군이 감소되거나 신생아 및 모체 감염이 증가되지 않는다. Objective : To determine the effect of antenatal dexamethasone exposure on the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), early-onset neonatal sepsis and maternal chorioamnionitis in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes.Methods : We performed a retrospective analysis of mothers admitted between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation after preterm premature rupture of membranes. Patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes were categorized into 3 groups on the basis of the following dexamethasone exposures: (1) none (control subjects), (2) four 5-mg doses in a 12-hour interval on admission (single course), and (3) weekly administration after the initial single course (multiple courses). All included patients received prophylactic antibiotics. Discrete data were tested for significance with the x2 test. Continuous data were tested for significance with an analysis of variance. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the confounding effect of the multiple variables that were considered as risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis and maternal chorioamnionitis. All P value of <.05 were considered significant. Results : One hundred twenty nine patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes were included, 37 of whom were evaluated in the control group, 68 in the single-course group, and 24 in the group receiving multiple courses of dexamethasone. The incidence of neonatal RDS, chorioamnionitis and early-onset neonatal sepsis were not associated with the number of antenatal dexamethasone exposures.Conclusions : Multiple courses of antenatal dexamethasone administered to patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes is not associated with a decreased risk of neonatal RDS and an increased risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis and maternal chorioamnionitis.

이완에 따른 EEG 코히런스 변화에 대한 연구

김종화 ( Jong Hwa Kim ),황민철 ( Min Cheol Whang ),우진철 ( Jin Cheol Woo ),김치중 ( Chi Joong Kim ),김용우 ( Young Woo Kim ),김지혜 ( Ji Hye Kim ),김동근 ( Dong Keun Kim ) 한국감성과학회 2010 감성과학 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 이완에 따른 뇌 영역간의 연결성을 코히런스 분석방법으로 확인하고자 한다. 기존의 이완유발에 따른 뇌 활동 변화는 EEG 스펙트럼 분석방법을 사용하여왔다. 하지만 스펙트럼 분석방법으로는 측정영역에서의 반응만을 관찰할 수 있고, 뇌 영역간의 연결성을 분석하기는 힘들다. 따라서 측정점 사이의 연결성을 관찰할 수 있는 코히런스 분석방법으로 이완에 따른 뇌 영역 간의 연결성을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 감성 변화에 따른 중추신경계의 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다. 실험은 24명의 대학생을 대상으로 눈을 감고 이완음향을 듣도록 지시하고 8개의 위치에서 EEG를 측정하였다. EEG측정위치는 국제적인 10-20법에 의거한 F3, F4, T3, T4, P3, P4, O1, 그리고 O2지점을 사용하였다. 실험에 사용된 음향은 White noise를 혼합한 음향과 혼합하지 않은 음향을 사용하였다. 그리고 실제로 이완이 되었는지 확인하기 위해 주관적 감성을 함께 측정하였다. 주관적 감성 응답은 ANOVA(Analysis of Variance)하였다. 음향을 들었을 때 실제로 이완효과가 발생하며, White noise가 이완을 증가시키는 것을 확인하였다. EEG는 측정영역 사이의 코히런스를 측정하였다. 그리고 White noise를 혼합한 음향과 혼합하지 않은 음향을 들었을 때의 코히런스 결과를 t-test하여 유의성을 확인하였다. 분석결과 White noise를 혼합한 음향에서 후두엽과의 연결성이 증가하였고, White noise를 혼합하지 않은 음향에서는 두정엽과의 연결성이 증가하는 결과를 확인하였다. 이를 통해 이완일 때의 뇌 기능 연결성의 변화를 관찰할 수 있는 중요한 결과를 도출하였다. This study is to analyze change of connectivity between brain positions caused by relaxation through EEG coherence. EEG spectrum analysis method has been used to analyze brain activity when relaxation was experienced. However, the spectrum analysis method has a limit that could not observe interactive reaction between brain-functional positions. Therefore, coherence between positions was analyzed to observe connectivity between the measurement positions in this study. Through the method, the reaction of the central nervous system caused by the emotion change was observed. Twenty-four undergraduates of both genders(12 males and 12 females) were asked to close their eyes and listen to the sound. During experiment, EEG was measured at eight positions. The eight positions were F3, F4, T3, T4, P3, P4, O1, and O2 in accordance with International 10-20 system. The sounds with white noise and without were used for relaxation experience. Subjective emotion was measured to verify whether or not they felt relaxation. Subjective emotion of participants were analyzed by ANOVA method(Analysis of Variance). In the result, it was proved that relaxation was subjectively evoked when participants heard sound. Accordingly, it was proved that relaxation could be enhanced by the mixed white noise. EEG coherence between the measurement positions was analyzed. T-test was performed to find its significant difference between relaxation and not-relaxation. In the results of EEG coherence, connectivity with occipital lobes has been increased with relaxation, and connectivity with parietal lobes has been increased with non-relaxed state. Therefore, brain connectivity has shown different pattern between relaxed emotion and non-relaxed emotion.

A Study on the Lifetime Characteristics in Single-Sustainer Driving of an AC Plasma Display Panel

Joong Kyun Kim,Hyun Sook Bae,Hae Yoon Jung,Ki-Woong Whang IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.39 No.5

<P>In this paper, we observe the lifetime characteristics of a single-sustainer-driven ac plasma display panel (PDP) based on the variation of luminance which is one of the important points to be considered for a practical application. It was found that the application of bipolar sustain pulse waveforms for the sustain discharge deteriorated the long-term lifetime characteristics in single-sustainer driving compared to conventional monopolar pulse driving. This phenomenon was investigated through 3-D discharge cell simulation. In the sustain operation using the bipolar sustain pulses, it was found that more amount of ion energy was transferred to the surface of the phosphor layer. Moreover, the temporal variation of the luminance in the PDP is assumed to be related to the phosphor deterioration resulting from the ion bombardment or the redeposition of the sputtered Mg particles from the protecting layer. In order to decrease the deterioration of the phosphor layer, we modified the address electrode potential to be floated during the sustain discharge. The calculated ion energy to the phosphor surface decreased with the modified waveforms in the discharge cell simulation. Furthermore, the same effect was observed in the conventional monopolar pulse driving, which led the improvement of lifetime characteristics. The effect of the modified waveforms was also verified through experiments in the test panel.</P>

The 2-dimensional Discharge Cell Simulation for the Analysis of the Peset and Addressing of an Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel

Kim, Joong-Kyun,Chung, Woo-Jun,Seo, Jeong-Hyun,Whang, Ki-Woong The Korean Infomation Display Society 2001 Journal of information display Vol.2 No.1

The characteristics of the reset and the address discharges of an alternating current Plasma Display Panel (ac PDP) were studied using 2-dimensional numerical discharge cell simulation. We investigated the wall charge variations during the reset discharge adopting ramping reset pulse and the subsequent addressing discharge. The roles of the ramping reset scheme can be divided into two stages, each electrode gathers wall charges during ramping-up of the initial stage and the built-up wall charges are lost during ramping-down of the later stage. Address discharge does not only change the wall charge distributions on the address and the scan electrodes but also on the sustain electrode. The increase in the wall charges on the sustain electrode was observed with the variation of the applied voltage to the sustain electrode during the address period. The increase of the applied voltage to the sustain electrode during the address period is expected to induce the decrease of the sustain voltage during the display period.

유방의 양성 및 악성질환에서 bcl-2의 표출

황호현,김대중,김의한,양승하 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Breast carcinoma is common malignant tumor in korea and many oncogens have been found in tumor cells. bcl-2 prevent apoptosis and located in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear membrane. To evaluate the expression of bcl-2 according to histopathologic features and the relation between bcl-2 and prognosis in breast carcinoma, we have performed immunohistochemical staining, using mouse anti-bcl-2, for 27 cases of benign disease and 49 cases of breast carcinoma. The results were as follows; 1) The expression rates were 77.9% in benign disease and 55.1% in breast carcinoma. 2) In benign disease, expression rate of fibroadenoma, atypical ductal hyperplasia, and intraductal papilloma were 85.7%, respectively, and adenosis 50%, tubular adenoma 0%, and lactating adenosis 100%. But there were no significant difference. 3) In breast carcinoma, expression rate of ductal carcinoma in situ was 100%(3/3) and infiltrating carcinoma 52.2%(24/46), but there were no significant difference. 4) Expression rate of bcl-2 according to histologic grade on breast carcinoma was 68.8% of grade Ⅰ, 54.2% of grade Ⅱ, and 33.3% of grade without significant difference. Expression rate of lymph node metastatic cases was 43.8% and non-metastatic cases 66.8% without significant differnece. Above results showed that bcl-2 expression in breast carcinoma may be related to good prognosis of patients. But further continued study should be followed with more cases.

Intragenomic Length Variation of the Ribosomal DNA Intergentic Spacer in a Malaris Vector, Anopheles Sinensis

Whang, In-Jung,Jung, Jongwoo,Park, Joong-Ki,Min, Gi-Sik,Kim, Won Korean Society of Molecular Biology 2002 Molecules and cells Vol.14 No.1

당뇨병에 합병된 척추 경막하농양 1예

김경호,김원호,이종명,이주형,이중기,최희만,배현혜,황중하 대한당뇨병학회 1991 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.15 No.2

MCM-41 Supported Chiral Amino Alcohols as Enantioselective Catalysts for the Reduction of Ketones

Whang, Mi Sun,Kwon, Yong Ku,Kim, Geon-Joong 한국공업화학회 2002 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.8 No.3

The introduction of functional organic groups onto the mesoporous walls has been performed through the co-condensation of siloxanes and organosiloxane precursors during MCM-formation by solvent evaporation method using C_16TMAC1 surfactant as a template. The organo-functionalized mesoporous materials were used to immobilize the chiral ligands and MCM-41-supported amino alcohols were prepared to use as asymmetric catalysts for reduction of aromatic ketones. The results were compared with those obtained using unsupported amino alcohols. Higher enantioselectivity was achieved on the MCM-41-supported amino alcohols than silica gel-supported ones.