Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes for OLEDs Based on 1-Phenylpyrazole Ligands with Fluorine and Methyl Moieties

Yoon, Seung Soo,Song, Ji Young,Na, Eun Jae,Lee, Kum Hee,Kim, Seong Kyu,Lim, Dong Whan,Lee, Seok Jae,Kim, Young Kwan Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.5

A series of phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes 1-4 based on phenylpyrazole were synthesized and their photophysical properties were investigated. To evaluate their electroluminescent properties, OLED devices with the structure of ITO/NPB/mCP: 8% Iridium complexes (1-4)/TPBi/Liq/Al were fabricated. Among those, the device with 3 showed the most efficient white emission with maximum luminance of 100.6 $cd/m^2$ at 15 V, maximum luminous efficiency of 1.52 cd/A, power efficiency of 0.71 lm/W, external quantum efficiency of 0.59%, and CIE coordinates of (0.35, 0.40) at 15.0 V, respectively.

NF‐AT5 is a critical regulator of inflammatory arthritis

Yoon, Hyung‐,Ju,You, Sungyong,Yoo, Seung‐,Ah,Kim, Nam‐,Hoon,Kwon, H. Moo,Yoon, Chong‐,Hyeon,Cho, Chul‐,Soo,Hwang, Daehee,Kim, Wan‐,Uk Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Vol.63 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To investigate the role of NF‐AT5, an osmoprotective transcription factor, in synovial hyperplasia and angiogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The expression of NF‐AT5 in synovial tissue and synoviocytes from RA patients was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, respectively. Messenger RNA (mRNA) in RA synoviocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) transfected with dummy small interfering RNA (siRNA) or NF‐AT5 siRNA were profiled using microarray technology. Assays to determine synoviocyte apoptosis and proliferation were performed in the presence of NF‐AT5 siRNA. VEGF<SUB>165</SUB>‐induced angiogenesis was assessed by measuring the proliferation, tube formation, and wound migration of HUVECs. Experimental arthritis was induced in mice by injection of anti–type II collagen antibody.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>NF‐AT5 was highly expressed in rheumatoid synovium, and its activity was increased by proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor α. The mRNA profiling of synoviocytes and HUVECs transfected with NF‐AT5–targeted siRNA revealed 3 major changes in cellular processes associated with the pathogenesis of RA: cell cycle and survival, angiogenesis, and cell migration. Consistent with these results, NF‐AT5 knockdown in RA synoviocytes and HUVECs inhibited their proliferation/survival and impeded angiogenic processes in HUVECs. Mice with NF‐AT5 haploinsufficiency (NF‐AT5<SUP>+/–</SUP>) developed a very limited degree of synovial proliferation, as seen on histologic analysis, and decreased angiogenesis, and they exhibited a nearly complete suppression of experimentally induced arthritis.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>NF‐AT5 regulates synovial proliferation and angiogenesis in chronic arthritis.</P>

Blue Emitting Materials Based on Naphthylanthracene Derivatives Containing Electron-Withdrawing Fluorobenzenes.

Yoon, Jhin-Yeong,Na, Eun Jae,Lee, Seok Jae,Kim, Young Kwan,Yoon, Seung Soo American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.2

<P>We have designed and synthesized three blue emitters based on 9-naphthylanthracene derivatives connected with various electron-withdrawing group such as 4-fluorobenzene, 2,4-difluorobenzene and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzene (1-3). Multilayered OLEDs with the structure of ITO (180 nm)/NPB (50 nm)/Blue materials 1-3 (30 nm)/TPBi (15 nm)/Liq (2 nm)/AI (100 nm) have been fabricated to investigate their electroluminescent properties. In particular, the device using 3 showed efficient blue electroluminescent properties with a luminous, power, external quantum efficiency and CIE coordinates of 0.71 cd/A, 1.98 Im/W, 1.34% at 20 mA/cm2 and (x = 0.16, y = 0.20) at 10.0 V, respectively. In addition, a deep blue OLED using 1 with CIE coordinates (x = 0.15, y = 0.11) at 10.0 V exhibited a luminous, power, external quantum efficiency of 2.12 cd/A, 3.04 Im/W and 1.17% at 20 mA/cm2, respectively.</P>

Reconstruction of the Head and Neck Region Using Lower Trapezius Musculocutaneous Flaps

Yoon, Soo Kwang,Song, Seung Han,Kang, Nakheon,Yoon, Yeo-Hoon,Koo, Bon Seok,Oh, Sang-Ha Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2012 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.39 No.6

Background Recent literature has indicated that free flaps are currently considered the preferred choice for head and neck reconstruction. However, head and neck cancer patients are frequently treated with chemoradiotherapy, which is often associated with a poor general and local condition, and thus, such patients are ineligible for free flap reconstruction. Therefore, other reconstruction modalities should be considered. Methods We used lower trapezius musculocutaneous (LTMC) flap based on the dorsal scapular artery to reconstruct head and neck defects that arose from head and neck cancer in 8 patients. All of the patients had undergone preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Results There were no complications except one case of partial flap necrosis; it was treated with secondary intention. Healing in the remaining patients was uneventful without hematoma, seroma, or infection. The donor sites were closed primarily. Conclusions The LTMC flap is the preferred flap for a simple, reliable, large flap with a wide arc of rotation and minor donor-site morbidity. The authors recommend this versatile island flap as an alternative to microvascular free tissue transfer for the reconstruction of defects in the head and neck region, for patients that have undergone preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Red Fluorescent Donor-π-Acceptor Type Materials based on Chromene Moiety for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Yoon, Jhin-Yeong,Lee, Jeong Seob,Yoon, Seung Soo,Kim, Young Kwan Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.6

Two red emitters, 2-(7-(4-(diphenylamino)styryl)-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-ylidene)malonitrile (Red 1) and 2-(7-(julolidylvinyl)-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-ylidene)malonitrile (Red 2) have been designed and synthesized for application as red-light emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In these red emitters, the julolidine and triphenyl moieties were introduced to the emitting core as electron donors, and the chrome-derived electron accepting groups such as 2-methyl-(4H-chromen-4-ylidene)malononitrile were connected to electron donating moieties by vinyl groups. To explore the electroluminescence properties of these materials, multilayered OLEDs using red materials (Red 1 and Red 2) as dopants in $Alq_3$ host were fabricated. In particular, a device using Red 1 as the dopant material showed maximum luminous efficiencies and power efficiencies of 0.82 cd/A and 0.33 lm/W at $20mA/cm^2$. Also, a device using Red 2 as a dopant material presented the CIEx,y coordinates of (0.67, 0.32) at 7.0 V.

Cloning and Heterologous Expression of a Ca²⁺-Activated Chloride Channel Isoform from Rat Brain

Yoon, In-Soo,Jeong, Sang Min,Lee, Soo Nam,Lee, Jun-Ho,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Pyo, Mi Kyung,Lee, Joon-Hee,Lee, Byung-Hwan,Choi, Sun-Hye,Rhim, Hyewhon,Choe, Han,Nah, Seung-Yeol Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2006 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.29 No.11

<P>We previously reported the cloning of a calcium-activated chloride channel (CLCA) from rat brain (<I>Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.</I>, 334, 569—576 (2005)), which we designated rbCLCA1. We further showed that rbCLCA1 is expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral organs, and may be functionally expressed in mammalian HEK293 cells. In the present study, we report the successful cloning of a second CLCA from rat cerebrum (designated rbCLCA2), using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) with primers specific for rbCLCA1. We have begun to clone this cDNA based on the rbCLCA1-like sequence. The full-length rbCLCA2 cDNA, obtained <I>via</I> 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), is 2900 bp long and encodes a putative polypeptide of 905 amino acids having at least two major transmembrane domains and showing 85.2% identity to rbCLCA1. RT-PCR analysis revealed that, similar to rbCLCA1, rbCLCA2 was predominantly expressed in the rat cerebrum, cerebellum, kidney, stomach, spinal cord, lung and small intestine, but not in the heart, large intestine, liver, orand spleen. Whole-cell patch clamp studies in HEK293 cells transiently co-transfected with expression vectors encoding rbCLCA2 and EGFP allowed us to identify the presence of niflumic acid (a CLCA channel blocker)-sensitive and voltage-dependent chloride currents in cells expressing rbCLCA2 but not EGFP alone. Treatment of these cells with ionomycin, a Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> ionophore, significantly increased the novel currents in cells expressing rbCLCA2 and EGFP, but not those expressing EGFP alone, indicating that activation of the rbCLCA2 current is Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-dependent. In sum, we herein report the cloning of a second member of the rbCLCA family from rat brain and its functional expression <I>in vitro</I>, thus adding to our knowledge of anion channels and facilitating future exploration of brain and other organ physiology.</P>

Two Anthracene-Containing Materials for Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Yoon, Seung Soo,Kim, Hye Jeong,Kim, Young Kwan,Lee, Song Eun,Lee, Seok Jae Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2014 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.601 No.1

Prevalence of Eye Diseases in South Korea: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2009

Yoon, Kyung-Chul,Mun, Gui-Hyeong,Kim, Sang-Duck,Kim, Seung-Hyun,Kim, Chan Yun,Park, Ki Ho,Park, Young Jeung,Baek, Seung-Hee,Song, Su Jeong,Shin, Jae Pil,Yang, Suk-Woo,Yu, Seung-Young,Lee, Jong Soo,Lim The Korean Ophthalmological Society 2011 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.25 No.6

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>The aim of this study is to report on preliminary data regarding the prevalence of major eye diseases in Korea.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We obtained data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nation-wide cross-sectional survey and examinations of the non-institutionalized civilian population in South Korea (n = 14,606), conducted from July 2008 to December 2009. Field survey teams included an ophthalmologist, nurses, and interviewers, traveled with a mobile examination unit and performed interviews and ophthalmologic examinations.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The prevalence of visual impairment, myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism in participants over 5 years of age was 0.4 ± 0.1%, 53.7 ± 0.6%, 10.7 ± 0.4%, and 58.0 ± 0.6%, respectively. The prevalence of strabismus and blepharoptosis in participants over 3 years of age was 1.5 ± 0.1% and 11.0 ± 0.8%, respectively. In participants over 40 years of age, the prevalence of cataract, pterygium, early and late age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma was 40.2 ± 1.3%, 8.9 ± 0.5%, 5.1 ± 0.3%, 0.5 ± 0.1%, 13.4 ± 1.5%, and 2.1 ± 0.2%, respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>This is the first nation-wide epidemiologic study conducted in South Korea for assessment of the prevalence of eye diseases by both the Korean Ophthalmologic Society and the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention. This study will provide preliminary information for use in further investigation, prevention, and management of eye diseases in Korea.</P>

Molecular and Cellular Characteristics of the Colonic Pseudo-obstruction in Patients With Intractable Constipation

( Yoon Suh Do ),( Seung-jae Myung ),( Sun-young Kwak ),( Soo Han Cho ),( Enoch Lee ),( Min Jeong Song ),( Chang Sik Yu ),( Yong Sik Yoon ),( Hye Kyung Lee ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.4

Background/Aims Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a disorder characterized by recurrent symptoms suggestive of obstruction such as abdominal pain, proximal distension with extremely suppressed motility in the absence of lumen-occluding lesion, whose etiology/ pathophysiology is poorly understood. In this study we investigated a functionally obstructive lesion that could underlie symptoms of CIPO. Methods We studied colons surgically removed from 13 patients exhibiting clinical/pathological features of pseudo-obstruction but were unresponsive to standard medical treatments. The colons were characterized morphologically, functionally and molecularly, which were compared between regions and to 28 region-matched controls obtained from colon cancer patients. Results The colons with pseudo-obstruction exhibited persistent luminal distension proximally, where the smooth muscle was hypertrophied with changes in the cell phenotypes. Distinct luminal narrowing was observed near the distal end of the dilated region, close to the splenic flexure, previously referred to as the “transition zone (TZ)” between the dilated and non-dilated loops. Circular muscles from the TZ responded less to depolarization and cholinergic stimulation, which was associated with downregulation of L-type calcium channel expression. Smooth muscle contractile protein was also downregulated. Myenteric ganglia and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) positive cells were deficient, more severely in the TZ region. Interstitial cells of Cajal was relatively less affected. Conclusions The TZ may be the principal site of functional obstruction, leading to proximal distension and smooth muscle hypertrophy, in which partial nNOS depletion could play a key role. The neuromuscular abnormalities probably synergistically contributed to the extremely suppressed motility observed in the colonic pseudo-obstruction. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:560-570)

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.