정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

응집 침전에 의한 상수 원수 중의 용존 유기물 제거

하기성,정진영,이병선 釜慶大學校 1998 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.3 No.2

Surface water, as the using of raw water, usually contains several kind of organic matter. which also including natural organic matter(NOM). The organic matter produce disinfection by products(DBPs) which is created in process of the treatment of drinking water by lots of disinfection drugs. Therefore it is demanded that the DBPs should be more effectually deleted. In this report, it is estimated that removal of organic matter efficiency of each utilities coagulation settling, which using Nakdong river as raw water. And also estimated turbidity and organic matter removal ratio as per changing of pH and usual the treatment of drinking water condition. As the result, total organic carbon(TOC) concentration of suriace water of Nakdong river was researched 3∼7mg/L and in the process of coagulation at the major utilities TOC removal ratio is 15∼33%. Ortimum coagulation pH range of turbidity and organic matter remove was different each other, that was 6.5∼7.0 for turbidity and 5.5∼6.0 for organic matter. The property of remained organic matter on the process of coagulation. settling is turned out usually hydrophilic organic matter.

Extruder에서 가교된 EPDM과 HDPE 블랜드의 물성에 관한 연구

하창식,양병태,이진국 부산대학교 공과대학 1986 硏究報告 Vol.31 No.-

The blends of Ethylene-propylene-diene [terpolymer(EDPM) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) have been]prepared by the process 「dynamic curing」that depending on carrying out both blending and a crosslinking reaction at the same time in extruder. Throughout the experimental ranges, the dynamically cured polyblends were shown to be thermoplastic except for highly crosslinked blends of high portions of EPDM. From the DSC determination, the crystallinity decreased with the increasing crosslinking density. The behaviors of melt viscosity were studied as the function of the HDPE composition, the crosslinking density and the shear intensity. The overall melt viscosities were appeared from 6×10³ to 9×10⁴poise over the shear rate of between 3.5se^(-1) and 350sec^(-1) from the capillary rheometer(L/D=40).

企業 附設 硏究所 活動實態에 관한 硏究 : 釜山·慶南地域을 中心으로

河正鎭,黃圭完,申大赫,兪炳哲 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1990 硏究報告 Vol.14 No.2

The research institute of an enterprise attaches have been enlarged in korea. This study grasps the status and the research activity in the research institute of an enterprise attached in the Pusan and Kyungnam. So, we find the important role in the research institute of a enterprise attached.

경막외 혈종에서의 시야결손과 CT소견

조병일,하영수,강준기,송진언 대한신경외과학회 1982 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.11 No.4

The evidence of infarction within the territory of the posterior cerebral artery could be diagnosed clinically using follow-up CT scan in while it has been pathologically well proved entity when the tentorial herniation occurred particularly in cases of head trauma with intracranial hematoma, although its incidence was generally within 10%. Visual field defects in traumatic intracranial surface hematomas have been proposed as result of the compression of posterior cerebral artery or anterior cheroidal artery and directly optic tract or visual cortex. Authors experienced the infarction of occipital and temporal lobe on CT scans and the homonymous hemianopsia in 3 cases of 20 epidural hematomas after CT was available. The case histories and CT findings of the infarction were detailed and discussed. It may be stressed that the careful examination and frequent follow-up CT scan are performed even in epidural hematoma.

불안정성 흉요추체 방출형 골절 환자에서 기구를 이용한 고정술의 결과

안병조,이정청,김재은,김형일,김철진,최하영 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.9

Fifty six patients with unstable thoracolumbar bursting fractures were treated using variable internal fixation devices such as the Kaneda Anterior Fixation System(Kaneda device), the Z-Plate-ATL^(TM) Anterior Fixation System(Z-Plate ATL^(TM)device), the Harrington device. Cotrel-Dudousset(CD) or Compact Cotrel Dubousset(CCD) device of Steffee Transpedicular System with or without decompression. Suchy internal fixation devices were grouped into anterior and posterior internal fixation devices and compared with each other in the aspect of the degree of neurological improvement, the changes of the vertebral height and the kyphotic angle, the duration of admission, and postoperative complications. In conclusion, the anterior internal fixation device appears to be of more benefit in the management of patients with unstable thoracolumbar bursting fracture

低溫 鹽素化 反應에 依한 Silicon 製造

尹秉河,林龍進,金大龍,金圭鎬 경북대학교 공과대학 1980 工大硏究誌 Vol.9 No.-

The preparation of high purity silicon by the hydrogen reduction of sicl_4 which producted from the chlorination of commercial ferrosilicon was carried out. The chlorination rates and reaction ratio of ferrosilicon were increased with inoreasing of temperature and Cl_2 flow rate. The optimum Cl_2 flow rate and particle size of ferrosilicon was about 50ml/min and 30-40mesh, respectively. Reaction rate and reaction ratio were increased in the presence of NiCl_2, but CaCl_2, znCl_2, Cu powder and Cu-turnings were acted as an acticatalystic effects. By the addition of 10% NiCl_2 catalysis at 250℃, 66% reaction ratio for four hours was obtained. Silicon chlorides products were purified by the combination of the fractional distillation and silica gel adsorption techniques, and, using these purification techniques, all metallic and nonmetallic impurities were eliminated to unit ppm purified SiCl_4 was reduced in a graphite tube by hydrogen in the temperature range of 900-1200℃, The yields of the silicon products were increased with increasing of temperature and H_2/SiCl_4 mole ratio, and yields at 1100℃ and 1200℃ with mole ratio of 50 was 30% and 43%, respectively. Growth morphologies of silicon crystal were fine needle or cobweblike growth up to 1100℃ and coarse needle or sawtoothlike at 1200℃. These growth morphologies were little changed with precipitation substrates. The purity of silicon product which was analyzed after etching of HF and hydrochloric acid was higher than 99.99%.

탈회폐수의 질소제거

이병진,조순행 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.3

The purposes of this study were to investigate the possibility of applying ammonia stripping process for the removal of the highly concentrated ammonia nitrogen in deliming wastewater and to suggest optimal operating conditions of ammonia stripping process in the consideration of economics according to changes in the operating condition. As results, the additional effects of COD_cr, T-N, turbidity, color removal as well as increased pH of wastewater were expected by use of Ca(OH)_2 and using Ca(OH)_2 was superior economically to use of NaOH. The optimal reaction pH of ammonia stripping was 10.5. Ammonia nitrogen was removed rapidly as reaction temperature was higher and air flow rate was increased. The reaction time to satisfy 100mg NH_3-N/L was 8.4, 4.3, 3, 1.7 hrs at 25, 35, 45 and 55℃, respectively, at the air flow rate of 20L/min and up to 96.1% of organic nitrogen was removed by ammonia stripping. CaCO_3 removal process was required after ammonia stripping since the effluent of ammonia stripping process contained high concentration of CaCO_3 which were produced during aeration. Capital cost and operating cost were decreased with the increasing reaction temperature and air input. In conclusion, the ammonia stripping process was very efficient in the treatment of highly concentrated ammonia nitrogen in deliming wastewater and among applied conditions of ammonia stripping in the current study, the optimal conditions were at the pH of 10.5, the temperature of 55℃, and the air flow rate of 20L/min.

全國主要 地方의 日射量 分析

김병철,김진흥,하옥남 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1987 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.9 No.2

The insolation and meteorological data which were measured in the meteorological observatory in several locations were examined and analysed. Also mean air temperature, wind speed and amount of cloud were examined. Monthly average insolation, clear sky solar radiation, diffuse, direct, global solar radiation and the ratio of the horizontal solar radiation and extraterrestrial solar radiation were observed and analysed to be a useful data in using the solar energy.

熔融Al중에서 Fe-Cr 合金의 腐蝕機構

朴炳玉,崔丙鎭,尹秉河 경북대학교 공과대학 1987 工大硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

A kinetics study on the corrosion of Fe-Cr alloys in molten aluminium has been made under the static and isothermal conditions. The experiments were carried out at given temperature in the range of 680℃∼800℃. Radius of cylindrical specimen after partial dissolution was calculated from the weight loss of specimen. The results obtained are as follows; The intermetallic compounds on each Fe-Cr alloy is mainly composed of Fe_2Al_5. The corrosion rate, V(㎝/sec), of Fe-Cr alloys in molten aluminium obtained are as follows; Fe-1 Cr; V=0.055 exp(-9545/T) Fe-5 Cr; V=0.122 exp(-10702/T) Fe-9 Cr; V=0.301 exp(-11731/T) Values of activation energy for corrosion are equal to 19∼24Kcal/mole. These results are consistent with a mechanism where the rate-controlling step is the diffusion of Fe atoms through a liquid boundary layer.