Organic Complementary Circuits: Remarkable Enhancement of Hole Transport in Top‐Gated N‐Type Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors by a High‐k Dielectric for Ambipolar Electronic Circuits (Adv. Mater. 40/2012)

Baeg, Kang‐,Jun,Khim, Dongyoon,Jung, Soon‐,Won,Kang, Minji,You, In‐,Kyu,Kim, Dong‐,Yu,Facchetti, Antonio,Noh, Yong‐,Young WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.40

<P>On page 5433, Yong‐Young Noh, Antonio Facchetti, Kang‐Jun Baeg, and co‐workers report that high performance ambipolar complementary inverters and ring oscillators are provided by a remarkable enhancement of both hole injection and transport for n‐channel dominant N2200 OFETs. The significant enhancement of hole mobility in N2200 OTFTs is attributed to the strong dipoles in fluorinated high‐k gate dielectric blend of P(VDF‐TrFE):PMMA. </P>

Impact of Interferon-Based Treatment on Quality of Life and Work Related Productivity from the Korean Cohort in the MOSAIC Study

( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Won Hyeok Choe ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Jeong Heo ),( Dorota Latarska-smuga ),( Jiho Kang ),( Seung Woon Paik ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection increases the risk for progressive liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. HCV treatment is evolving with direct acting antivirals but IFN based therapy has been the standard of care for many years and remains available in some countries. The MOSAIC study aims to characterize patients with chronic HCV infection and assess the impact of IFN-containing treatment on health-related quality of life, work related productivity and health care utilization. Methods: MOSAIC is an international prospective multicenter observational study that has been conducted in 20 countries. Consecutive patients with chronic HCV infection were enrolled and those who initiated an IFN based regimen were prospectively followed for 48 weeks. We report results from the Korean cohort Results: 100 patients were enrolled: 86 were treatment naïve and 14 were treatment experienced. 33 patients initiated an IFN based regimen: 6 patients started IFN + RBV, 26 patients started Peg-IFN + RBV, none started Peg-IFN + RBV + DAA and 1 patient received other treatment. Among the treated cohort, demographic and disease characteristics were the following: the mean age was 54.5 years; 14 patients were male. 14 had minimal or no fibrosis, 2 portal fibrosis, 3 bridging fibrosis and 6 patients suffered from cirrhosis. HCV Genotype distribution was as follows: genotype 1: 11; genotype 2: 19 and genotype 3: 3. Table 1 describes the results at baseline and changes over 4, 12 and 48 weeks and end-of-treatment (EOT) for the quality of life and work productivity outcome measures (EQ-5D-5L, HCV-PRO and WPAI). Conclusions: Results from the Korean cohort of the MOSAIC study show a moderate trend for deterioration of health-related quality of life and work productivity associated with IFN based treatment for patients with chronic HCV infection during treatment period. Acknowledgements: The design, study conduct, analysis, and financial support of MOSAIC study were provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in the interpretation of data, review, and approval of the content of the abstract. All authors had access to all relevant data and participated in writing, review, and approval of this abstract. Medical writing support was provided by Olivier Van de Steen of Medeor-consulting, funded by AbbVie. Disclosures: Sang Hoon Ahn: served as an advisor and lecturer for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Merck, AbbVie, and has received unrestricted grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, and F. Hoffmann-La Roche for investigator- initiated trials Won Hyeok Choe: Nothing to disclosure Yoon Jun Kim: Nothing to disclosure Jeong Heo: received a grant from GSK; Research support from BMS, and Roche; Advisor for Abbvie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Pharma Essentia, SillaJen, and Johnson & Johnson. Dorota Latarska-Smuga, Jiho Kang: are employees of AbbVie, Inc. and may hold stock or stock options. Seung Woon Paik: received grant and research support from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, GSK, Merck, Novartis, and Roche

세침 흡인술을 이용한 종창된 림프절의 세포학적 평가

백강현,윤기영,최호정,정성목,이영원,조성환,박성준 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2011 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.18 No.1

Fine needle aspiration(FNA) cytology is considered as the diagnostic technique of choice in the assessment of swellen lymph nodes. The aim of this study is to determine the indication and diagnostic method of FNA of lymph node lesions performed at Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. The records of 16 patients which had undergone FNA during the study period were retrieved. The cytological results were classified as lymphadenitis, lymphoid hyperplasia and lymphoma. Lymphoma cases were classified as B-cell origin and T-cell by immunophenotyping. The result of the FNA cytological diagnosis showed that nine (56%) of the patients were lymphoma, five (31%) of the patients were lymphoid hyperplasia and two (13%) of the patients were lymphadenitis.

우심방을 침범한 거대 비호지킨씨 림프종 1예

강상범,진승원,이은경,박용현,최용호,김용주,박준철,김재형,홍순조,최규보,권종범,원용순,박건,이은희 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

공기업 민영화에서 시장구조에 따라 사회후생을 극대화하기 위한 지분율 결정모형

姜俊遠 국제무역학회 2004 국제무역연구 Vol.10 No.2

지배주주의 지분이 증가함에 따라 경영자는 이윤추구의 동기가 커진다. 이에 따라 두 가지의 효과가 발생한다. 첫째는 이윤을 증가하기 위하여 기업의 자원으로 유용하는 개인적 편익을 줄이는 등 대리인 비용을 감소하는 긍정적인 효과가 발생하는 반면에 둘째로 독점이윤의 추구로 소비자 잉여가 감소함에 따라 사회적 후생이 감소할 수 있다는 점이다. 따라서 정부가 공기업을 민영화함에 있어서는 의뢰인-대리인 모형에서 기업의 효율성 증가만을 고려할 것이 아니라 사회후생의 극대화를 위하기 위한 지분율을 선택하여야 할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 i) 사회후생을 극대화하기 위한 지배주주의 지분율이 존재하며, ii) 정부가 사회후생율 극대화하기 위한 지분율을 지배주주에게 부여하였다 할지라도 지배주주는 주식시장에서 주식을 추가 매수하여 자신의 지분율을 증가시킨다. iii) 그리고 독점시장 과점시장과 완전경쟁시장 등 해당 기업의 시장지배력이 강할수록 지배주주의 지분율은 낮게 부여하는 것이 바람직하다는 것을 보았다. As owner-manager's share increases, he has more stakes in the firm, he tries to increase profit. Owner-manager's share has two effects. One is decreasing agency cost. In order to increase the firm's profit, he reduces deriving personal benefit from the firm's resources. The other is decreasing consumer's surplus by pursuing monopolistic profit and decreasing the amount of production. So, owner-manager's share must be determined to maximize social welfare in the process of privatization of a public firm. i) This paper shows the existence of optimal owner-manager's share to maximize social welfare. ii) After owner-manager gets the social welfare maximizing share from government, he has incentive to purchase more share through stock market. iii) As the firm's market power decreases, the social welfare maximizing owner-manager's share increases.

가치사슬 관점에서 본 모바일 서비스 활성화에 대한 탐색적 연구

강윤정,이원준,김태웅 한국정보사회진흥원 2006 정보화정책 Vol.13 No.3

모바일 산업은 급속하게 성장하였음에도 불구하고 아직까지 모바일 서비스에 대한 수익이 그 기대에 못 미치고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 모바일 산업의 활성화를 위한 방안을 모색하고자 모바일 시장 상황을 각 시장 참여자의 관점에 서 이해하고자 한다. 모바일 서비스에서 부가가치를 창출하는 시장 참여자를 단말기 제조자, 콘텐츠 제공자, 네트워크 운영자로 크게 분류하고, 모바일 산업의 정책을 관여하는 정부/연구기관을 시장참여자에 추가하였다. 기존 연구를 토대로 모바일 산업의 당면과제를 수용 촉진 요인, 장애요인, 단말기 교체 요인 그리고 선결해야 될 과제로 구분하여 산업 종사자들을 대상으로 서베이조사를 하였다. 연구 결과 가치사슬 말단에 위치하여 사용자와 직접대면하고 있는 단말기 제조자들은 사용자의 관점과 유사한 시각을 나타내었으며, 상위에 있는 콘텐츠 제공자는 단말기 교체 요인에 있어 다른 시각 차이를 보였다. 해결되어야 할 현안에 대해서는 시장참여자들이 공통적으로 인식하고 있었다. 각 현안을 각 시장참여자들의 역할에서 살펴봄으로써 이를 해결하기 위해서는 시장 참여자들의 협력적 해결방안을 모색할 수 있는 단초를 제공하고 있다는 데 의의가 있다.

종업원경영체제와 Walrasian 일반균형의 경제성과 비교

강준원 東亞大學校 1998 東亞論叢 Vol.35 No.-

A general equilibrium in Labor Management Equilibrium is studied as a method to reduce inequality problem in Capitalism and to implement efficient resource allocation in Socialism. I defined Labor Management Equilibrium in which labor managed firms employs capital and surplus after paying the rent to the capital is distributed among the workers in the firm according to the amount of labor contributed to the production. In order to show the Labor Managed Equilibrium is Pareto efficient, I compared the equilibrium with neoclassical Walrasian equilibrium. Without lumpsum tax. labor managed firm produces less than entrepreneur managed firm does. But, if government levies lumpsum tax on gross output, Labor Management Equilibrium is identical to Walcasian Equilibrium and is Pareto efficient according to Fundamental Welfare Theorem. As a solution to reduce Principal-Agent problem between owners and managers, and between managers and workers the labor managed economy would be useful. Especially in Korea. it would suggest a policy implication to Employee Stock Ownership Plan as a solution to overcome ownership and economic power concentration.

일부 지역 주민에서 초기 신기능 저하의 지표로서 혈청 Cystatin C 농도의 유용성

원기범,김준섭,박준형,강혁주,이정호 동국대학교 의학연구소 2009 東國醫學 Vol.15 No.2

혈청 cystatin C농도는 혈청 creatinine농도에 비해 신기능을 정확히 반영한다고 알려져 있지만, 대규모 연구 자료가 제한적이었다. 따라서 저자는 다수의 일부 지역 주민을 대상으로 cystatin C를 creatinine과 비교하여 신기능의 지표로서 cystatin C의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 2008년 7월부터 9월까지 포항지역의 건강 검진자 999명 (남자: 324명, 여자: 657명)을 대상으로 혈청 cystatin C, 혈청 creatmine, 나이, 체중을 측정하고, Cockcroft-Gault식으로 사구체 여과율을 계산하였다. 계산된 사구체 여과율을 National Kidney Foundation의 Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI)에서 제시한 만성 신장병 분류 기준에 따라 5단계로 분류하였지만 4단계 (중증의 사구체 여과율 저하) 및 5단계 (신부전 또는 투석) 에 포함되는 대상자들의 숫자가 적어 (4단계: 4명, 5단계: 1명) 연구 대상에서 제외하였다. 대상자들의 평균 나이는 52.1 ± 17.1 세, 평균 체중은 59.7 ± 11.3 Kg,평균 혈청 cystatin C농도는 0.9 ± 0.2 mg, 평균 creatinine 농도는 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL이었다. 사구체 여과율을 각 단계별로 비교해 본 결과는 다음과 같이 혈청 cystatin C농도는 1 단계 (정상 신기능)는 0.8 ± 0.1 mg, 2단계 (경도의 신기능 저하)는 0.9 U 0.1 mg, 3단계 (중등도의 신기능 저하)는 1.0 d=0.1mg로 각각 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05).혈청 creatinine농도는 1단계는 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL, 2단계는 0.9 ± 0.1 mg/dL, 3단계는 1.0 ± 0.1 mg/dL로 l단계와 2단계 간에 차이가 없었으나 (p>0.05), 2단계와 3단계 간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05).혈청 cystatin C농도와 혈청 creatinine농도는 나이 (cystatin C: r=0.275, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.300, p<0.05) 및 체중 (cystatin C: r=0.075, P<0.05; creatinine: r=0.162, p<0.05) 과 양의 상관 관계를 보였다. 혈청 cystatin C 농도는 성별 간의 차이가 없었고, 혈청 creatinine농도는 남성에서 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 cystatin C농도는 혈청 creatinine농도에 비해 초기 신기능 저하를 반영하는 유용한 지표라고 생각된다. Although serum cystatin C has been suggested to be a better alternative marker than serum creatinine for estimating renal function, there have been limited data about its superiority over creatinine in a large number of populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate cystatin C as a renal marker compared to creatinine in a large population of the local community. We measured serum cystatin C, creatinine, age, body weight from 999 volunteers (Male; 324, Female; 657) of a single local cohort, Phohang, from July to September, 2008, and then calculated the GFR according to Cockcroft Gault(CG) formula. The population was divided into five stages followed by the chronic renal disease classification presented by KDOQI. The numbers in stage 4 (severe renal impairment), and 5 (renal failure) were too small (4 in stage 4, 1 in stage 5) to perform statistical analysis, so we excluded them. The mean age was 52.1 ± 17.1, and body weight 59.7 ± 11.3 Kg; serum cystatin C 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/L; serum creatmine 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL; CG GFR 70.6 ± 19.1 ml/min/1.73 m^(2). The tests completed for the comparison among each stage suggested the following results; serum cystatin C levels in stage 1 (normal renal function), stage 2 (mild deterioration of renal function), and stage 3 (moderate deterioration of renal function) showed the significant differences (stage 1 vs 2: 0.8 ± 0.1 vs 0.9 ± 0.1, p<0.05; stage 2 vs 3: 0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1, p<0.05). Serum creatinine levels showed no significant differences between stage 1 and stage 2 (stage 1 vs 2: 0.9 ± 0.2 vs 0.9 ± 0.1, p>0.05), but showed significant differences between stage 2 and stage 3 (stage 2 vs 3: 0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1, p<0.05). Serum cystatin C and creatinine presented positive correlation between age (cystatin C: r=0.275, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.300, p<0.05) and body weight (cystatin C: r=0.075, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.162, P<0.05). Serum cystatin C levels showed no significant difference in sex, but serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in men than women. Serum cystatin C level is suggested to be more useful parameter than serum creatinine level to evaluate early renal impairment.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.

의료관계 해부 감정예의 분석적 연구(I) : 1990년 국립과학수사연구소 감정예

姜信夢,李垣兌,李漢榮,尹順雄,全基悳,金相鉉,徐在冠,尹重鎭 大韓法醫學會 1991 대한법의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

A study of 118 autopsy cases associated with medical care in 1990 was present according to the medical department, the mode of treatment and the cause of death. The Pediatrics showed the highest rate (25.4%), followed by the Obstetrics & Gynecology (22.9%), and Internal medicine (20.2%). According to the mode of treatment, medical accidents during operation and anesthesia were 29 cases (24.6%) with highest rate in Obstetrics & Gynecology (13 cases), 38 cases (32.2%) were during medication and/or injection with highest rate in Internal Medicine (18 cases), and 51 cases (43.2%) were during general medical practice with highest rate in pediatrics (19 cases). The most prevalent cause of death was the disease of respiratory system (34.9%, 30 cases) and the diseases of cardiovascular and urogenital system accounted for 31.4% and 11.6% respectively. The main cause of death in Internal medicine was the disease of cardiovascular system (11/24 cases), the respiratory system in pediatrics (15/30 cases) and the disease of urogenital system in Obstetrics & Gynecology (9/27 cases. ) Asphyxial deaths were 7 cases and the death due to adverse drug reaction accounted for 10 cases.