파킨슨씨병 환자의 전두엽 기능 장애에 관한 연구

홍양의,이애영,김재문 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

유기성 Sludge가 잔디의 생육과 토양의 화학적 특성에 미치는 영향

金鼎濟,梁在義,趙富衍 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1991 環境硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Various kinds of the industrial wastes, when introduced into the environment, can cause many problems, Proper treatment and utilization of the wastes thus are one of the recent environmental concerns. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of organic sludge from the beer manufacturing process on the growth of the Korean turf (Zoysia japonica, STEUD.) and the chemical properties of the soil. Treatment levels of the experimental organic sludge, which was pre-treated with quicklime, were ranged fom 0 to 20kg/m³. Sowing dates were 5 to 30 days elapsed after the sludge application. Increasing levels of the experimental sludge increased height, root length, number of leaf, and yields of the turf. Planting periods interacted with treatment level of the sludge to show a positive effect on the growth parameters. Uptakes of nitrogen and calcium were also enhanced by treatment. Soil organic matter and exchangeable Ca contents were increased by the sludge treatment. Sludge caused to increase soil pH upto 8.3 and this maintained for over 60 days. A possibility to utilize this organic sludge as a fertilizer could be supported by results of positive effects of this sludge on growth, nutrient uptake and soil fertility parameters, Further researches on the utilization of the industrial wastes, concerning on treatment level, long term effect, and a possible side effect, should be followed.

7개 대학 병원에서 조사한 지역사회 폐렴의 원인균

정문현,김성민,강문원,최희정,정희진,이경원,한성우,송재훈,신형식,김의종,최강원,김민자,박승철,배현주,정윤섭,김준명,백경란,신완식,이규만,김양리 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.5

목 적 : 폐렴은 많이 발생하면서 사망률이 크게 줄지 않는 질환이며, 이를 적절히 치료하기 위해서는 원인균의 상대적 빈도, 기저 질환에 따른 변화, 항균제 내성률, 사망에 관련된 인자들을 알아야 한다. 원인균의 빈도는 지역마다 차이가 있고 국내에서는 항균제 내성률이 높아 지역사회에서 발생한 폐렴을 치료하기 위한 경험적 항균제 선택에 도움이 되기 위해 서울 소재 6개 대학 병원과 천안의 1개 대학 병원이 참여하여 위의 사항들에 대해 조사를 하였다. 방 법 : 1995년에 내과에 입원했던 16세 이상 환자를 대상으로 했다. 퇴원 진단명이 폐렴 또는 폐결핵인 병록지을 찾았고, 이중에서 병원 감염을 제외하였다. 특이도를 높이기 위해, 이들 중에서 호흡기 증상이 있고 발열이나 저체온이 있으면서 흉부 X-선에서 이상 음영이 있는 환자만을 대상으로 했다. 폐결핵은 위의 기준에 입원 초기에 항균제 치료를 하고 입원 7일 이후에야 항결핵제가 투여된 경우만을 폐렴의 원인균으로 하였다. 혈액 배양에서 양성, 객담에서 항상균이나 M. tuberculosis가 증명된 경우, 혈청학적으로 항체가가 4배 이상 증가된 경우, 조직에서 원인균이 진단된 경우는 확정(definitive) 원인균으로 하였고, 객담에서 배양된 균이 그람 도말과 일치할때, 항결액제에 대한 반응으로 진단한 폐결핵, 단일 항체가 양성이고 이에 대해 항균제를 사용했을 때는 가능(probable) 원인균으로 정의하였다. 다세균 감염균은 각각 다 른 원인균으로 처리하였다. 임상 조사와 함께 임상병리과에서 S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, mycoplasma, 항상균에 대해 검사 의뢰 건수, 배양 양성수, 항균제 감수성 결과를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 폐렴의 증례 정의에 부합하지 않은 135명과 폐결핵의 정의에 해당하지 않는 230명을 제외하고 남은 246명의 평균 나이는 58.2세이고 남성이 142명(58.2%) 이었고, 71%의 환자에서 기저 질환이 있었다. 진단 방법의 시행 횟수는 혈액 배양 77.6%, 혈청 검사 18.3%, 기관지경 검사는 4.1%였고, 세균의 항원 검사를 한 예는 없었다. 원인균이 밝혀진 예는 77명(31.3%)이었다. 다세균 감염이 4명에서 있었고, 원인균의 상대적 빈도는 결핵 20명(확정 17, 가능 3: 6개 병원 자료), 폐렴구균 18(확정8 가능 10)명과 폐렴구균이 아닌 Streptococcus 3명 (모두 확정), H. influenzae 11명(모두 가능), 그람음성간균 11명(확정 7, 가능 4) (K. pneumoniae 8건), Mycoplasma 5명(확정 1, 가능 4), S. aureus 4명(확정 2, 가능 2), mucormycosis 1명(확정)이었다. 평균 입원 기간은 19일이고, 중환자실 입원률과 인공 호흡기 사용율은 각각 18%와 9.3%였다. 사망률은 13.8%였고 사망까지 평균 기간은 14.6일 이었다. 다변량 분석에서 사망을 예측할 수 있는 인자는 저체온과 빈호흡이었다. 임상병리과에서 배양되었던 모든 폐렴구균의 Penicillin 내성률은 서울 3개 병원에서 82-88%, 천안에서 72%였다. 폐렴 환자의 혈액에서 배양된 7주는 모두 Penicillin에 감수성이 있었다. K. pneumoniae 8주 모두 cefotaxime과 gentamicin에 감수성을 보였다. 결 론 : 후향적 조사이고 병원마다 원인균 진단에 차이가 있지만, 원인이 밝혀진 경우에는 결핵과 폐렴균이 흔하였고, 무균 부위에서 배양된 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성률은 낮았다. 원인이 밝혀지지 않은 경우가 많고, 혈청검사로 진단되는 원인균이 드물며, 분리균주가 적어 항균제 내성 정도를 추정하기 어려워, 이를 밝히기 위한 전향적 조사가 필요하다. Background : Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, but its management is still challenging. The limitation of diagnostic methods to identify etiologic agents rapidly make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore the discovery of new respiratory pathogens and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric regimen. To clarify the factors necessary for the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, such as the frequency of etiologic agents, the attributable rates to death and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community, six university hospitals in Seoul and one university hospital in Cheonan were participating in this study. Methods : medical records of adults (>15 years of age) hospitalized for CAP or pulmonary tuberculosis between April 1995 and March 1996, were reviewed. Patients who satisfied all of the following criteria were included in the study: (1) fever or hypothermia; (2) respiratory symptoms; and (3) pulmonary infiltrates on chest roentgenogram. To exclude cases of pulmonary tuberculosis whose roentgenographic features were so typical that it could be easily differentiated from conventional pneumonia, two additional criteria were required for inclusion: antibiotic treatment during the first week of hospital admission and initiation of anti-tuberculosis medications thereafter. Organisms isolated from sterile body sites, acid-fast bacilli or Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from sputum, pathogens diagnosed by a 4-fold rising titer of antibodies to “atypical”pathogens, or pathogens revealed by histopathology were defined as definitive cause of pneumonia; isolates from sputum withcompatible Gram stain, pathogens diagnosed by a single diagnostic titer plus use of a specific antimicrobial agent, or tuberculosis diagnosed by clinucal response to anti- tuberculosis medications were considered probable cause of pneumonia. The records of the clinical microbiology were reviewed for isolates of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Mycobacterium or acid-fast bacilli, and Mycoplasma. Then the frequency of these agents, antimicrobial resistance rates of resiratory pathogens from all body sites, and their clinical significance were evaluated. Results: After excluding 365 patients (230 with pulmonary tuberculosis and 135 with CAP) who were screened for inclusion but did not meet the inclusion criteria,246 persons were enrolled in this study. Their mean age was 58.2 years old with slight male predominance (58.2%), and 171(71%) patients had underlying illnesses. Blood cultures were performed on 191 (77.6%) patients and serologic tests on 44(18.3%) patients. The etiologic agents were identified in 31.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was pulmonary tuberculosis (17 definite and 3 probable: data of six hospitals), S. pneumoniae (8 definite and 10 probable), non-pneumococci (3 definite), aerobic gram-negative bacilli (7 definite and 4 probable), Haemophilus spp. (11 probable), mycoplasma (1 definite and 4 probable), polymicrobial infections (2 definite and 2 probable: E. coli and S. agalactiae, M. tuberculosis and S. aureus, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae and A. baumannii and K. pneumonias), S. aureus (2 definite and 2 probable) , and mucormycosis (1 definite). Among gram-negative bacilli, K. pneumoniae was the most common agent (8isolates). therates of admission to the intensive care unitand of using assisted ventilation were 18% and 9.3%, respectively. The mortality was 13.8% and logistic regression analysis showed that hypothermia and tachypnea were associated with death. Hospital stay averaged 19 days. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae isolated from all body sites to penicillin ranged from 8% to 28% but seven isolated from blood of patients with pneumonia were susceptible to penicillin. Also all 8 isolated of k> pneumoniae from patients with pneumonia were susceptible to cefotaxime and gentamicin. Conclusion: In Korea, in addition to S. pneumoniae, M. tuberculosis is an important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. The low incidence of etiologic diagnosis is probably related to infrequent requesting of test "atypical" pathogens and does not represent the true incidence of infections by "atypical" pathogens, which well be answered by a prospective study. The antimicrobial resistance rates of major respiratory pathogens from sterile body sites are low, however, because of a small number of the isolates this result needs confirmation by a nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

Anti-inflammatory effect of gamma-irradiated genistein through MAPK and NF-κB signaling based on TLR4 in LPS-induced macrophages

Jae-Kyung Kim,Eui-Baek Byun,Nak-Yun Sung,Eui-Hong Byun,Mi-So Yang,Du-Sup Song,Jong-Heum Park,Beom-Seok Song,Ju-Woon Lee,Jae-Hun Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.11

The Effect of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation on Tendon-Healing in a Rabbit Achilles Tendon Model

( Jae Jun Yang ),( Eui Chan Jang ),( Kwang Sup Song ),( Jae Sung Lee ),( Mi Kyung Kim ),( Seung Hwan Chang ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2010 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.7 No.3

Extracellular matrix scaffolds have been examined for the repair of tendon rupture and biological materials have been reported to be promising in terms of promoting fast and natural healing by host cells with concurrent resorption of the materials. The present study investigated the healing effect of amniotic membrane, as a biological extracellular matrix scaffold, on the ruptured Achilles tendon in a rabbit model. Ten rabbits were allocated to histological evaluations at zero, two, four, and six weeks and thirteen rabbits were allocated to biomechanical studies at the same periods. Both hindlimbs underwent surgery, with one hindlimb serving as a control for the other. A partial transverse laceration through the lateral two thirds of the midsubstance of the Achilles tendon was made and left unrepaired. For the experimental limb, the laceration site was wrapped with amniotic membrane. Histological evaluation was performed with use of hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemical stain for collagen type I and III. Tensile force of the tendons was tested for biomechanical analysis and modulus was calculated. Macroscopically, there was no definitive difference in peritendinous adhesion and the cross-sectional areas of the laceration sites between two groups (p>0.05). Histologically, inflammatory response was the most apparent at two weeks in both groups and cellularity of inflammatory cells at two weeks was significantly lower in the treatment group, including neutrophils (p<0.05), mononuclear cells (p<0.05), and total cell count (p<0.05). The collagen type I and III structures were more organized in the treatment group, especially at six weeks. Biomechnically, the modulus of the tendons at four weeks was significantly higher in the treatment group (p<0.05). In conclusion, amniotic membrane enhanced maturation of the histological organization of the fibroblasts and collagen fibers, and improved the material property of the lacerated tendons in the early healing period.

Anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin through negative regulatory mechanisms of the TLR4 signaling in lipopolysaccharideinduced macrophages

Jae-Hun Kim,Jong-Heum Park,Nak-Yun Sung,Yeung-Bae Jin,Mi-So Yang,Jae-Kyung Kim,Beom-Seok Song,Ju-Woon Lee,Eui-Hong Byun,Don-Sun Im,Eui-Baek Byun 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.11

복분자와 황기의 항산화 활성 및 콜레스테롤 억제효과

홍재의(Jae-Eui Hong),조현정(Hyun Jung Jo),양보현(Bo-Hyun Yang),양승옥(Sueng-Ok Yang),김영옥(Young-Ock Kim),홍윤표(Yoon-Pyo Hong),이상원(Sang-Won Lee),장경수(Kyung-Soo Jang),신유수(Yu-Su Shin) 한국약용작물학회 2012 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.2

SWAT 모형과 BFlow를 이용한 지하수 함양, 기저유출의 시공간적 변화 분석

이지민 ( Ji Min Lee ),박윤식 ( Youn Shik Park ),정영훈 ( Young Hun Jung ),조재필 ( Jae Pil Cho ),양재의 ( Jae Eui Yang ),이관재 ( Gwan Jae Lee ),김기성 ( Ki Sung Kim ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국물환경학회 2014 한국물환경학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Occurrence frequency of flood and drought tends to increase in last a few decades, leading to social and economic damage since the abnormality of climate changes is one of the causes for hydrologic facilities by exceedance its designed tolerance. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used in the study to estimate temporal variance of groundwater recharge and baseflow. It was limited to consider recession curve coefficients in SWAT model calibration process, thus the recession curve coefficient was estimated by the Baseflow Filter Program (BFLOW) before SWAT model calibration. Precipitation data were estimated for 2014 to 2100 using three models which are GFDL-ESM2G, IPSL-CM5A-LR, and MIROC-ESM with Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenario. SWAT model was calibrated for the Soyang watershed with NSE of 0.83, and R2 of 0.89. The percentage to precipitation of groundwater recharge and baseflow were 27.6% and 17.1% respectively in 2009. Streamflow, groundwater recharge, and baseflow were estimated to be increased with the estimated precipitation data. GFDL-ESM2g model provided the most large precipitation data in the 2025s, and IPSL-CM5A-LR provided the most large precipitation data in the 2055s and 2085s. Overall, groundwater recharge and baseflow displayed similar trend to the estimated precipitation data.

Discrimination of Nonleaky Severe Combined Immunodeficiency(SCID) Mice by ELISA

Yang Kyu Choi,Jae Yoon Choi,Eui Hyun Kown,Yong Joon Kim,Chul Ho Lee,Byung Hwa Hyun 한국실험동물학회 1995 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.11 No.1