정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

이황화탄소 중독자들의 노출중단 이후의 심박동수 변이

이상윤,조성일,백도명,변창범,김미정,박경근,임상혁,양길승,황창국,전형준 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 2000년도에 이황화탄소 중독증 환자들과 대조군의 심박동수 변이를 비교하여 이황화탄소 중독증 환자들의 심박동수 변이가 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮다는 연구보고가 있었다. 당시의 연구가 이황화탄소 노출이 중단된 상태에서 이황화탄소 중독자들의 건강 문제를 연구했다는 점에 의의가 있으나 연구 결과를 해석하는데 있어 제한점들이 있었다. 이 연구는 2000년도에 수행하였던 연구의 제한점을 극복하고 이황화탄소 노출이 중단된 이후의 이황화탄소 중독자들의 심혈관계 상태를 심박동수 변이를 이용하여 평가해보고자 하였다. 방법: 이황화탄소 중독증으로 진단받은 환자 122명과 환자군의 연령대와 성별 빈도에 따라 무작위 추출한 112명을 대조군으로 선정하였다. 자기 기입식 설문지와 건강검진을 통해 연령, 성별, 신장, 체중, 흡연, 음주, 규칙적 운동, 질병력, 직업력, 흉부 방사선 촬영, 심전도 측정을 실시하였다. 연구 대상자들은 의자에 앉힌 상태에서 5분 동안 심박동수 변이를 측정하였다. 이 연구에서 측정한 심박동수 변이 지표들은 정상 RR간격의 표준편차(standard deviation of all norma-to-normal intervals, SDNN), 인접한 RR간격들의 차이를 제곱의 합의 평균의 제곱근(square root of the mean of the sum of squares of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals, RMSSD). 저주파영역(low frequency power, LF: 0.04~0.15Hz), 고주파 영역 (high frequency power, HF:0.15~0.4Hz), 전체 주파수 강도(total power, TP), 저주파/고주파 비 (LF/HF ratio)이다. 결과: 단변량 분석에서 이황화탄소 중독자들의 모든 심박동수 변이 지표들이 대조군에 비하여 낮았다. 다중선형회귀분석에서 이황화탄소 중독은 RMSSD를 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.(P<0.05). 결론: 이 연구는 이황화탄소 노출이 중단된 상태에서도 이황화탄소 중독자들에게 심혈관계와 관련된 건강문제가 있을 수 있음을 시사한다. Objectives: A previous study conducted in 2000 measuring the heart rate variability (HRV) of carbon disulfide (CS_(2))-poisoned subjected suggested that their HRV was reduced after exposure cessation. However, the study was limited by the following procedural limitations: (1) only 71 CS_(2)-poisoned subjects participated, (2) no females participated, and (3) the CS_(2)-poisoned subjects were older than the controls. This study was therefore conducted to overcome these limitations of the earlier study. Methods: The study subjects comprised 122 retired workers with CS_(2) poisoning and the same number of age- and sex-matched controls. Information on individual age, sex, height, wight, smoking history, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, medical and occupational history, chest x-ray, and ECG recording of the two groups was collected though a self-administered questionnaire and a medical examination. Standard Deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD), Total Power (TP), Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF), and LF/HF ratio were measured as HRV indices for 5 minutes in the sitting position. Results: Univariate analysis revealed that all HRV indices of CS_(2)-poisoned subjected were lower than those of the controls. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CS_(2) poisoning had negative association with all HRV indices and that its association with RMSSD was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that CS_(2)-poisoned subjects continue to have reduced HRV, even though the exposure has ceased.

골수구성 백혈병 환자에게 발생한 결핵성 림프절염

이창섭,송진수,최평균,조재현,방지환,박경화,박완범,김홍빈,김남중,윤성수,박선양,김병국,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

혈액질환 가운데 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 알려진 것은 호지킨 림프종을 포함한 림프증식성질환 그리고 모양세포성 백혈병 등이 있다. 또한 동종 골수이식을 받은 환자에서도 결핵은 증가한다고 알려져있다. Kaplan 등은 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 보고하였다. 그러나 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵의 발생이 증가하는 이유에 대해서는 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 저자들이 2년 동안 후향적으로 조사한 180명의 성인 골수구성 백혈병 환자들 가운데 결핵이 발생한 환자는 4명이었고, 발생 부위는 모두 림프절이었다. 결핵은 골수구성 백혈병의 특정 아형에만 국한되어 발생하지 않았지만, 50%에서 FAB 분류에 의한 M4였다. 림프절이 종대된 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 특히, 결핵의 유병율이 높은 나라에서는 결핵성 림프절염도 감별진단에 포함시켜야 한다. During the neutropenic phase, leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy are prone to bacterial and, fungal infections; occasionally mycobacterial, viral and protozoal organisms may also cause infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was reported very rarely in these patients. This report describes four patients with M. tuberculosis infection identified from 185 adult patients who were diagnosed myelogenous leukemia between January 2003, and December 2004. There was no patient with M. tuberculosis infection from 44 lymphoid leukemia and 11 acute biphenotypic leukemia patients. Sites of infection were all lymph nodes. Three among four patients were presented with lymphadenopathy at initial diagnosis of leukemia, and the other one presented with lymphadenopathy after induction chemotherapy. There was no patient presented with lymphadenopathy during the neutropenic phase. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was presented in a patient with three acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB class 2 M4, 1 M2) and a chronic myelogenous leukemia, accelerated phase. An acute myelogenous leukemia patient had a leukemic cell and tubercle bacilli in the same lymph node. Tuberculosis should also be included as a differential diagnosis in myelogenous leukemia patient with lymphadenopathy, especially in the countries in which the disease is endemic.

CPLD를 이용한 SDRAM Controller의 설계

이영희,오경욱,김용국 단국대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

The Dynamic RAM, which is conventionally used for the main memory of micro-processor system applied in computers, is superior for its integration but slower in its speed than the Static RAM. In this research we designed and synthesized a Synchronous DRAM Controller with VHDL to improve the defect of the conventional system. When target device was ALTERA CPLD MAX7128, 122 logic cells were used. The result of the simulation at 66㎒ clock operation, the clock-to-output time t_co was 9.5ns and the SDRAM Controler was in good working order. Therefore, it can be used for building block of the SOC's memory interface logic.

Group B Streptococci 감염의 임상양상과 Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis를 이용한 유전자형 분석

이승관,이창규,조경진,김상애,김재영,이국성 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2000 保健科學論集 Vol.26 No.1

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PPGE) has been employed as a tool to study correlation between apparent clinical features and genotyping of Group B Streptococci (GBS) infection. The result of serotyping among 45 isolates showed that serotype la, lb, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, NT (nontypeable) were 15.5%, 11.1%, 35.5%, 2.22%, 20%, 15.5%, respectively. The result of serotyping for infection group of 26 isolates showed that serotype la, lb, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, NT were 11.5%, 15.4%, 34.6%, 3.8%, 11.5%, 23%, respectively. The result of serotyping for carrier group of 19 isolates showed that serotype la, lb, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, NT were 21%, 5.3%, 36.8%, 31.6%, 5.3%, respectively. Thus, the predominant serotypes of the infection groups were serotype lb and Ⅲ, and those of the carrier groups serotype Ⅲ and Ⅴ. All isolates were characterized by PFGE analysis. Isolates were assigned to three major phylogenetic Divisions (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ) and subsequently to 16 PFGE groups (A[A1, A2, A3], B[B1, B2, B3], C, D[D1. D2, D3, D4, D5, D6], E[E1, E2], F). Seventy five percentages of Division Ⅰ belonged to the infection group. Seventy eight percentages Division Ⅱ of belonged to the carrier group. One hundred percentages of Division Ⅲ belonged to the infection group. The study on the correlation between genotype and serotype among the isolates showed that serotype Ⅲ was predominant in A1 group (5 of 5 isolates), D1 group (4 of 5 isolates), and F group (2 of 2 isolates). In addition, serotype Ⅴ was the sole serotype in C and D5 group. Those results indicated that serotyping and PFGE group analysis were highly correlated.

日本 高齡者의 雇用實態와 政策의 재검토

李經國 明知大學校 附設 日本問題硏究所 2001 日本硏究 Vol.9 No.-

응급의료센터에서 신경색의 조기진단

최경호,오동렬,이원재,박규남,박승현,황두영,김형국,정시경,김영민,김세경 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

To evaluate appropriate diagnostic studies for renal infartion in emergency medical center, we analysed 33 patients of renal infarction treated in this hospital for last 8 years. Eleven patients, 4 trauma associated and 7 aortic disease associated patients were excluded. They are 11 males and 11 females with a mean age of 51 years. Fourteen came to the emergency medical center and seven came to the outpatient department, in the other one patient renal infarction was developed during hospitalization with other disease. On their past history they had hypertension in 9, valvular heart disease in 5, and diabetic mellitus in 4 patients. Abdominal or flank pain was noted in 17 of 22(77%). The other symptoms were vomiting, nausea, fever and so on. On microscopic examination of initial urine in hospital, 5 patients showed more than 10 red blood cells by high power field examination. The mean lactic dehydrogenase level was 1,239 I.U/L(normal range 218-472 I.U/L), while the mean aspartate aminotransferase and mean alanine aminotransferase were 51 I.U/L(normal range 13-36 I.U/L) and 44 I.U/L(normal range 5-33 I.U/L). Abdominal ultrasonography showed positive findings in 5 of 16(31%), of which 3 were confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography. In 18, computed tomography was done and all those showed positive findings of renal infarction(100%). In conclusion, it is important that identify the elevated lactic dehdrogenase level in case of any suspicion about renal infarction and confirm by computed tomography.

자기공명영상용 라디오주파수 코일의 제작에 있어서 동조 및 매칭에 영향을 미치는 전기 용량 값들의 실험적 측정

양경승,신용진,김영섭,한재진,이성길,김승국,김영근,지연상 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 自然科學硏究 Vol.26 No.-

Radio frequency coil which is capable of transmit and receive the signal has been used for image production in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Tuning and matching characteristic of radio frequency coil is major factor determining the image quality. In experiment the used coil was called a staircase type coil which is simplified the birdcage coil and referred to a simple LC resonant circuit. Because the inductance values of the coils are fixed coil performance was examined by changing of the capacitance values. In this study capacitance values were experimentally determined to increase of-tuning and matching effect in junction of the coil between coil endring and BNC cable to obtain the high quality of image.

Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy 열형광선량계에서 활성제 농도가 Glow Curve에 미치는 영향

노경석,채근식,오재근,김영국,이은숙,설정식,손인호 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1996 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy thermoluminescent phospher has been prepared by sintering Mg₂SiO₄after doping the transition elements Tb, Nd and Dy. The heating rate is 10℃/sec at this thermoluminescent phospher are heated. From the results of this study, the following conclusions were obtained. The maximum peaks are found in the measured Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy, and TL glow curve at 289℃, 252℃ and 220℃ when the 1wt.% ∼ 5wt.%. Glow curve of TLD increased TL intensity and temperature of peak appears to the high temperature when the heating rate is 10℃/sec∼25℃/sec. The activation energy of the main peak has been estimated by the peak shape method. The estimated activation energies are 1.26 eV, 0.53 eV and 0.80 eV respectively. The thermoluminiscence process in Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy are found to the 2nd order when the main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by peak shape method. The Mg₂SiO₄: Tb thermoluminescent phosphor is the most sensitive to X-rays among the other materials. The dose responses of Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Dy TLD are linear up to intensity of X-ray.

용인대학교 재학생의 인성검사 분석

장국진,이인경 용인대학교 학생생활연구소 1995 학생생활연구 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of the study was to analysis and understand the students’personality traits and to guide the students’adjustment to university and society in harmony using Personality Trait Test (Hwang, 1993). The results were followings. First, for male students five traits except reflection and achievement were quite similar showed higher than those of norms. Second, each college revealed the unique profile. Third, distribution of percentile score was examined. 2.2% of male students and 3.09% of female students scored 95 percentile in clinical scale. Forth, significant differences among departments in colleges were not revealed in general. Fifth, for male students, significant differences in the following traits were shown among colleges; activity, stability, sociability, psychosis, and antisocial behavior were revealed among colleges. Implication and suggestions for further study were discussed based on results.