Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

1930년대 『불교』지 문학장의 구성과 문학적 실현 양상 - 편집인과 직원·기자를 중심으로 -

김종진(Kim Jong Jin) 불교학연구회 2016 불교학연구 Vol.48 No.-

근대 불교 잡지는 1912년에 간행된 『조선불교월보』를 기점으로 2~30종정도가 전해지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이들 잡지 가운데 가장 안정적인 기반을 가지고 오랫동안 간행된 잡지는 단연 『불교』(전108호, 1924.7~1933.7)이다. 『불교』는 다양한 사상적 담론 외에 역사적 문화적 문학적 내용이 호마다 편제되어 있어 종합지적인 성격을 보여준다. 1920년대 『불교』지에 구현된 문학장에 대한 선행 고찰에 이어 본고에서는 1930년대의 문학장 구성의 주체와 그 문학적 실현 양상에 대해 살펴보았다. 연구 대상은 대표 편집인과 소속 직원 및 기자들이다. 이들은 단순히 행정적 역할만 한 것이 아니라 이 시기 문학장 구축의 주체로서 자리 잡고 있으며 실제로도 문학 작품 창작을 통해 문학장을 구현하는데 주도적 역할을 하고 있기 때문이다. 본고는 권상로에 이어 편집인으로 등장한 한용운이 새로운 편제를 통해 신진문사들을 다수 등장시킨 경과를 살펴보았고, 권두언에 새로운 산문시를 게재함으로써 문학지의 성격을 가미한 것을 확인하였다. 이렇게 구축한 [불교시단]을 통해 이 시대 새로 약진하는 강원, 전문학교 출신의 문학청년 40여 명이 시인으로 성장할 기회를 갖게 된다. 만해는 이들 신진 문사들, 불교문학청년들을 지면으로 이끌어내는데 좌장 역할을 한 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 이와 함께 김태흡, 도진호, 김일엽, 안진호 등 불교사의 전 현직 직원 및 기자(촉탁기자 포함)들은 시, 시조, 기행문, 수필, 희곡, 설화, 소설 등 다양한 양식을 활용하여 불교문학장을 확장하는데 기여하였다. 이들의 글은 1920년 말의 일반문인의 문학작품을 대체하면서 종교성과 시대성을 강화하는 1930년대 초의 경향성을 보여준다. With its starting point Joseon Buddhism Monthly Journal published in 1912, about 20~30 modern Buddhist journals have been created and known. Among them, the long-time published journal with the most stable foundation would be Bulgyo (Buddhism), published from July 1924 to July 1933, with a total 108 volumes. Buddhism was composed of historic, cultural, and literary contents other than ideological discourse, showing the character of a general journal. Following exploration of the previous studies on the literature field of Buddhism in the 1920’s, this study investigated the subject and power of a literature field in the 1930’s. The main targets were representative editors, associated personnel and reporters. They did not only conduct administrational works but acted as the subjects to form a literature field as well. In fact, they played an initiative role in embodying a literature field through creating literary works in reality. This study explores the new section created by Han Yong-un (Manhae), the editor who put his own poem in the beginning of the journal, adding a character of literature journal, and also the literary men he introduced through the section. During this process, about 40 new poets from monastic schools or professional schools made their debut through the section Buddhist Poems . Han Yong-un was the center of this change. In addition, former and present reporters including Kim Tae-heup, Doh Jin-ho, Kim Il-yeop, Ahn Jin-ho, etc., were active in various types of literary fields such as poetry, travelogues, essays, plays, novels and legendary stories, and they expanded the horizons of Buddhist literature. At the end of the 1920’s, their works substituted those of general writers and heralded the tendency of reinforcing religiosity and contemporaneity in literature in the 1930’s

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

유도 '되치기 본'의 개선 방안에 관한 연구

김의환,김도준,김규수,김관현,김종달,최종삼,조용철,박순진,윤익선,안병근,정 훈,김미정,한성철 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1999 武道硏究所誌 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to reform practically a Korean Judo's Doechigi-Bon(Forms of Counterattack, judo's Gaeshi no Kata, Judo's Uradori no Kata, Judo's Gonosen no Kata) that was established in 1955 Korea, according to changing of techniques by Judo's modernization, in order to have Judo's carefulness and systematic diffusion. Reform procedure of Judo's Doechigi-Bon was 1st stage, Questionnaire survey 303 judokas, 2nd stage, Technical seminar by judo experts(12 judo professor) 4 times, 3rd stage, wording report for reform, 4rd stage, Discussion and judgement of Teaching and Judgement commission of Korean judo Association(KJA), 5th stage, Public hearing for reform in KJA, 6th stage, Report and decision of board of directors in KJA, 7th stage, public publication of Judo News(No.53) in KJA. Basic principle of reform of Judo's Doechigi-Bon were as table 1. Table 1. Basic principle of reform of Judo's Doechigi-Bon ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Items Reformed Key Points of Judo's Doechigi-Bon ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Structure 1) Grand classification : Classified by 3 parts(1,2,3Gyo) 2)Medium classification : Te waza, Goshi waza, Ashi waza devided per each part(Gyo) 3)Sub-classification : Classified five techniques per each part(Gyo) 2. Contents 1) Selected established techniques as possible 2) Considered rationalty and overlapping of counterattack techniques 3. Decision of Conterattack techniques 1) Refered to results of Basic Questionnaire survey 2) Priority to decisions of Judo expert technical seminar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reformed Korean Judo's Doechigi-Bon(Forms of Counterattack techniques-KJA, 1999) are as follows: 1. Gyo; ① Uki otoshi -> Uchi mata ② Harai goshi -> Harai goshi gaeshi ③ O soto gari -> O soto gake ④ Ko uchi gari -> Sasae tsurikomi ashi ⑤ O uchi gari -> Ko soto gari 2. Gyo; ① Ippon seoi nage -> Okuri eri jime ② Tsuri domi goshi -> Uki waza ③ Okuri ashi harai -> Okuri ashi harai ④ Ko soto gari -> Tai otoshi ⑤ Hiza guruma -> Hiza guruma 3. Gyo; ① Kata guruma -> Sumi gaeshi ② Tai otoshi -> Ko soto gari ③ Hane goshi -> Harai tsurikomi ashi ④ Uchi mata -> Tai otoshi ⑤ Tomoe nage -> O uchi gari

만해 『유심』의 창간 동인(動因)과 후속세대

김종진(Kim, Jong-Jin) 동국대학교 불교문화연구원 2021 佛敎學報 Vol.- No.96

본고는 『유심(惟心)』(통권 3호, 1918.9~1918.12) 창간에 내재한 만해의 논리를 파악하기 위해, 만해의 저서 『조선불교유신론(朝鮮佛敎維新論)』이 『불교대전(佛敎⼤典)』과 『정선강의채근담(精選講義菜根譚)』을 거쳐 『유심』으로 이어지는 맥락을 살펴보았다. 『조선불교유신론』(불교서관, 1913)의 「논승려지교육(論僧侶之敎育)」과 「논포교(論布敎)」장은 후에 펼쳐질 저술 활동의 예비적 논리와 다름이 없다. 연설로 포교하고, 신문, 잡지를 통해 포교하며, 경을 번역 유포하는 포교 방식의 주창은 장래 만해의 활동을 선언하는 것으로 의미가 있다. 만해는 『조선불교유신론』에서 밝힌 이상을 구현하는 방안을 모색하였고 그 결과 사부대중이 의지할 새로운 방식의 경전 요약집인 『불교대전』(범어사, 1914)을 펴냈다. 이 책은 만해의 이후 저술에서 강조되는 수행, 수양과 연결되는 지점이 있는데, 제6 「자치품」은 자기 수행을 위한 덕목을 제시하였고, 제7 「대치품」은 사회적 존재로서 원활한 역할을 다하기 위한 여러 덕목을 제시하였다. 『불교대전』의 제6, 7품에 담긴 수양 담화는 『정선강의채근담』(신문관, 1917)을 통해 발전적으로 확장되었다. 이 책은 유불도 등 다양한 사상적 스펙트럼을 보여주고 있어 수양론을 대중적으로 확산하는 호재료로 활용할 수 있었다. 이러한 저술 활동의 연장선에서 근대청년의 수양서로 『유심』은 기획되었다. 『유심』은 잡지의 구성과 필진, 내용 등에서 최남선이 펴낸 청년 대상의 잡지 『청춘』에서 받은 영향이 크다. 후속세대의 창작 공간인 「현상문예」란을 마련하여 청년의 등장을 견인한 것도 마찬가지다. 이를 통해 지면에 등장한 후속세대는 문학계에 널리 알려진 방정환 외에도 20년대 이후 불교청년운동의 대표주자로 성장한 김법린, 이영재가 주목된다. 『유심』 창간호를 읽고 독자로서 투고한 ‘위음인(威音人)’ 도진호 역시 불교청년운동의 주역으로서 공적인 지면에 처음으로, 그리고 함께 등장한다는 의의가 있다. 『유심』은 이들 신진세대, 청년들에게 지면을 제공함으로써, 후속세대의 등장과 성장을 견인한 의의가 있다. This study explored the context of Manhaes works from his book “Joseon Buddhist Reformation” (朝鮮佛敎維新論) through “Corpus Buddhism” (佛敎⼤典), and “the Origin Analects on Jeongsun Lecture” (精選講義 菜根譚) to “Yushim” (惟心) so as to understand Manhaes internal logic in the founding of “Yushim” (Volume 3, 1918.9-1918.12). The chapters titled “Discussing the Education of Monks” (論僧侶之敎育) and “Discussion of Missions” (論布敎) of “Joseon Buddhist Reformation” (1913) are no different from his preliminary logic of writing activities which would unfold later. His advocacy of using newspapers and magazines as means of propagation and the translation and disseminating of scriptures is meaningful as a declaration of Manhaes future activities. Manhae sought a way to realize the ideal set forth in “Joseon Buddhist Reformation”, and, as a result, published the “Corpus Buddhism” (1914), a collection of new-style scriptures that the four types of people who follow the teachings of Buddha would rely on. Furthermore, this book connects to the practice and discipline emphasized in Manhaes later writings. In particular, the 6th “Jachipum” presented the virtues for self-discipline, whereas the 7th “Daechipum” presented various virtues to fulfil ones role as a social being. The discipline colloquy contained in the 6th and 7th “pums” of “Corpus Buddhism” was developed and expanded through the “Origin Analects on Jeongsun Lecture” (1917). This book covered a variety of ideological spectrums, including Buddhism; as such, it was possibly used as good material to spread the theory of discipline to the public. As a result of these personal writing activities, “Yushim” was planned. “Yushim” was launched as a one-man magazine, but various intellectuals of the time participated in it. Furthermore, the influence of “Cheongchoon”, a youth magazine published by Choi Nam-seon, can be observed on the composition, writing staff, and content of the magazine. In “Yushim,” the works of the next generation, which would become the pillars and beams of Buddhism in the future, were discovered and introduced. Bang Jeong-hwan (小波生), who entered the stage through a literary contest, is not the only emerging generation known in the past. This study predetermined a Buddhist youth in Hwaeomsa temple, who submitted work under a pseudonym of ‘WiEumIn’ as Do Jin-ho, and confirmed the discovery of Kim Beop-rin (鐵啞) and Lee Yeong-jae (李英宰),- both of which were selected through a literary contest, and makes up part of influx of the young generation into the magazine. They emerged as representative players of Joseons Buddhist youth movement in the 1920s and 1930s. As a result, this study discovered the significance of “Yushim” in driving the activities of the next generation by providing them with a space. “Yushim” was a three-dimensional structure that opened the way for communication, both vertically and horizontally, in which the knowledge infrastructure of the past, present, and future was built beyond the writings of Han Yong-un.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

老齡者의 建康을 위한 生活習慣 實態調査

申東敏,長鳳愚,李揆文,金賢俊,金昌範,崔宗洙,崔鍾晥,李鍾珏,金圭碩,趙庚旭,金鍾聲,朴鍾振 平生體育硏究所 論文集 1987 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

With a view to examining the habit and method in which old people maintain and improve their health, we consulted 551 men and 444 women who were over 65 years old, and concluded as follows: 1. Habit of eating It's been revealed that most of the old people keep a regular eating hour, control the quantity of meal or eat a little food, and prefer vegetables to meat. 2. Mental health Old people feel the necessity for mental health and most of them (about 80%) keep good mental health without becoming pessimistic. Their chief concenrs have turned out to be about their sons and daughters and their own health and finance. 3. Managing Good Health It has been revelaed that old people do not possess any special kind of secret to keep good health but taking plenty of rest, regular meal, and proper exercise, and many of them (about 60%) have been shown to eat invigorant food that they can easily get around their living area. 4. Physical Functions It has been revealed that many old people are conscious of some symptoms about their parts of body and about to percent of them suffers from neuralgia. Some measures like medical aid especially for old people need to be taken as soon as possible. As we have found that the health-keeping method of old people consists plenty of rest, proper exercise, and appropriate nutrition, we can conclude that the recreatonal and culture facilities and programs for keeping old people in good health should be developed. It is also necessary to study food that contribute to their health and develop ways to get rid of the stresses to which they are exposed in their daily life. Presides, it is natural that government found an administrative department to deal with these matters effectively.

강변여과에서 파일럿규모 수평집수관의 수두분포 연구

정재민(Jae Min Jeong),박재영(Jae Young Park),이종진(Jong Jin Lee),김용운(Yong Woon Kim),김승현(Seung Hyun Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.5

강변여과용 수평집수관을 모사하는 파일럿 규모의 모래통 실험을 수행하였으며, 다양한 출구유속에 대한 수평집수관에서의 수두분포를 구하였다. Kim24)이 수행한 실험실 규모의 수평집수관에서의 손실수두에 Kim25)이 개발한 이론 즉, 작은 규모의 수평집수관에서의 손실수두로부터 큰 집수관의 손실수두를 계산하는 방법을 적용하여 본 연구의 관측치와 비교함으로써 Kim25)의 이론이 타당함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 이들의 이론을 적용하여 본 연구에서의 관측치로부터 실규모 집수관에서의 수두분포를 구하는 방안을 예를 들어 설명함으로써 강변여과의 수평집수관 설계방법을 제시하였다. A pilot-scale sand-box experiment simulating a lateral of collector well used in riverbank filtration was performed, and hydraulic head distributions along the lateral were measured according to the various drawdowns at the well. The results of this experiment were compared to the predicted values obtained using a theory previously developed by Kim25) in order for its validation. This theory predicts the head loss in a large-scale lateral given the loss in a small-scale one, and to have actual values for comparison, the results from a lab-scale experiment previously performed by Kim24) were employed. Comparing the experimental values to the extrapolated value indeed confirmed the validity of the theory. A procedure to determine the hydraulic head distribution of a practical-scale lateral was also presented applying the theory to the experimental result of this study in an effort to show the process of lateral design for riverbank filtration.

간 세포암에서 VEGF, TGF-β1, b-FGF 발현의 의의

김성용,남충현,주종우,채만규,백무준,이문수,김형철,안현철,김홍수,김창진,김창호 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: Angiogenesis is important for the proliferation and the metastasis of solid tumors. The growth of a solid tumor is widely recognized to depend on the process of neovascularrozation. Without angiogenesis, tumors cease to grow beyond even a few milimeters in diameter. It has been shown that tumor vascular density is an independent prognostic marker in several types of human tumors and is known to correlate with poor prognosis. To date, many angiogenic factors have been identified, such as transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor family(FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor(PD-ECGF), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and angiogenin. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the second most common tumor in Korean males and is known as a typical hypervascular tumor with frequent portal vein invastion. The authors identified the expreesion of VEGF, TGF-β1, and b-FGF in HCC specimens and evaluated the relationship between these growth factors and the clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC. Method: We reviewed the medical records of 30 patients who were diagnosed as hepatocellular carinoma treated with hepatic resection between January 1994 and December 1998 in Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital. The selection of the cases was decided according to the condition of paraffin block fixation. The prognostic factors such as age, sex, tumor size, concentration of serum α-fetoprotein, presence of liver cirrhosis, presence of tumor emboli in portal vein, TMN stage, amount of transfusion during the operation, hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection, and Edmonson-Steiner(E-S) grade were investigated. Relationship between the prognostic factors and the immunopathologic expression of the TGF-β1, b-FGF, and VEGF was examined. Result: Thirty patients (24 males, 6 females) were included in the current study. The patient's mean age was 50.6 years and the age ranged from 36 to 65 years. The mean size of the tumor was found to be 5.2cm. All the patients were follewed up for 7 to 63 months. Child's classification A patients were 23(76.7%)cases, B patients were 7(23.3%)cases, and C was none. Immunohistochemical staining of HCC tumor mass in VEGF expression patients were 17(56.7%), b-FGF expression patients were 10(33.3%), and TGF-β1 expression patients were 10(33.3%). VEGF expression or more than one positive expression among the three factors correlated with tumor size and the stage of HCC but did not correlated with other clinicopathological characteristics. TGF-β1 and b-FGF did not correlate with any clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusion: The results suggest that the expression of VEGF or more than one positive expression among the three factors in HCC cells may be a significant prognostic factor of HCC.

항암제 처리한 백혈병 세포주에서의 Apoptosis 발현

김삼용,윤소현,김현수,김종숙,윤환중,김진경,조덕연 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

The bcl-2 proto-oncogene encodes a 26 kD protein that promotes cell survival by blocking apoptosis. The bax protein is a member of the bcl-2 familly, now known to form heterodimers with the bcl-2 protein. The ratio of bax to bcl-2 is be critical in determining the fate of the cell in response to stimuli that can induce apoptosis. Extract of Pulsatilla Koreana (SB-31) showed promising antitumor activity in vitro with Topo I inhibitory action. In the present study, the relationship between apoptosis and the apoptosis related proteins, bcl-2 and bax were investigated in human leukemic cell lines HL-60, U-937 and CEM-CM3. All anticancer drugs(adriamycin, etoposide, camptothecin, SB-31) induced extensive apoptosis in HL-60, U-937 cells and CEM-CM3 cells. The expression of bcl-2 and bax protein were determined in cell lines by western blotting before and after incubation with anticancer drugs at different time points. 1) In HL-60 or U-937 cell lines, down regulation of bcl-2 and up-regulation of bax were found after incubation with ADR, VP-16 or camptothecin. 2) In HL-60 or U-937 cell lines, no significant change in bcl-2 or bax protein expression resulted after incubation with SB-31. 3) In CEM-CM3 cells, virtually no change was noted in bcl-2/bax expression after incubation with ADR, VP-16, camptothecin or SB-31. It is suggested that different leukemic cell lines use different pathways of apoptosis activation and a given cell may utilize different pathways of apoptosis activation in response to different cytotoxic agents.