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Hexachlorocyclohexane에 의한 肝細胞 傷害機轉과 Glutathione의 影響에 關한 超微細形態學的 硏究
李元基,黃一愚,孫泰重 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.1
저자는 HCH투여로 인한 간세포의 변화를 알아보고 또 이에 대한 glutathione의 방어 효과를 알기 위하여 생쥐에 0.15%의 HCH을 1일 1회 0.1㎖, 0.2㎖를 단독으로 혹은 glutathion과 같이 7일간 투여한 후 형태학적으로 검색한 소견을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 광학현미경 소견으로는 간세포의 위축, 핵내의 공포화, 핵농축 및 핵소실등을 특징으로 하는 가역성 및 비가역성변화가 주로 간소엽의 중심대에 나타나며 이들 변화는 투여량이 많으면 다소 현저하여지고 glutathione을 같이 투여한 군이나 그렇지 않는 군과의 사이에는 차이가 없었다. 전자현미경 소견으로는 핵에 있어서는 핵 윤곽의 불규칙, heterochromatin의 증가, 핵소체의 위축, nucleolonema의 소실등 핵의 기능저하를 나타내는 소견이 주로 나타나고 분비기능과 관련되는 구조물에 있어서는 그 기능의 저하를 나다내는 rER의 감소, ribosome의 탈락, Golgi장치의 위축 및 그 내강의 VLDLP의 소실등의 현상이 나타나고 sER의 증식, glycogen 과립의 감소 내지 소실, cristae의 증가를 동반하는 mitochondria의 변형 내지 거대화, 그리고 microbody의 증가등 간세포의 해독 기능과 관련되는 구조물에 있어서는 기능항진 현상이 나타나고 그밖에 퇴행성변화로서 Cristae의 감소 내지 소실을 동반하는 mitochondria의 팽화, 세장화 및 거대화, 각종 lysosome의 증가, lipid droplet의 증가등이 나타나고 Kupffer 세포에서는 탐식능의 항진을 나타내는 현상으로 생각되는 phagosome이 심히 증가하였고 보통의 경우 관찰할 수 없는 3층 구조물이 mitochondria 내에서 관찰되었다. 이상의 소견으로 보아 HCH를 투여하면 간에 있어서 두가지의 현상이 한세포내에 같이 혹은 별도로 출현한다. 즉 HCH로 인한 간세포 상해현상으로서는 핵의 위축, cristae의 감소 내지 소실을 동반하는 mitochondria의 팽화, 세장화 및 거대화, 각종 lysosome의 출현, rER의 수포화 및 감소, rER의 ribosome의 탈락등이 일어나고 HCH를 해독하기 위한 현상으로서는 sER의 증식, glycogen 과립의 감소, cristae 증가를 동반하는 mitochondria의 변형 및 거대화, microbody의 증가등이 일어나며, 이들 변화는 투여량이 많으면 더 증가하고 glutathione의 병용투여로서 그 변화가 다소 경감되는 경향이라 생각된다. 그리고 mitochondria에서 관찰된 간 세포에서는 볼 수 없는 층상구조물에 대해서는 앞으로 더 관찰할 흥미있는 것이라 믿어진다. It is a well known fact that hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) remains unexcreted in the liver cells and extend toxic effect to them, but the mechanism is not understood in detail. This study was carried out in an attempt to investigate the mechanism of toxic effect of HCH on liver cells by examining the ultrastructural alterations after HCH administration and also glutathione was added to HCH to see if it has any protective effect to the hepatocyte damage. Thirty-four experimental mouse weighing about 30gm were divided into 3 groups: group I was given 0.1㎖ of HCH to 3 mice and 0.2㎖ to 3 mice intramuscularly daily for 7 days, group 2 20mg of glutathione added and group 3 only the solvent, olive oil, as a control. The animals were sacrified on day 8 and on day 10. The results were summarized as follow: On light microscopic examination the liver cells revealed atrophy, intranuclear vacuolization, pyknosis and karyolysis. These changes were particulary prominent in the centrilobular zones, and were more severe in the group treated with high dosage, but no evidence of protective effect of glutathione was noted. Electron microscopically, nuclei showed irregularity of nuclear contour, increase of heterochromatin, and atrophy and loss of nucleolonema of nucleoli, Secretory organelles, showed decrease of rER, shedding of ribosome, and atrophy and loss of VLDLP in Golgi apparatus suggesting functional derangement. On the other hand, changes of organelles involved in detoxication suggested increased activity by revealing of proliferation of rER, decrease or loss of glycogen particles, distorted and enlarged mitochondria combined with increase of cristae and increase of microbody. Also degenerative changes were noted such as welling of mitochondria with decrease and loss of cristae, increase of primary and secondary lysosomes, and increase of lipid droplets. Kupffer cell showed increase of phagosome suggesting increased phagocytic activity. Thee results are suggesting that two different phenomena are occuring in the liver cells by HCH injection. The one was liver cell injury and the other was increased activity of organelles involved in detoxication. The severity of changes was more strong in higher dosage group. Administration of glutathione seemed to lessen the toxic effects of HCH in mild degree.
조백기,박종갑,김형옥,김성욱,백승철,김진우,김시용,안규중,전재복,오지원,김낙인,이규석,오칠환,김수남,김상태,손숙자,신용우,김동석,이원우,권경술,서대헌,황규왕,이종석,고재경,강원형,정기양,최응호,김기홍,박석돈,강승주,함정희,명기범,김방순,구상완,김병수,원영호,김한욱,송은섭,정병수,노병인,홍창권,박장규,한지윤,김광중,구대원,김종민,김재홍,유희준,양경미 대한의진균학회 1998 대한의진균학회지 Vol.3 No.2
Background: Onychomycosis, especially toenail onychomycosis has become one of the common fungal infection and has historically been regarded as a cosmetic rather than medical problem by many patients, even by physicians. Recently, however, there are several reports that is a refractory disease which may cause a deleterious effect on patiets quality of life (QOL). Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of toenail onychomycosis on QOL in Korea and to assess the chandes of QOL after treatment. Methods: Total 1004 patients with toenail onychomycosis which was confirmed by clinical findings and KOH preparation were were enrolled at 47 dermatologic centers in Korea, and interviewed with standardized QOL questionnaire before and after sytemic antifungal treatment. Responses to the questionnaire were scored by 5-point scale (1∼4) and averaged, and were analyzed for 5 dimensions of emotional impact, social impact, symptorn and functional impact, patients views concerning treatment, and relationship with doctor. Results: 1. Before and after treatment, the most serious impact was emotional dimension showing 1.90 and 1.30 in average score (AS), and social (AS: 1.14 and 0.83) and symptom and functional impact (AS: 1.05 and 0.92) was also affected. 2. In female rather than male, statistically more significant impact on patients QOL was observed in all dimensions. 3. After treatment, 3 of 5 dimensions were improved significantly - emotional dimension (AS : from 1.90 to 1.30), social dimension (AS: from 1.14 to 0.83), patients view concerning treatment (AS: from 1.34 to 1.02). 4. The drgree of patients satisfaction at the therapeutic effect was very high- 62.4% (immediately after treatment) and 65.8% (9 months affer initiation of treatment) of patients answered excellent or good. Conclusion: This study confirms that toenail onychomycosis has significant impact on the overall QOL of patients. Also the effect of antifungal therapy on patients QOL were watisfactory. Therefore, both doctor and patient should pay more attention to the treatment of onychomycosis. [Kor J Med Mycol 3(1): 115∼124]
Constrained Robust Kalman Filtering for Passive Source Localization
Won-Sang Ra,Ick-Ho Whang,Tae-Sung Yoon 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In this paper, a constrained robust Kalman filter(CRKF) approach to passive target localization based on a geometrically constrained sensor network is newly proposed. Our approach is strongly motivated by the in he rent problem of the previous stochastic robust Kalman filters(RKFs) which are very sensitive to the in a ccurate aprioristatistical information on the stochastic parametric uncertainties. To solve this sensitivity problem, an additional state-equality constraint comes from the given sensor geometry is a ugmented with the conventional stochastic RKF costusing Lagrange multipliers. A minimizing solution to this constrained optimization problem givesus a new CRKF recursion. From the resultant filter structure, it is shown that the use of additional state-equality constraint corrects the imperfect statistical knowledge on the stochastic uncertainties and plays an important roleinensuring both the otimality and the reliability of the proposed filter. Computer simulations for the passive target tracking based on geometrically constrained sensor network demonstrate the reliable estimation perfomance of the proposed method compared to the existing ones.
Isolation of Insect pathogenic bacteria from Bombus terrestris and B. ignitus in Korea
Won Tae Kim,Byeong Do Park,Ji Young Choi,Jong Gill Kim,Seok Jo Whang,Hyung Joo Yoon,Sang Mi Han,Mi Ae Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.05
Bumblebees are important pollinators in greenhouse and have colonized all parts of the World. In Korea, the value of bumblebees is increasing as pollinator. However, the more recent use of reared colonies may ultimately allow pathogens to spread to peripheral areas for bumblebees. Generally, bumblebees are hosts to a large number of parasites which are mites, flies, protozoa, fungi, virus and bacteria. For most of these, very little is known about their effects against host insect, epidemiology or evolutionary ecology. So, we report pathogenic bacteria isolated from Bombus terrestris and B. ignitus at first time in Korea. Bacillus fusiformis and Klebsiella oxytoca are isolated from B. terrestris and confirmed with 16S rRNA gene nucleotide comparison in NCBI genebank. Pathogenicity of B. fusiformis was 35~40% against B. terrestris. Pantoea dispersa and K. oxytoca are isolated from B. ignitus and confirmed with 16S rRNA gene nucleotide comparison in NCBI genebank. Pathogenicity of these species were 35~40% against B. ignitus. These pathogenicity are considered as low-level.
주행거리계의 기구적 오차에 강인한 개선된 상대 위치추정 알고리즘
나원상(Won-Sang Ra),황익호(Ick-Ho Whang),이혜진(Hye-Jin Lee),박진배(Jin Bae Park),윤태성(Tae-Sung Yoon) 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.9
In this paper, a novel localization algorithm robust to the unmodeled systematic odometry errors is proposed for low-cost non-holonomic mobile robots. It is well known that the most pose estimators using odometry measurements cannot avoid the performance degradation due to the dead-reckoning of systematic odometry errors. As a remedy for this problem, we try to reflect the wheelbase error in the robot motion model as a parametric uncertainty. Applying the Krein space estimation theory for the discrete¬time uncertain nonlinear motion model results in the extended robust Kalman filter. This idea comes from the fact that systematic odometry errors might be regarded as the parametric uncertainties satisfying the sum quadratic constrains (SQCs). The advantage of the proposed methodology is that it has the same recursive structure as the conventional extended Kalman filter, which makes our scheme suitable for real-time applications. Moreover, it guarantees the satisfactory localization performance even in the presence of wheelbase uncertainty which is hard to model or estimate but often arises from real driving environments. The computer simulations will be given to demonstrate the robustness of the suggested localization algorithm.