동충하초 투여가 최대하 운동 시 지방연소에 미치는 영향

김철우,이용수,이상현,이상호,하민수,윤영조,이재일 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation during submaximal exercise. Fifteen healthy male collegiate students(ingestion group, N=7; control group, N=8) participated as subjects after signing an informed consent following overnight, subjects completed maximal graded execise test on treadmill to determine exercise intensity(50%VO2max). To evaluate the fat oxidation using indirect calorimeter, it was performed submaximal treadmill to determine exercise lasting. 40min at 50%VO2max after 5day and consumed Cordyceps militaris on separate days. This study was used 2×4 two way repeated ANOVA to analyze physiological and metabolic variables between two groups and metabolic variables between two groups and four exercise periods(l0min, 20min, 30min 40min), and used Scheffe to post-hoc test. Significance was set at α=.05. The results of this study were as followed: First, there were significantly highest in ingestion group for V02, percentage of fat oxidetion(%fat), fat per kilocarolies(Fkcal), and total per kilocarolies(Tkcal)(p<.05), but respiratory exchange ration(RER) and heart rete(HR) were significantly lower in ingestion group(p<.05). Second, RER, %fat, Fkcal were significantly difference in 10, 20, 30, 40min of exercise period(p<.05). This results suggest that there is the effect of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation submaximal exercise. Additionally, to evaluate effect of Cordyceps militaris as ergogenic aid, it should be required the future study that included extend subjects, various dosage, and chronic consumption.

동맥혈 채혈후 시간 경과 및 온도 변화가 가스분압 및 PH 에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김동수,이승환,김건식,강화자,신광일,여민구 대한마취과학회 1989 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.22 No.6

Blood gas samples are highly susceptible to preanalytic error due to improper methods of obtaining or handling the sample prior to delivery to the laboratory. The errors in the measurement of blood gas analysis are currently derived from the exposure of sample to atmosphere, effects of anticoagulant itself, temperature difference between the measuring electrode and drawn blood and the delay in running the sample. To study the effects of the delay in measuring the sample and the temperature difference between the measuring electrode and drawn blood on values of blood gases and pH, we analyzed the arterial sampling from the 24 patients who were taking elective surgery or on his/her recovery period with indwelling arterial catheter. The plastic sampling syringes were kept at 4。C (refrigerator) or 22。-24。C (room temperature) and analyzed at regular intervals (1, 10, 30, 60,120 min) for 120 minutes. The following results were obtained: 1) When the arterial blood drawn from the anesthetized patients were stored 4。C, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) decreased significantly after 20 min, whereas those stored at room temperature decreased significantly after 10 min. 2) When the arterial blood drawn from the recovery patients were stored at 4。C, PaO₂ did not decrease significantly through the experimental period of 120 min. Although those stored at room temperature did not decrease significantly through the period of 120 min. 3) Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood (PaCO₂,) drawn from the anesthetized patients increased significantly by 120 min. at 4。C, whereas those at room temperature increased significantly after 20 min. 4) PaCO₂, of the recovery patients increased signigicantly by 120 min. at 4。C, whereas those at room temperature increased significantly after 30 min. 5) pH of the arterial blood drawn from either anesthetized or recovery patients decreased significantly by 120 min. at 4。C, whereas those at room temperature decreased significantly after 60 min. 6) No significant changes al oxygen saturation (SaO₂) and content (CaO₂) were noted in either anesthetized or recovery. patients in accordance with time elapsed at 4。C or room temperature. In summary, as the changes of PO₂ in particular higher than physiologic PO₂ and PCO₂ in the arterial blood stored at room temperature are significant in accordance with the delay in measuring, it would be advisable to analyze the sample in a short period of time or to store it in a cool place when the measuring will be delayed.

전송율 향상을 위한 다단계 상호연결망

신용태,이철희,조민수 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

This paper proposed two Multi-statge Interconnection Network(MIN) that had multiple outlet to improve throughput. These proposed MINS were made of Clos MIN, well known Non-blocking MIN. These proposed MINs were called ECFS(Expanded Clos Switch Fabric) adn TCSF(Tandem Clos Switch Fabric). ECFS was consist of expanded number of switchs for multiple oulet. TCSF was consist of serial Clos MIN for multiple outlet. Performance evaluation of these proposed MINs was calculated arrival probability of packet through the MIN. In teh result, these proposed MINs with multiple outlet had higher throughput than existed MIN with single outlet. We know the fact that as the outlet of MIN increase, throughput of MIN increase.

신장기능영상용 방사성의약품 Bz - MAG3 ( Benzoylmercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine ) 의 키트화 및 체내분포

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),김영주(Young Ju Kim),정재민(Jae Min Jeong),장영수(Young Soo Chang),조정혁(Jung Hyuk Cho) 대한핵의학회 1996 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.30 No.3

N/A The MAG3 is a tubular excreting radiopharmaceutical for renal image. We synthe-sized benzoyl MAG3 (Bz-MAG3) and made a kit for labeling with Tc-99m. We checked the labeling effeciency of Tc-99m labeled MAG3 and biodistribution. Labeling efficiency was checked by TLC- SG (acetonitrile/H2O=2/1). After injecting of 1 mCi of Tc-99M-MAG3 to ICR-mice, Tmax(min), T1/2(min) were obtained in the renogram. Sequencial images (30sec, 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min) of TC-99m-MAG3 were compared with those of commercial Tc-99m-DTPA (Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Co.) kit. 1) The Rf value of synthesized Tc-99m-MAG3 was 0.78 and labeling efficiency was 97.5±1.9% (n=10). 2) The dynamic images of the Tc-99m-MAG3 were better than those of the Tc-99m-DTPA. 3) The Tmax(min.) and T1/2(min.) of Tc-99m-MAG3 (n=10) were 1.5±0.5 (left), 1.4±0.4(right), and 4.3±1.4 (left), 4.8±2.0 (right), respectivel. The Tmax(min.) and T1/2(min.) of Tc-99m-DTPA (n=7) were 2.7±1.6 (left), 2.7±1.6 right), and 3.8±1.7 (left), 4.5±2.7 (right), respectively. The quaility of image and labeling efficiency of the synthesized Bz-MAG3 kit were excellent, that it was supposed to be used in routine clinical work.

대장내시경검사의 전처치로서 항콜린제 사용에 관한 연구 : 전향적, 이중맹검법으로

박경남,한동수,이민호,최호순,박준용,손주현,이오영,함준수,전용철,송승찬,기춘석,윤병철,이종희 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.3

Background: Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy is controversial but someone believes antispasmodic may improve visualization of colonic mucosa and ease colonoscope insertion. So, we designed a study to assess the effect of premedication with the antispasmodic, hyoscine-N-butyl bromide(Buscopan') on the performance of colonoscopy. Methods: This study was prospective, double blinded, randomized, controlled study, One hundred three consecutive patients were randomized to receive intravenous buscopan lml(n=52) or placebo(n=51) combined with our standard initial medication(me- peridine 50 mg and midazolam 2 mg). Insertion of colonoscopy was timed, and 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS) were used for asscssing difficulty of procedure, colonic motility, frequency of positional change, frequency of external compression, difficulty of assistance and degree of discomfort experienced by the patients. Results: There were no significant differences of intubation time between buscopan group(mean time, 7.23 min., range 2~15) and placebo group(7.07 min., range 3-25), (p=0.83) and withdrawal time between buscopan group (6.46 min., range 2-22) and placebo group(6.76 min., range 2 25), (p=0.69). Also, there was no significant differences in intubation time between males and females(buscopan; males 7.00 min., females 7.60 min., p=0.34, placebo; males 7.0~5 min., females 7.08 min., p 0.44). The VAS scores checked by endoscopist(p=0.29), assistant(p=0.32) and patient (p=0.15) were not significantly different in both groups. There were no significant differences in intubation time, VAS scores nf endoscopist, assistant, and patients. Conclusion: Premedication with intravenous bu.opan has no advantage on colonoscopy procedure. Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy was not considered as recommendable agent.

Characterizations of Modified Silica Nanoparticles(I)

Min, Seong-Kee,Park, Chan-Young,Lee, Won-Ki,Seul, Soo-Duk Materials Research Society of Korea 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.6

(3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) was used as a silylation agent, and modified silica nanoparticles were prepared by solution polymerization. 2.0 g of silica nanoparticles, 150 ml of toluene, and 20 ml of MPTMS were put into a 300 ml flask, and these mixtures were dispersed with ultrasonic vibration for 60 min. 0.2 g of hydroquinone as an inhibitor and 1 to 2 drops of 2,6-dimethylpyridine as a catalyst were added into the mixture. The mixture was then stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 8 hrs. at room temperature. After the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged for 1 hr. at 6000rpm. After precipitation, 150 ml of ethanol was added, and ultrasonic vibration was applied for 30 min. After the ultrasonic vibration, centrifugation was carried out again for 1 hr. at 6000rpm. Organo-modification of silica nanoparticles with a ${\gamma}$-methacryloxypropyl functional group was successfully achieved by solution polymerization in the ethanol solution. The characteristics of the ${\gamma}$-mercaptopropyl modified silica nanoparticles (MPSN) were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, THERMO VG SCIENTIFIC, MultiLab 2000), a laser scattering system (LSS, TOPCON Co., GLS-1000), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, JASCO INTERNATIONL CO., FT/IR-4200), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, HITACHI, S-2400), an elemental analysis (EA, Elementar, Vario macro/micro) and a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, Perkin Elmer, TGA 7, Pyris 1). From the analysis results, the content of the methacryloxypropyl group was 0.98 mmol/g and the conversion rate of acrylamide monomer was 93%. SEM analysis results showed that the organo-modification of ultra-fine particles effectively prevented their agglomeration and improved their dispensability.

주요우울증에 대한 벤라팍신의 효과 및 안전성

이민수,남종원,강성민,연병길,오병훈,이철,정인과,채정민,백인호 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 주요우울증 환자에서 벤라팍신의 치료 효과와 안정성을 조사하기 위해 다기관 개방연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : DSM-IV 진단 기준에 의거하여 주요우울증으로 진단된 환자중 벤라팍신 투여에 동의한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 선택된 환자에서 다른 항우울제를 복용하고 있는 경우 14일 이상의 약물 배설기간을 가진후 벤라팍신을 6주간 투여하였으며, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 6주 후에 HAM-D, MADRS, 그리고 CGI등을 사용하여 평가하였다. 본 연구기간중 발생된 모든 부작용은 부작용의 발생 및 소설 시기, 심한 정도, 발생 빈도, 벤라팍신과의 관련성, 관련 조치 및 결과에 대하여 증례기록서에 기록하도록 하였다. 결 과 : 총 141명을 대상으로 하였으며, 이중 94명(66.7%)이 6주간의 연구를 완결하였고, 47명(33.3%)이 중도탈락하였다. HAM-D총점수는 벤라팍신 투여 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었으며, 2주,4주, 6주후에도 지속적인 감소를 보였다. MADRS의 총점수도벤라팍신 투여 1주 후부터 유의한 호전을 나타내었으며, 2주, 4주, 6주 후에도 지속적인 감소를 보였다. CGI에서도 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 6주 후 각각의 시점 사이에 유의한 호전이 보였다. 활력징후, 일반 혈액학, 생화학, 심전도 검사 등에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 벤라팍신과 관련된 부작용으로 흔히 보고한 증상은 오심(10.6%), 소화불량(9.5%), 변비(8.5%), 현기증(8.5%)등 이었다. 결 론 : 다기관 개방연구를 통해 주요우울증 환자에 대한 벤라팍신의 투여는 우울증상의 호전에 효과적이었으며 안전하였다. Objective : A Multicenter open-label study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of venlafaxine for the tretment in patients with major depression. Method : The study was done in patients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-IV who accepted venlafaxine medication. In cases of the patients taking other antidepressants, 6 weeks of venlafaxine medication was carried out after 14 days of drug excretion period and evaluation using HAM-D, MADRS, and CGI was done at baseline, and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Regarding all side effects that had occurred during the period of our study such as their developed/disappeared time, severities, incidences, relationship with venlafaxine, managements and results have been putted into the records. Results : A total of 141 patients were enrolled. Among 94 of them finished the 6 weeks of research and 41 of them did not make it through the research. Total HAM-D scores showed significant decrease after 1 week of venlafzxine medication and continous decrease through the study period. Total scores of MADRS also showed significant improvement after 1 week and continuous decrease through the study period. Similarly, CGI showed significant improvement between baseline, 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. There were no significant changes in vital sign, CBC, chemistry, and EKG. The commonly reported side effects of venlafaxine were nausea(10.6%), indigestion(9.5%), constipation(8.5%), and dizziness(8.5%). Conclusion : According to the results, venlafaxine was effective and safe in the treatment of patients with major depression.

본태성 고혈압 환자의 적혈구 Na+-Li+ Countertransport 와 적혈구막 지방산 구성에 대한 연구

이영우,고경수,고재준,박경수,김원배,한은경,김성연,조보연,이홍규,고창순,민현기 한국지질학회 1991 韓國脂質學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

Since the changes of Na^+-Li^+ countertransport (SLC) Vmax in essential hypertension have been reported. it has been known that hyperlipidemia could affect SLC independently of blood pressure. To reveal the relation between SLC Vmax and RBC membrane fatty acid conposition in the hypertensive patients, we divided patients into two groups according to their levels of SLC Vmax of erythrocytes(elevated SLC Vmax: n=4, normal SLC Vamx: n=6). The results were as follows: 1) There was no difference in body mate index, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level between two groups. Triglyceride were higher in elevated group (278.0±180.0 ㎎/㎗) than normal group (124.3±60.7 ㎎/㎗) but there was no statistical significance. HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower in elevated group (32.0±3.6 vs. 44.8±8.9 ㎎/㎗) and free fatty acid concentrations, intracellular (RBC) Na^+ concentrations were similar between two groups. 2) The results of oral glucose tolerance test showed no differences in the glucose and insulin area, however the incremental insulin areas of elevated group (108.8±31.3, μU. min/㎖×10²) were significantly higher compared with those of normal group (56.3±20.7 μU. min/㎖×10²). 3) In the elevated group, palmitic acid proportions of erythrocytes (22.1±0.7%) were higher than those of normal group (20.1±0.7%) and SLC Vmax showed significant correlation (r=0.81, p$lt;0.01) with palmitic acid proportion. These results suggest that the abnormal lipid metabolism may change the RBC Na^+ transport system through the alterations of RBC membrane fatty acid composition.

In situ 고상 에피택시 방법에 의한 CoSi₂/Si(111)구조의 형성

이정주,강민성,김현수,최치규,이운환,이종덕,이영백,김건호,이정용 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.9 No.2

초고진공에서 공상에피택시(solid-phase epiyaxy, SPE) 방법으로 CoSi₂를 Si(111)기판 위에 에피택시 성장시켰다. 2MeV⁴He++ ion후방산란 분광기와 사중결정 x-선 회절기 및 고분해 투과전자 현미경을 이용하여 성장된 CoSi₂의 상과 조성, 결정성, 그리고 계면의 미시구조를 조사하였다. 초고진공상태의 실온에서 Si(111)-7X7기판에 Co를 약 20 ~50 ?? 중착한 후 SPE에 의하여 실리사이드를 형성시키는 경우 600℃에서는 B-형의 CoSi₂가, 그리고 700℃에서는 A형의 CoSi₂가 선택적으로 에피택시 성장하였으며, 정합성은 B-CoSi₂[110]//Si[110] and CoSi₂(111)//Si(111)이, 그리고 700℃에서는 A-CoSi₂[110]//Si[110], CoSi₂(002)//Si(002)을 나타내었다. Epitaxial films of CoSi₂were grown on Si(111) substrates by in situ solid-phase epitaxy in a ultrahigh vacuum. The phase, the chemical composition, the crystallinity, and the microstructure of the Silicide/Si interface were investigated by 2-MeV⁴He++ ion-backscattering spectrometry, quadruple crystal X-ray diffractometry, and high-resolution transmission eletron micorscopy. High-quality films of either B-type or A-type CoSi₂ could be grown selectively on Si(111) substrates by depositing ~ 20 ~ 50 ?? of Co on a Si(111)-7X7 substrate followed by in situ annealing at 600℃ or 700℃ for 10 min. The matching face relationships are CoSi₂[110]//Si[110] and CoSi₂(111)//Si(111) by B-type CoSi₂ and CoSi₂[110]//Si[110]//Si[110] and CoSi₂(002)//Si(002) for A-type CoSi₂.

치면열구전색제의 조건에 따른 법랑질 결합강도에 관한 연구

이용근,이흥수,이성재,방기숙,최정민,류승호,강민석 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, the shear bond strengths and accompanying elastic modulus ratio, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture of pit and fissure sealants to toothe enamel were analyzed by the following variables, those were acid etching, moisture content of the surface of enamel, dentin bonding agent(species and method), thermocycling, saliva contamination. One kind of chemically cured resin based pit and fissure sealant, two kinds of light cured resin based pit and fissure sealants and one kind of glass ionomer based pit and fissure sealant, and two kinds of dentin bonding agents were studied. The buccal surface of extracted premolars were ground flat with # 600 silicone carbide papers, and the ground surface was treated depending on the experimental conditions. After each treatment, each pit and fissure sealant was filled into plastic tube of 3mm diameter, which were laid on the surface of ground enamel surface, and were cured. Sealant bonded teeth specimens were immersed in 37℃ distilled water form 24 hours. The shear bond strength of sealant to enamel surface was measured with Universal testing machine with the cross head speed of 1mm/min. From the obtained load-deflection curves, modulus ratio, bond strength, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture were analyzed. From this experiment, the following results were obtained : 1. Comparing the results of standard condition(i. e. acid etching, dry surface, no dentin bonding agent and 300 thermocyling), the elastic modulus ratio of chemically cured resinbased pit and fissure sealant was significantly higher than those of other materials(P<0.05), and the bond strength, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture of glass ionomer based pit and fissure sealant were significantly lower than those of other materials(P<0.05). 2. The results of ANOVA with the variables of type of material, acid etching, moisture condition of the enamel surface, dentin bonding agents were as follows ; 1) variables showed significant main effect on the shear bond strength of pit and fissure sealant to enamel(P<0.01), 2) type of material, acid etching and moisture condition of enamel influenced the bond strength significantly(P<0.01), 3) type and application methods of dentin bonding agents influenced on the bond strength significantly(P<0.05). 3. There were statistically significant correlation between the work up to fracture and the bond strength, and between the work up to fracture and the displacement at bond failure(P<0.01), and in these cases the correlation coefficient was 0.87.